不同功率532 nm激光诱导棕色挪威大鼠脉络膜 新生血管模型的实验研究

目的 采用532 nm激光的不同功率诱导棕色挪威大鼠脉络膜新生血管模型,以探求成模率最高的激光功率。方法 将45只挪威棕色大鼠随机分为3个实验组,每组15只,激光功率依次为400 mW、300 mW、200 mW,光斑直径100 μm,曝光时间100 ms,每眼光凝10～12个点。对各实验组大鼠激光造模后的第1周、2周、3周、4周行眼底彩照、荧光素血管造影和光学相干断层扫描,对实验数据进行统计。结果 眼底彩照可见激光诱导后的视网膜因玻璃膜的破坏呈现水肿状态;荧光血管造影显示功率200 mW的激光与300 mW、400 mW的激光诱导后第1～4周的渗漏率对比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),第2、4周对比渗漏率有统计学意义(P0.05),而第1、3周和第2、3周的渗漏率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。光学相干断层扫描显示视网膜破坏后结果紊乱,然后诱发脉络膜新生血管形成,最终趋于稳定,部分视网膜结构萎缩变薄。结论 200 mW、300 mW、400 mW的532 nm激光均可以诱导挪威棕色大鼠形成脉络膜新生血管模型,其中300 mW的成模率最高,脉络膜新生血管于1周后开始形成,第3周达到高峰,第4周趋于稳定。     

Choroidal vascular repair: Scanning and transmission electron microscopy

Repair of the choroidal vasculature following laser photocoagulation in the rat was examined with vascular casts and correlated with observations on thin-sections. The regenerative process began at the periphery of the damaged area, starting from the surviving choriocapillaris and venules, and proceeding towards the center by means of recanalization of damaged vessels and growth of new ones. In small healed lesions the capillary bed was re-formed. It resembled the adjacent undamaged choriocapillaris morphologically but appeared to be less dense than the intact choriocapillaris when examined by scanning microscopy. In large lesions the capillary bed was re-formed at the periphery but not at the center. Also present at the edges of the large lesions were groups of new vessels which, when observed by scanning microscopy, appeared to extend in two directions; towards the subretinal space and towards the choroidal network. Another aspect of the repair process was the simultaneous occurrence of new vessel growth and capillary regression, which was observed both at the level of the choriocapillaris and at the foci of new vessels     

NSA2在激光诱导的小鼠脉络膜新生血管模型中表达的时相性和定位研究

目的探讨NSA2在激光诱导的小鼠脉络膜新生血管（choroidal neovascularization，CNV）模型眼组织中的表达及其意义。方法532nm激光诱导C57BI/6J小鼠CNV模型。用CD31抗体标记血管内皮细胞的方法对CNV模型进行鉴定，采用RT-PCR和Western blotting方法检测正常对照组和光凝后1d、3d、5d、7d和14d组小鼠CNV中NSA2mRNA和蛋白表达的时间变化规律。取光凝后7d组小鼠眼做眼球冰冻切片，用免疫荧光染色方法对NSA2蛋白在CNV中的表达进行定位研究。结果NSA2在正常小鼠的视网膜脉络膜组织中弱表达。视网膜光凝后，NSA2mRNA和蛋白在CNV模型眼组织中的表达有明显的时间变化规律，光凝后l～3d逐渐增强，3d达高峰，之后逐渐减弱，14d时仍稍高于正常水平。同时发现NSA2在CNV区域表达较强。结论NSA2在CNV形成早期表达上调，具有明显的时间变化规律，且在CNV区域有较强的表达，因此我们推断NSA2可能在CNV形成这一病理过程中起着重要作用。     

海洋杆菌S-12-86代谢产物抑制肿瘤血管生成实验的设计与探索

通过海洋杆菌S-12-86代谢产物抑制新生血管形成的开放实验,了解到实验的科学性和严谨性,培养了同学们的创新意识及科学思维方法,提高了大家团结协作能力、科学实验技能等综合素质。     

Induction of neovascularization in vivo by glycerol

Glycerol, injected into a site between the femoral vessels of the rat, induced neovascularization, both from the preexisting microcirculation and from the side of the femoral vein facing the artery-vein interstitium where the glycerol was administered. The use of glycerol together with a known angiogenic substance (PGE₂) did not modify the neocapillary density (NCD) obtained with glycerol alone. In contrast, the lower level of NCD achieved with an acylglycerol (triacetylglycerol) was increased when the latter was associated with PGE₂. Values reached were similar to, but never higher than, those for glycerol alone, or combined with PGE₂. The results suggest that glycerol and some substances containing glycerol, amongst which 1-butyrylglycerol has been previously considered¹, may stimulate angiogenesis by a direct or indirect mechanism of action.     

