微细切削用小型数控铣床的研制

介绍了一台自主构建的适于微小尺寸零件制造的300 mm×400 mm×500 mm三轴小型数控铣床,xyz工作空间尺寸为50 mm×50 mm×20 mm,全闭环数控系统分辨率为0.05 μm,能实现亚微米级加工精度.该机床关键部件采用高速空气静压电主轴、交叉滚柱支撑的高分辨率超精密滑台、永磁直线电机、CCD显微镜以及基于IPC的多轴运动控制卡,结合优化的插补控制策略及误差补偿机制,能实现三维复杂形面超精密微细切削加工的精度要求.初步调试后的加工试验结果显示,该铣床已经具有加工大深宽比meso尺度三维零件的能力.     

新型微细球端铣刀几何建模与优化设计

针对微细切削刀具的应用需求,在Aoyama等设计的椭圆柱球端铣刀的基础上,提出了一种简化结构的新型微细球端立铣刀的优化设计方案.应用微分几何方法对此类刀具结构进行数学建模,依据ISO刀具角度定义计算其静态工作角度,分析所设计刀具的切削能力;根据建立的数学模型进行刀具制备过程的分析,确定最终的刀具优化结构与制备工艺.所设计的微细球端立铣刀能够提高微细切削刀具切削部分的结构强度,同时显著降低刀具制备的难度.      

基于ALE-FEM法的微切削刀刃钝圆效应的仿真研究

为了研究微切削中刀刃的钝圆效应,提出了一种新的有效前角模型,模型中考虑到刀刃前的材料分离点(停滞点);并基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)法和大变形有限元法,建立了热-机耦合的正交切削有限元模型,仿真中钝圆刀刃前的材料流动出现了停滞点,而锋利刀刃却没有;结果表明,当刀刃圆弧半径一定时,切削深度的改变不影响停滞点的位置;而当切削深度不变时,刀刃圆弧半径越大,停滞点就越明显。     

Calculation of the intracellular elastic modulus based on an atomic force microscope micro-cutting system

Better understanding of variations in the mechanical properties of cancer cells could help to provide novel solutions for the diagnosis,prevention,and treatment of cancers.We therefore developed a calculation model of the intracellular elastic modulus based on the contact pressure between the silicon tip of an atomic force microscope and the target cells,and cutting depth.Ovarian cells(UACC-1598) and colon cancer cells(NCI-H716) were cut into sequential layers using an atomic force microscope silicon tip.The cutting area on the cells was 8μm×8μm,and the loading force acting on the cells was increased from 17.523 to 32.126μN.The elastic modulus distribution was measured after each cutting process.There were significant differences in contact pressure and cutting depth between different cells under the same loading force,which could be attributed to differences in their intrinsic structures and mechanical properties.The differences between the average elastic modulus and surface elastic modulus for UACC-1598 and NCI-H716 cells were 0.288±0.08 kPa and 0.376±0.16 kPa,respectively.These results demonstrate that this micro-cutting method can be used to measure intracellular mechanical properties,which could in turn provide a more accurate experimental basis for the development of novel methods for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.