Exendin-4螺旋结构对生物活性及稳定性的影响

针对Exendin-4的螺旋结构特点, 采用去掉螺旋序列、 用3个连续Ala替换螺旋以及Gln13替换为Tyr13的方式对N端α-螺旋及C端α-螺旋进行改造, 设计出4个结构模拟物. 通过圆二光谱和荧光光谱进行结构分析, 结合模拟物生物活性实验, 分析Exendin-4螺旋结构与生物活性的关系. 结果表明：  Exendin-4的N端螺旋比C端螺旋对生物活性影响更大； 在抗二肽基肽酶（DPPⅣ酶）的稳定性实验中, C端螺旋比N端螺旋具有更好维系Exendin-4稳定性的作用； 螺旋结构中Tyr13可作为提高Exendin-4生物活性的重要优化位点.     

基于深度学习的中医古文献临床经验抽取

中医古文献蕴藏着丰富的临床经验，是古代中医在行医过程中对临床诊疗的经验性总结，体现了中医学形成和发展的理论框架和思想基础.然而这些宝贵的临床经验不仅量大，而且分散在不同的文献中，使得中医从业者手工很难快速全面地获取它们，文献检索工具也只能提供文档级别的信息筛选，无法为这种细粒度的信息获取提供支持.此外，古汉语相对于现代汉语的不同特点也限制了主流文本分析工具的使用效果.为此本文提出面向临床经验获取的中医古文献信息抽取任务，用于识别古文献中描述临床经验的文本片段，手工标注了样本数据用于这种抽取模型的训练和测试，并设计了基于深度学习的序列标注器用于完成该任务.考虑到标注数据量小可能带来的过度拟合问题，本文引入对抗训练和虚拟对抗训练来增强模型的泛化能力.一系列充分的实验验证了模型的有效性，表明利用信息抽取技术从古文献获取中医临床经验具有可行性，为这一新的信息抽取任务提供了有希望的研究基线和可复用的标注数据集.     

String theory,Einstein, and the identity of physics: Theory assessment in absence of the empirical

String theorists are certain that they are practicing physicists. Yet, some of their recent critics deny this. This paper argues that this conflict is really about who holds authority in making rational judgment in theoretical physics. At bottom, the conflict centers on the question: who is a proper physicist? To illustrate and understand the differing opinions about proper practice and identity, we discuss different appreciations of epistemic virtues and explanation among string theorists and their critics, and how these have been sourced in accounts of Einstein's biography. Just as Einstein is claimed by both sides, historiography offers examples of both successful and unsuccessful non-empirical science. History of science also teaches that times of conflict are often times of innovation, in which novel scholarly identities may come into being. At the same time, since the contributions of Thomas Kuhn historians have developed a critical attitude towards formal attempts and methodological recipes for epistemic demarcation and justification of scientific practice. These are now, however, being considered in the debate on non-empirical physics.     

高职生“学习参与度”对创新创业核心素养的影响机制研究

通过对523名高职学生进行实地调研,探析“学习参与度”对学生创新创业核心素养的影响机制。结果显示:课程建设、教师引导、资源支持对学习心理参与度影响显著;教师引导、资源支持、社会实践对学习行为参与度影响显著。学习参与度显著影响创业意识、创新精神、创业能力。提出优化对策:重视学生创新创业核心素养的培养;提高学生创新创业学习参与度;人际互动提升学习心理参与度;协同培育提高学习行为参与度。     

李雅普诺夫：逐梦唯美天空的俄罗斯数学家

 李雅普诺夫是圣彼得堡数学学派的中流砥柱，创立了运动稳定性理论、旋转液团平衡形状理论和微分方程定性理论，探索了概率论中心极限定理和一系列其他深刻数学力学问题，为俄罗斯跻身世界科技强国做出了卓越贡献。通过采撷李雅普诺夫的动人爱情诗篇和唯美科学奋斗目标，展示了其美丽的爱情观和追求卓越的科学精神、人生观和宇宙观。     

