水环境中人工合成纳米银颗粒的来源、转化和生态毒性研究进展

纳米银（AgNPs）因其抗菌特性而被广泛应用于纺织品、食品容器、化妆品、医疗产品、纳米功能塑料、涂料和家用电器等消费品中,从而增加了其向环境释放和人体暴露的机会。一旦进入水环境,AgNPs本身及其释放的银离子（Ag⁺）会经过复杂的物理化学转化,并在环境中积累,进而产生高度依赖环境条件调节的复杂毒理效应。因此,本文重点综述水生态环境中AgNPs的来源与现实环境浓度、可能的迁移转化规律及其在水环境中的毒理效应机制,认为今后需更加关注AgNPs在实际暴露场景和剂量条件下、多组学和多因素交互作用方面的研究,从而有助于深入了解AgNPs对水环境的毒理机制和风险评估。     

In vivo toxicity of nano-C60 aggregates complex with atrazine to aquatic organisms

The present study aims at investigating the potential impacts of the nC₆₀ complex with atrazine on the development of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos and chronic toxicity to D. magna. Although exposure to nC₆₀ below 8 mg/L had no effects on the hatching rate of medaka embryos, it increased the deformity of hatched larvae. Moreover, the presence of nC₆₀ significantly increased the hatching time of the embryos exposed to atrazine. 14-day exposure of D. magna to nC₆₀ significantly reduced offspring production even at a concentration as low as 0.5 mg/L. This indicates that nC₆₀ is able to reduce the ability of D. magna to produce offspring, and therefore would have an impact on population. For atrazine, no significant difference in offspring production was observed. The nC₆₀ complex with atrazine was also found to significantly decrease the reproduction of D. magna, which was similar to the result of exposure to nC₆₀. These results suggest that nC₆₀ would have potential risks to aquatic organisms. Therefore, much attention should be paid to their associations with other contaminants for fullerene’s risk assessment.