The behavior of the homozygous and heterozygous sub-types of rats which are genetically-selected for diabetes insipidus: A comparison with Long Evans and Wistar stocks

Several aspects of spontaneous and conditioned behavior (food and water intake, locomotion and emotionality, passive and active avoidance acquisition and retention) of standard (albino and pigmented) rats, and rats heterozygous (HEDI) and homozygous (HODI) for diabetes insipidus, are reviewed. As would be expected, HODI rats have been repeatedly found to consume far more fluid than either HEDI or control rats. Pigmented rats appear to be more active than albinos. HODI rats exhibit less marked emotional responses than do control rats, among which the pigmented ones exhibit the highest emotionality. Light aversion is more evident in albino than in pigmented rats. No differences are found among HEDI, HODI and normal Long Evans rats. It is quite difficult to provide a clear-cut statement concerning inter-strain differences in passive avoidance behavior, possibly because of the variety of techniques employed. In any case, HODI rats do not perform worse than normal controls do. In one-way active avoidance paradigms, pigmented rats perform better than albinos, and the performance of HODI rats does not differ from that of controls. In two-way avoidance paradigms, albinos appear to outperform pigmented rats. Once again, there are no obvious differences between HODI and control animals.In addition to indicating that HODI rats may actually be less emotional than the other groups of rats reviewed here, the studies described once again fail to confirm the previously alleged functions of vasopressin in memory consolidation.     

数控机床伺服系统故障的维修

列举了数据机床故障实例,介绍了数控机床伺服系统故障的维修。     

机器人避障功能的设计

本文介绍了通过硬件的连接以及利用汇编语言编写简单程序使机器人实现避障功能.     

浅析西部地区技术引进的障碍

技术是生产力的核心要素,技术引进更是提高生产力水平,促进区域经济、技术发展的重要手段.据此,分析了西部地区技术引进的障碍,提出了促进西部地区技术引进的策略.     

Using genetically-defined rodent strains for the identification of hippocampal traits relevant for two-way avoidance behavior: a non-invasive approach

Summary Genetically-defined rodent strains permit the identification of hippocampal traits which are of functional relevance for the performance of two-way avoidance behavior. This is exemplified here by analyzing the relationship between infrapyramidal mossy fibers (a tiny projection terminating upon the basal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons) and two-way avoidance learning in about 800 animals. The necessary steps include 1) identification of structural traits sensitive to selective breeding for extremes in two-way avoidance, 2) testing the robustness of the associations found by studying individual and genetical correlations between hippocampal traits and behavior, 3) establishing causal relationships by Mendelian crossing of strains with extreme structural traits and studying the behavioral consequences of such structural randomization, 4) confirming causal relationships by manipulating the structural variable in inbred (isogenic) strains, thereby eliminating the possibility of genetic linkage, and 5) ruling out the possibility of spurious associations by studying the correlations between the hippocampal trait and other behaviors known to depend on hippocampal functioning.In comparison with the classical lesion approach for identifying relationships between brain and behavior, the present procedure appears to be superior in two aspects: it is non-invasive, and it focuses automatically on those brain traits which are used by natural selection to shape behaviorally-defined animal populations, i.e., it reveals the natural regulators of behavior.     

中国高校体育发展的障碍

体育教育是我国高校与社会发展最直接、最密切的部分，加快高校体育教育的改革和发展，关系到学生体质、健康水平，关系到学生终身接受教育和学习、生存能力的实践。当前高校体育发展滞后，与中小学体育薄弱，高校体育教学现状，体育运动竞技水平低，体育实践能力差、体育设施落后等严重阻碍了中国高校体育教育的发展。     

一种基于速度势场的局部在线避碰方法

本文以势场方法的思想为出发点，提出一种基于速度势场的自主移动机器人的局部避碰方法。该方法可以更好地利用相对速度的信息，在存在移动障碍物和环境中得到较好的局部在线避碰效果。     

微小型LTA飞行机器人主动避障控制研究

采用基于行为的研究方法，设计了一种基于电机神经元网络的微小型LTA飞行机器人主动避障控制方法。该方法通过电机神经元网络选取飞行机器人的飞行动作，采用增强式学习方法对飞行结果作出评判，利用评判结果在线修改网络权值，从而实现微小型LTA飞行机器人在未知、动态环境中的主动避障。飞行机器人的仿真运行分析，验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种DSM模型下飞行障碍物尺度的研究

在一种数字表面模型(DSM)建模方法的基础上,对威胁飞行器低空飞行安全的独立障碍物的尺度与DSM纵横断面采样间距的关系进行了分析,给出了独立障碍物的定义、分类和确定独立障碍物的方法。通过对7.2km2一典型城市地域的仿真试验表明,DSM纵横断面间距在3～25m之间,威胁飞行器地形跟踪制导安全的孤立障碍物较少,同时装订并实时处理的DSM模型数据量也较小,并在纵横断面间距12.5m处达到两者最优。     

移动通信中多重建筑物的遮挡损耗

用Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction（UTD)分析了等高度等间距的建筑物对移动通信中移动台接收信号的影响，给出了易于计算的UTD拟合表达式，计算表明，此时Hata模型、COST231模型的计算结果和UTD的计算结果是较为接近的，但要精确地比较各场点的传播损耗只能用UTD按照实际的不等高度，不等间距的建筑物分布来计算，结果表明，当移动台前一幢建筑物的直接路径被阻挡时，UTD方法能较确定的反映此时的传播损耗。