改进遗传算法及其在钻井液设计中的运用

在深井、超深井以及地层复杂等条件下，为了避免或减少钻井事故的发生，达到优质快速钻井的目的，选择合适的钻井液体系至关重要。基于案例推理（CBR，Case-Based Reasoning）的钻井液设计中，钻井液体系由岩性、井型和井深等属性推理得出，但属性权重的分配会对推理结果产生显著的影响；遗传算法在优化属性权重时，存在收敛速度慢、收敛精度低的缺点。针对上述问题，提出一种解决CBR中属性权重分配问题的改进遗传算法。首先，对遗传算子进行改进：选择算子方面，利用指数尺度变换法优化个体选择；交叉算子方面，对算术交叉中的比例因子进行自适应调整；变异算子方面，改进个体变异方向，保持种群多样性。其次，从个体适应度和交叉个体的差异程度两方面实现交叉概率自适应调整。最后，通过对UCI数据集的对比实验，证明了改进后的遗传算法能改善全局收敛性能，提高CBR的准确率。将该算法运用到基于CBR的钻井液设计中，实验结果表明，所提方法能够优化属性权重的分配，进而提高钻井液设计的质量。     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance in an ultrafine-grained Al–Mg–Si alloy fabricated utilizing a combination of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and dynamic aging were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the grain size of the ECAP alloy was significantly refined, i.e., to ~239 nm after three ECAP passes. Meanwhile, the yield and tensile strength of the ECAPed material reached 340 MPa and 445 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a significant uniform elongation of 14%. Wear resistance results demonstrated that the wear rate, wear depth and width of the ECAPed material decreased in comparison with the solution-treated (SST) and peak-aged (T6) conditions under a load range of 5–25 N. The adhesive wear that occurs in the undeformed specimens at 10 N does not appear in the ECAPed specimen at the same load, indicating that the ECAPed specimen delay the appearance of more serious wear mechanisms under certain loads. The cooperative interaction of high density nano-scale β" precipitates and dislocations resulted in a combination of super-high strength and good work hardening ability which suppressed the extension of cracks between the friction layer and the plastic deformation zone. As a consequence, the combination of ECAP and dynamic aging brings a significant improvement for antifriction performance of the 6061 aluminum alloy.     

基于Web of Science的河北大学科研论文统计分析

以Web of Science数据库为文献来源，利用文献计量学的方法，从文献年收录量、文献类型、语种、学科分布、作者分布、合作情况、来源期刊和引用情况等方面，对Web of Science收录河北大学2004—2013年的科研论文进行统计分析，结果表明：河北大学近10年来被Web of Science数据库收录的文献数量和被引频次呈现逐年上升的趋势，在化学、物理学、动物学和数学方面具有一定的科研能力和影响力，但同时应注重国际合作交流和文献的质量。     

从作者性别批评视角看简·爱和吕蓓卡的人物形象差异

简·爱与《名利场》中的女主角吕蓓卡是英国维多利亚时期文学中两个具有同样独立反叛意识但被作者赋予不同命运结局的女人。从作者的性别视角去解读这两个传统女性形象的本质差异,能看出男女作者对女性反抗压迫行为的不同理解和价值判断,并能更好地发掘出被别的批评视角忽略或误读的文本内涵。     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and properties of a novel Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy for oil drilling

In view of the special requirements for strength, heat resistance and corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy for oil drilling, the Al-6.2 Zn-2.5 Mg-1.6 Cu alloy was prepared by increasing Cu content on basis of Russian Series 1953 alloy. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and properties of the alloy was characterized by optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM), and investigated by tensile test at room temperature, thermal exposure test and corrosion test. The results show that the strength after T6 aging treatment exhibit a decrease trend as an increase of the solution temperature from465 °C to 480 °C. After the solution treated by the rate of 470 °C/1 h, second phases dissolve into the matrix very well and the strength property reaches optimum. The alloy has better comprehensive properties treated by a solution treatment of 470 °C/1 h and then followed by an aging treatment of 120 °C/24 h + 170 °C/1 h + 120 °C/24 h. Under the aging state, the precipitated phases inside the grains are suitable in size, while on the grain boundary distribute discontinuously and the precipitate-free zone is obvious. Besides, the alloy still maintain high tensile properties. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation are 650 MPa, 686 MPa,12.0%, respectively. The yield strength retention after heat exposure is 92%. The alloy has good corrosion resistance and the exfoliation corrosion degree. The average corrosion rate in the H_2S and CO_2 environment is 0.0024 mm/a, which is far less than the required 0.12 mm/a. It is insensitive to H_2S and CO_2 environments.