体育运动的减肥功效调查

调查测量了体育专业大学生的身高、体重、腰围、臀围，并由此计算了体重指数(BMI)和腰臀比(WHR)，用统计学的方法比较了男女大学生、不同专项大学生的上述指标，旨在填补体育大学生的身体发育调查空白，并证实体育运动在青年人减肥中的功效。     

单纯性肥胖儿童肥胖影响因素及其健康状况的配对研究

以２２３２名小学生为研究对象，分层随机抽样得到１０￣１２岁单纯性肥胖儿童５０人，进行１：１配对。采用条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型研究了儿童单纯性肥胖的危险因素，并用配对方法比较了肥胖儿童的健康状况。结果表明：儿童单纯性肥胖的主要危险为饮食量大、进食速度快、不喜欢体育运动和父母均肥胖，其中饮食量的相对危险度最大（ＲＲ＝３８．６３３５）；肥胖儿童的体重、上臂部和背部皮脂厚度、收缩压、舒张压都极其显著地     

肥胖的机制与科学减肥

肥胖问题是严重影响人类生活的现代疾病.其病因极为复杂,涉及遗传、生理、生活方式等多种因素.肥胖可以导致众多的并发病症.控制肥胖的手段有多种选择,运动与合理的饮食是最安全、可行的方法.合理的运动可以有效地控制、调整身体成分,达到健康减肥的目的.综述了肥胖的机制及科学减肥的方法.     

大学生膳食结构与肥胖的关系

为了了解大学生膳食结构与肥胖的关系,我们从晋中学院生物科学与技术学院随机抽取60名学生,进行为期一周的膳食调查,主要通过对进餐次数、进餐量与个人饮食习惯喜好的考察,利用卡方检验与相关性分析对大学生中膳食结构与肥胖的关系进行分析研究.发现大学生肥胖与每日进餐次数、进餐摄入能量以及饮食习惯有关.而不吃早餐、喜欢在晚上加餐、每天主食等的摄入量过多以及喜食＂三高＂食品等是导致肥胖发生的重要因素.     

肥胖以及有氧耐力运动对大鼠血清抗氧化酶和一氧化氮的影响

研究了肥胖以及耐力性运动对大鼠血清抗氧化酶和一氧化氮水平的影响,结果表明,高脂饮食组实验大鼠血清中SOD和CAT浓度显著性下降,MDA明显增加,NO活性下降;高脂饮食结合有氧耐力运动组大鼠血清中SOD和CAT活性以及MDA明显上升,血清中NO水平恢复明显.肥胖大鼠体重增长被明显抑制.结合生化试验结果,确定高脂饮食诱发肥胖后可造成实验动物血清中抗氧化酶活性下降,自由基生成增加,血管舒张功能下降,系统的有氧耐力运动可以有效的逆转高脂饮食造成的自由基增加,NO恢复至正常水平.     

Activation and inactivation of thyroid hormone by deiodinases: Local action with general consequences

The thyroid hormone plays a fundamental role in the development, growth, and metabolic homeostasis in all vertebrates by affecting the expression of different sets of genes. A group of thioredoxin fold-containing selenoproteins known as deiodinases control thyroid hormone action by activating or inactivating the precursor molecule thyroxine that is secreted by the thyroid gland. These pathways ensure regulation of the availability of the biologically active molecule T3, which occurs in a time-and tissue-specific fashion. In addition, because cells and plasma are in equilibrium and deiodination affects central thyroid hormone regulation, these local deiodinase-mediated events can also affect systemic thyroid hormone economy, such as in the case of non-thyroidal illness. Heightened interest in the field has been generated following the discovery that the deiodinases can be a component in both the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway and the TGR-5 signaling cascade, a G-protein-coupled receptor for bile acids. These new mechanisms involved in deiodinase regulation indicate that local thyroid hormone activation and inactivation play a much broader role than previously thought. Received 29 August 2007; received after revision 11 October 2007; accepted 16 October 2007     

A possible genetic component of obesity in childhood. Observations on acid phosphatase polymorphism

Summary Phenotypes of acid phosphatase with low enzymatic activity (ACP₁ A and BA) are correlated with the highest degree of body mass increase observed in a sample of obese children. Since acid phosphatase probably functions as a flavin-mononucleotide phosphatase, differential modulation of flavo-enzyme activity and energy metabolism due to acid phosphatase genetic variability may explain the observed association.     

趋化素对肥胖哮喘小鼠气道IL-17表达的影响

为了研究趋化素（chemerin）对肥胖哮喘小鼠气道中IL-17表达的影响。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、免疫组织化学染色等方法研究了小鼠体内chemerin和IL-17的表达,选取了36只雄性C57BL/C小鼠随机分至6组,每组6只,分别为正常对照组,肥胖对照组,哮喘模型组,肥胖哮喘组,二甲双胍哮喘组,二甲双胍肥胖哮喘组。造模完毕后,收集各组小鼠血清、支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）、肺组织,检测血清及BALF中chemerin及IL-17浓度,进行BALF细胞计数与分类以及肺组织免疫组化染色。结果表明：与正常对照组、肥胖对照组及哮喘模型组相比,肥胖哮喘组小鼠血清及BALF中chemerin、IL-17浓度明显升高,BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞及中性粒细胞计数增多;经二甲双胍干预后,二甲双胍肥胖哮喘组小鼠chemerin及IL-17浓度较肥胖哮喘组小鼠降低,且各分类细胞计数减少。可见随着chemerin表达的减少,肥胖哮喘小鼠气道IL-17水平降低,chemerin可能参与了肥胖哮喘小鼠气道IL-17的表达。     

Leptin receptor action and mechanisms of leptin resistance

The adipose tissue-derived hormone leptin regulates energy balance and neuroendocrine function. Resistance to the appetite-suppressing effects of leptin is associated with common forms of obesity. Here, we review the mechanisms by which leptin activates intracellular signals and the roles that these signals play in leptin action in vivo. Furthermore, we discuss potential mechanisms of leptin resistance, specifically focusing on data regarding the neuroanatomical locus of leptin resistance and potential mechanisms by which expression of the suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 may impair leptin action.Received 30 September 2004; received after revision 12 November 2004; accepted 23 November 2004     

有关中学生身体质量指数的调查

目的：研究中学生饮食习惯及肥胖的变化。方法：测量身高,体重,而后计算身体质量指数（BMI）,结果：RMI在民族、城乡,性别间未发现有意义的差别。城市组内BMI高中生比初中生增高显著,高中女生比初中女生增高显著,过低体重,肥胖的比例在民族,城乡和性别间无差异,前者在初中生中所占比例较高中生为高。结论：青少年的体重变化与民族,城乡,性别间未发现存在一定的关系,但在初高中生之间则显示出差异。