Science Letters： A synthetic Toll-like receptor 2 ligand decreases allergic immune responses in a mouse rhinitis model sensitized to mite allergen

It has been proposed that activation of Toll-like receptors （TLRs） plays crucial roles in the polarization of adaptive immune responses. A synthetic Toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） ligand, Pam3CSK4, has been reported to modulate the balance of Th1/Th2 responses. We evaluated the modulation effect of Pam3CSK4 on allergic immune response in a mouse rhinitis model sensitized to house dust mite allergen （HDM）. Mice were sensitized and challenged with Dermatophagoidesfarinae allergen （Der f）, and then the allergic mice were treated by Pam3CSK4. Nasal allergic symptoms and eosinophils were scored. Der f-specific cytokine responses were examined in the splenocytes and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Serum level of total IgE was also detected. After establishing a mouse allergic rhinitis model with HDM, we have showed that Pam3CSK4 treatment not only ameliorated the nasal allergic symptoms remarkably but also decreased the eosinophils and total inflammation cells in BALF significantly. Analysis of cytokine profile found that IFN-7 released from either BALF or stimulated splenocytes increased markedly in Pam3CSK4-treated mice, while IL-13 decreased significantly. Moreover, serum level of total IgE was significantly lower in Pam3CSK4-treated mice than in the untreated. Thus, in an allergic rhinitis mouse model developed with HDM, Pam3CSK4 was shown to exhibit an antiallergic effect, indicating its potential application in allergic diseases.     

（BN）n及SiB（n-1）Nn（n=2-11）稳定结构的研究

利用遗传算法及Gastreich提出的经验势函数,研究了（BN）n（n=2-11）和SiBn-1Nn（n=2-11）团簇的可能稳定结构,对能量较低的异构体在HF/STO-3G水平进行优化,得到了（BN）n（n=2-11）和SiBn-1Nn（n=2-11）团簇稳定结构单环及线状结构,并进一步分析了单环的结构特征及相对稳定性。     

A Novel Polymethyl Methacrylate （PMMA）TiO2 Nanocomposite and Its Thermal and Photic Stability

A new kind of polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA）-TiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized through polymerization. The thermal and photic stability of this PMMA TiO2 nanocomposites were investigated. The as prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, UV-Vis spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis （DTA） and the photo-induced weight loss, The results show that the photostability of the PMMA-TiO2 nanocomposite is higher than that of the pure PMMA under UV-light irradiation, The weight loss of the pure PMMA reaches 30 % after 300 h UVirradiation, while the composite only 0.3% under the identical experimental condition. The glass transition temperature （TR） of pure PMMA is only 80℃, while the Tg of the composite reaches 258℃. Compared with pure PMMA, the thermal stability of the composite is greatly enhanced.     

日本人的“ラち”、“そと”意识与日语的时态转换

从日本人的“ラち”、“そと”意识角度出发，通过对川端康成、志贺直哉的几部小说进行分析统计，探讨日语在描写过去的事件中，插入“内时态‘る’形”的条件和原因。分析发现当作者为了使作品更生动，或是作者与作品中人物产生“同感”时，或是表达作者的主观思想、评论时，往往发生时态的转换。     

聚丙烯酸接枝聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的表面性质及粘度性质的研究

聚丙烯酸接枝聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的表面有其特殊性质:水滴在其表面上形成的接触角基本上与其组成无关,而丙烯酸——甲基丙烯酸甲酯无规共聚物的表面接触角却与其组成有密切关系;接枝共聚物在DMF溶液中,其粘度表现出有趣的现象,说明了接枝共聚物在溶液中有微区现象和聚电解质性质     

微波合成PMMA胶乳粒子

在常压微波辐照下合成聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＰＭＭＡ）单分散的胶体微粒。体系中未加表面活性剂和稳定剂,在透射电镜下观察粒子的形状和直径大小,并得出在引发剂浓度一定的条件下,微粒的体积与单体的浓度呈现线性关系,为我们合成一定大小的超细微粒提供了选择的条件。功力学实验表明,微波场下反应速度大大加快,反应是突变的,无恒速阶段。     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯可聚合微乳液体系的研究

分别采用电导率仪、粘度计和折射仪测定了不同类型微乳液的结构变化.结果表明,在固定甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)/丙烯酸(AA)混合单体量的情况下,随着水相含量的增加,体系的电导率、粘度和折射率发生明显变化,体系由反相微乳液经双连续型微乳液逐渐转变为正相微乳液.对微乳液的粒度分析表明,油相含量较低时,正相微乳液体系中的液滴可视作溶胀胶束;在反相微乳液中,随着十二烷基硫酸钠水溶液含量的增加,水相液滴粒径明显增大;在MMA/AA/H2O无皂反相微乳液体系中,微乳液的粒子比有皂体系的大.最后,微乳液聚合表明过硫酸钾能够稳定引发正相微乳液聚合,同时Mn3+也可用于引发正相微乳液聚合.     

PMMA微管的模板法制备与形貌分析

采用模板合成技术，以阳极氧化铝膜为模板，通过化学聚合法制备管径为200nm，长为数微米的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）微管阵列。经红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）表征PMMA微管阵列的结构和形貌，结果显示PMMA微管具有与模板孔洞相似的形状、大小和排列，微管的壁厚为40～60nm；除管状结构外，还存在丝状和类似竹节状的结构；不同结构微管的形成与单体的充填程度有关。     

聚丙烯酸乙酯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物的合成

丙烯酸乙酯与2-溴丙烯酸乙酯乳液共聚合制备了聚(丙烯酸乙酯-co-2-溴丙烯酸乙酯)无规共聚物，用该共聚物作为原子转移自由基聚合的大分子引发剂，进行了甲基丙烯酸甲酯的接枝聚合，制备了聚丙烯酸乙酯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物。接枝共聚物的分子量随单体转化率的上升而线性增加。     

PP固相接枝及其结晶性能的研究

系统研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯与聚丙烯的固相接枝反应，探讨了反应温度，引发剂浓度，单体浓度和反应时间等因素对接枝反应的影响。采用红外光谱表征了ＰＰ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ，并用ＷＡＸＤ，结晶速率仪等研究了接枝物的结晶性能。