基于DNA-AuNCs的荧光传感新方法灵敏检测胰蛋白酶活性

以DNA模板金纳米簇(DNA-AuNCs)作为荧光探针,发展了一种灵敏检测胰蛋白酶活性的荧光分析新方法.在胰蛋白酶存在条件下,牛血清白蛋白水解成多肽片段,释放出游离的半胱氨酸残基.半胱氨酸残基与金纳米簇通过Au-S键形成非荧光的配合物,导致金纳米簇的荧光强度显著降低.该方法对胰蛋白酶的线性检测范围为0.1～2.0mg/L,检出限为20μg/L(R_(SN)=3).此外,该方法被成功应用于人血清样品中胰蛋白酶含量的测定.     

纳米CuCl晶簇室温光吸收谱

实验测定了平均尺寸４．２ｎｍＣｕＣｌ晶簇的室这紫外和可见光吸收谱线，给出了Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光束辐照下的光吸收谱线，在３．１８７ｅＶ处有宽度０．６２ｍｅＶ的吸收尖峰。     

小尺寸Au-Ag合金团簇稳定结构的模拟研究

采用微正则分子动力学方法模拟了原子数N=80的7种Au-Ag合金团簇（按原子数比例不同），得到团簇势能随温度变化关系．结果表明，降温速度对团簇结构的势能影响很大，冷却速度较慢的情况下，形成的团簇势能较低，结构相对稳定．采用相同的降温速度模拟了N=144的7种Au-Ag合金团簇的这种稳定结构，得出各种原子数比例不同的合金团簇的稳定结构具有一定的相似性．     

Chiral ligand-protected gold nanoclusters: Considering the optical activity from a viewpoint of ligand dissymmetric field

Chirality is a geometric property of a physical, chemical, or biological object, which is not superimposable on its mirror image. Its significant presence has led to a strong demand in the development of chiral drugs, sensors, catalysts, and photofunctional materials. In recent years, chirality of nanoscale organic/inorganic hybrids has received tremendous attention owing to potential applications in chiral nanotechnology. In particular, with the recent progress in the syntheses and characterizations of atomically precise gold nanoclusters protected by achiral thiolates, atomic level origins of their chirality have been unveiled. On the other hand, chirality or optical activity in metal nanoclusters can also be introduced via the surface chiral ligands, which should be universal for the nanosystems. This tutorial review presents some optically-active metal (gold) nanoclusters protected by chiral thiolates or phosphines, and their chiroptical (or circular dichroism; CD) properties are discussed mostly from a viewpoint of the ligand dissymmetric field scheme. The examples are the gold nanoclusters protected by (R)-/(S)-2-phenylpropane-1-thiol, (R)-/(S)-mercaptosuccinic acid, phenylboronate-D/L-fructose complexes, phosphine sulfonate-ephedrinium ion pairs, or glutathione. Some methodologies for versatile asymmetric transformation and chiroptical controls of the nanocluster compounds are also described. In the dissymmetric field model as the origin of optical activity, the chiroptical responses of the gold nanoclusters are strongly associated with coupled oscillator and/or CD stealing mechanisms based on the concept of induced CD (ICD) derived from a perturbation theory, so on this basis, some characteristic features of the observed CD responses of chiral ligand-protected gold nanoclusters are presented in detail. We believe that various kinds of origins of chirality found in ligand-protected gold nanoclusters may provide models for understanding those of many related nanomaterials.     

水溶性荧光金银纳米簇的生物效应研究进展

荧光金属纳米簇是一种具有独特物理化学特性的新型纳米材料,在生物医学的许多应用中显示出巨大的潜力.阐明它们在复杂的生物环境中的行为对于设计基于金属纳米簇的高效、安全的纳米医药至为关键.在这篇综述中,概述了水溶性的金属纳米簇与生物体系相互作用的最新研究进展,讨论了影响这些生物相互作用过程中的关键参数,并对未来金属纳米簇的生物效应的研究做了展望.     

ZrO2纳米晶簇研究

用化学方法将ZrO₂纳米晶簇掩埋在PVA膜内。实验测定ZrO₂纳米晶簇的TEM图。X光谱和光吸收曲线。ZrO₂纳米晶簇平均尺寸约7.0nm。室温带隙是3.024eV。     

金属离子掺杂TiO2纳米晶簇室温光透射谱

报道了金属离子掺杂TiO₂纳米晶簇室温光透射谱实验测量结果。金属掺杂使TiO₂纳米晶簇室温光透射值明显减小。而且,金属掺杂引起TiO₂纳米晶簇室温光透射值变化谱线是非线性变化曲线。在变化曲线上存在位置不等的极大值。     

Synthesis, growing processes and physical properties of CdS nanoclusters in Y-zeolite studied by positron annihilation

Direct synthesis of CdS nanoclusters within the pore structure of Y zeolite was made. The location of CdS nanoclusters inside Y zeolite hosts was confirmed by the blue-shifted reflection absorption spectra with respected to that of bulk CdS materials. In this paper, we conducted Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectrum (PALS) measurements on a series of CdS/Y zeolite samples and concluded that CdS clusters were not located in supercages but in smaller sodalite cages; as the CdS loading concentration increases to 5 wt%, the discrete CdS cubes begin to form bigger superclusters through interaction. The stability of CdS clusters inside the sodalite units is due to the coordination of Cd atoms with the framework oxygen atoms of the double six-ring windows. Moreover, PALS reveals some important information of surface states existing on the interfacial layers between CdS clusters and Y zeolite. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19871074) Biography: Peng Hao (1978-), male, Ph. D candidate, research interest: semiconductor nanoclusters.     

动力学控制合成原子精确的银纳米团簇及催化还原4-硝基苯酚

Synthesizing atomically precise Ag nanoclusters (NCs), which is essential for the general development of NCs, is quite challenging. In this study, we report the synthesis of high-purity atomically precise Ag NCs via a kinetically controlled strategy. The Ag NCs were prepared using a mild reducing agent via a one-pot method. The as-prepared Ag NCs were confirmed to be Ag₄₉(D-pen)₂₄ (D-pen: D-penicillamine) on the basis of their matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric and thermogravimetric characteristics. The interfacial structures of the Ag NCs were illustrated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The Ag NCs were supported on activated carbon (AC) to form Ag NCs/AC, which displayed excellent activity for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol with a kinetic reaction rate constant k of 0.21 min?1. Such a high k value indicates that the composite could outperform several previously reported catalysts. Moreover, the catalytic activity of Ag NCs/AC remained nearly constant after six times of recycle, which suggests its excellent stability.