骨髓间充质细胞联合细胞外基质成血管能力的研究

选用8周龄的雄性SD大鼠,处死后分离骨髓单个核细胞,用DMEM培养基和细胞外基质进行培养,观察细胞集落.选用8周龄雌性SD大鼠,结扎一侧股动脉引起下肢缺血,随机分为4组,A组进行细胞外基质联合细胞移植;B组进行单纯的细胞移植;C组进行细胞外基质移植;D组进行生理盐水注射;2周后测定大鼠下肢活动能力、小血管数目、Y染色体SRY基因量评估细胞外基质和细胞联合移植的效果.在细胞外基质中培养得到的细胞集落形态学上呈血岛样外观,而在普通DMEM培养基中得到的细胞集落呈铺路石样外观.进行细胞移植的动物中,A组大鼠跛行距离最长(P<0.05);小血管密度最高(P<0.05);Y染色体SRY的DNA量最高(P<0.05).     

PM2.5引起的肿瘤新生血管形成和转移研究进展

 PM_2.5指直径≤2.5 μm 的颗粒物质,它很容易穿过呼吸道屏障,进入血液循环,可诱发肺癌等多种恶性肿瘤,已成为恶性肿瘤新的诱因。近年研究揭示,PM_2.5可刺激肿瘤细胞合成和分泌血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）,促进血管内皮细胞介导的肿瘤血管新生;并可激活肿瘤细胞,使其通过血管生成拟态直接形成肿瘤血管;还能使肿瘤干细胞向肿瘤内皮细胞转化,促进肿瘤新生血管形成。此外,PM_2.5可促进肿瘤细胞及其他多种细胞分泌趋化因子和白细胞介素,招募骨髓和血液中白细胞进入肿瘤组织,诱发局部慢性炎症反应,诱导上皮细胞-间充质细胞转化（EMT）的发生,增加肿瘤细胞干性、迁移和转移能力;还可破坏血管稳态,增加血管通透性,为肿瘤细胞的转移打开方便之门。PM_2.5在肿瘤的新生血管形成和转移中起了重要作用,然而,至今对其作用机制知之甚少。因此,进一步深入研究PM_2.5诱导的肿瘤新生血管形成及转移机制,能为PM_2.5引起的恶性肿瘤防治提供可靠的理论依据和新的应对策略。     

老年性黄斑变性的眼底荧光血管造影分析

目的：观察和评价老年性黄斑变性（AMD）眼底荧光血管造影（FFA）图像特征及临床应用价值。方法：对78例（112眼）AMD的患者行FFA检查,并对检查结果进行分析。结果：该病发病年龄为（62.0&#177;8.4）岁;FFA图像显示112眼中,萎缩型85眼,占75.89%;造影早期玻璃膜疣呈透见荧光,晚期背景荧光减退;渗出型27眼,占24.11%,渗出型中有典型黄斑脉络膜新生血管（CNV）10眼,隐匿型CNV3眼,瘢痕期4眼。结论：对AMD患者早期应用FFA检查有助于发现CNV,并显示其范围和部位,为治疗提供依据。     

氧诱导视网膜病变小鼠模型的建立与评价

目的:建立氧诱导视网膜病变(OIR)小鼠模型,并对模型进行整体评价.方法:7日龄清洁级C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为实验组(高氧组)与对照组(空气组),实验组置于体积分数为75％高氧环境中饲养5d后回到空气中继续饲养,对照组则始终在空气环境中饲养.两组小鼠分别于生后第7(P7)、12(P12)、14(P14)、17(P1...