线粒体蛋白组研究进展

线粒体蛋白组是指在线粒体中出现的所有蛋白质的集合,包括线粒体自身基因组编码的和 由核基因组编码的蛋白质.线粒体作为真核生物的重要细胞器,它参与去除氧化、产生能量和还原 性物质等等一些重要的生命活动过程.这些功能都依赖于线粒体蛋白组中的蛋白河的相互作用.要 对其有一个较为全面的认识,就必须对其蛋白组进行广泛且深入的研究.根据现有的一些研究成 果,对线粒体蛋白组在起源与进化、跨膜运输、研究方法和计算机预测作了简要综述.     

Disruption of mitochondrial function as the basis of the trypanocidal effect of trifluoperazine onTrypanosoma cruzi

Summary The tricyclic anti-calmodulin drug trifluoperazine (TFP) inhibited growth and motility of epimastigotes ofTrypanosoma cruzi, at concentrations lower than 100 M, and motility and infectivity of the bloodstream trypomastigote form at 200 M. Electron microscopy of TFP-treated epimastigotes showed that the major effect was at the mitochondrial level, with gross swelling and disorganization. The oligomycin-sensitive, mitochondrial ATPase was completely inhibited by 20 M TFP, and the same drug concentration caused a 60% decrease in intracellular ATP content. The results suggest that the trypanocidal effect of TFP may be related more to mitochondrial damage than to the well-known anticalmodulin effect of the drug.     

Biogenesis of mitochondrial porin: The import pathway

Summary We review here the present knowledge about the pathway of import and assembly of porin into mitochondria and compare it to those of other mitochondrial proteins. Porin, like all outer mitochondrial membrane proteins studied so far is made as a precursor without a cleavble signal sequence; thus targeting information must reside in the mature sequence. At least part of this information appears to be located at the amino-terminal end of the molecule. Transport into mitochondria can occur post-translationally. In a first step, the porin precursor is specifically recognized on the mitochondrial surface by a protease sensitive receptor. In a second step, porin precursor inserts partially into the outer membrane. This step is mediated by a component of the import machinery common to the import pathways of precursor proteins destined for other mitochondrial subcompartments. Finally, porin is assembled to produce the functional oligomeric form of an integral membrane protein wich is characterized by its extreme protease resistance.     

Mitochondrial DNA evidence for the 19th century introduction of African honey bees into the United States

Since the introduction of an African subspecies into Brazil in the mid-1950's¹, descendent Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) have spread throughout the Neotropics and into temperate North America. Restriction enzyme analysis of 422 feral honey bee colonies collected from non-Africanized areas in the southern United States revealed that over 21% of them had mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) derived from a European race established in North America by the 17th century, 77% of them had mtDNA common in honey bees maintained by beekeepers and about 1% exhibited African mtDNA. Further analysis revealed that the African mtDNA was derived from a north African subspecies imported to the US in the 19th century.     

大肠杆菌O157:H7基因组研究进展

对大肠杆菌O157：H7基因组的结构、特点等近年来的研究进展进行了综述。     

斜带石斑鱼神经坏死病毒基因组RNA1和RNA2序列测定及分析

根据GenBank数据库公布的鱼类神经坏死病毒(nervous necrosis virus,NNV)同源序列设计了7对特异性引物,采用RT-PCR方法扩增出目的片断,将PCR产物测序和分析.斜带石斑鱼Epinephelus coioides神经坏死病毒(orange-spotted NNV,OGNNV)基因组由两个片断(RNA1和RNA2)组成,RNA1由3 103个核苷酸组成,含有一个开放阅读框,编码982个氨基酸;RNA2由1 433个核苷酸组成,含有一个开放阅读框,编码338个氨基酸.OGNNV基因组与新加坡GGNNV(greasy grouper NNV)的基因组有高度的相似性.分析病毒的RNA2序列发现:OGNNV与DGNNV(dragon grouper NNV)、RGNNV(redspotted NNV)和GGNNV的亲缘关系很近,并且具有相同的中和位点;分析病毒的RNA1序列,发现在OGNNV的RNA1序列中同样可以找到依赖RNA的RNA聚合酶的6个模序(motif).根据同源性比较和系统进化分析,OGNNV属于RGNNV血清型的成员.     

中华哲水蚤线粒体DNA COI基因序列分析

采用苯酚-氯仿-异戊醇(25：24：1)提取、异丙醇沉淀、酒精洗涤、TE缓冲液保存方法提取了采自胶州湾青岛海域的中华哲水蚤基因组DNA；以相应引物经PCR扩增得到线粒体DNA细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ亚基基因(mtCOD)片段；PCR产物采用化学法进行质粒重组(载体pGEM—T Easy Vector)、热休克转化重组质粒至大肠杆菌感受态细胞(JM109)、氨苄LB培养基扩大培养；测序．结果表明。中华哲水蚤线粒体COI碱基大小为710bp(国际基因库索引号AY665663)。其碱基组成A、C、G、T含量分别为24．23％、19．15％、22．54％和34．08％；G C含量为41．69％。A T为58．31％．     

二元序列的翻转与对换排序

序列的翻转与对换的排序问题因在基因组比较中的应用而受到关注．考虑二元序列的翻转与对换的排序问题，分别给出了二元序列的翻转排序与对换排序的近似算法．     

A complete sequence and comparative analysis of a SARS-associated virus(Isolate BJ01)

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a newly identified infectious disease[1—5]. The global outbreak of SARS has been threatening the health of people worldwide and has killed 353 people and infected more than 5462 in 27 countries, as reported by WHO on April 29, 2003 (http://www.who.int/csr/sarscountry/en). Although it has been recognized that a variant of virus from the family of coronavirus might be the candidate pathogen of SARS[1—5], its identity as the unique pathogen sti…     

人类基因组计划及后基因组研究概论

综述了人类基因组计划及后基因组研究概况，指出该研究将对21世纪的生命科学和人类生活产生巨大的影响，尤其在医疗保健领域意义深远，并展望了其发展前景．