雄激素与鼠类的社会行为

雄激素引起的社会行为包括杀婴行为、攻击行为、交配行为和社会识别行为等 ,雄激素首先引起脑结构的性差 ,是雌雄个体社会行为发生差异的基础 .雄激素引起的杀婴行为目前还有争议 ,多数学者认为还与孕酮有关 ;雄激素引起的攻击行为还受年龄、生殖状态 (泌乳时期 )、婚配制度、父本扶养还是母本扶养等各种因素的影响 ;雄激素引起的交配行为、社会识别行为还与化学感觉系统有关 ,社会识别主要由抗利尿激素依赖雄激素而产生 .     

微尾鼩的求偶与交配行为

2005年春季对池内饲养的成体微尾鼩的发情行为进行了观察研究,结果表明微尾鼩交配期可持续3-5d,交配行为多发生在21∶00-01∶00时,每晚可交配10±2次.发情期雄体活跃雌体少动,发情行为主要分为绕嗅、咬颈、爬跨、交配等过程,其中咬颈行为存在于交配的全过程,对交配活动能否成功地完成起着重要作用.交配过程中雌体有逃避、攻击等反交配行为,但雄体却表现出强烈的交配欲望,二者对外来雄体表现出强烈的敌对性而对外来雌体的反应却十分冷淡,交配的持续时间与该次交配前的间隔休息时间无必然联系,而与雌体的反交配行为的强弱有很大关系.     

Reproductive ecology of the glass frog Espadarana prosoblepon (Anura: Centrolenidae) in an urban forest of the Central Andes of Colombia

Population and reproductive behaviour aspects of the glass frog Espadarana prosoblepon are well known for populations from Central America, but similar information is lacking for populations from South America. We recorded the reproductive ecology of a population of the glass frog E. prosoblepon in the city of Armenia, Central Andes of Colombia. With weekly surveys with mark-recapture between December 2013 and November 2015, we monitored activity patterns and evaluated if the probability of males mating is associated to their body size or to chorus tenure (i.e. the number of nights a same individual is calling for attracting a mate). In addition, upon observing an amplexus, we recorded the behaviour of the individuals until oviposition and noted characteristics of egg clutch. We recorded 47 males and 32 females, nine amplexus events, eight ovipositions, and 21 egg clutches (35.4 ± 4.79 eggs per clutch, N = 29). Activity of males and females and the number of egg clutches were positively correlated to rainfall. Mating success of males was not associated to their body size, but it was positively associated to longer chorus tenure; clutches from large females had a higher number of eggs than clutches from small females. Oviposition occurred on average 3.76 ± 1.74 hours after we first observed the amplexus, occurring 93.1% of the time in fronds of Selaginella geniculata at an average height of 1.58 ± 0.44 m. After the oviposition, the male left the site, while the female remained between 30 and 45 min, partially covering the eggs. The reproductive behaviour of E. prosoblepon did not vary widely between a population in Costa Rica and our population in time to oviposition, and mating success of males associated to chorus tenure; however, in our study population we recorded a larger clutch size and the preference for S. geniculata fronds as oviposition substrate.     

一类带移民两性分支过程的灭绝条件

讨论一类带移民两性分支过程.介绍这种两性分支过程模型,给出该过程平均增长率的定义,并讨论其存在性,最后利用马氏链、离散鞅论、两性分支过程的相关结论得到该过程以概率1灭绝的充分必要条件是其平均增长率小于等于1.     

The puparia of some West African species of Mepachymerus and Steleocerellus (Diptera: Chloropidae)

The puparia of two species of Mepachymerus and three species of Steleocerellus (Diptera: Chloropidae, Chloropinae), reared from wild grasses in West Africa, are described.     

白冠长尾雉繁殖习性的观察

白冠长尾雉是我国特产珍贵野生鸟类之一,属国家一类保护动物。通过实地观察,本文对白冠长尾雄的求偶、产卵、鸟巢、孵卵、育雏等习性作了记录和分析,取得了真实数据。这对拯救和研究白冠长尾雉这个濒危物种具有重要意义,同时也为人工饲养和繁殖白冠长尾雉的科研工作提供了第一手资料。     

对扩展树证明的可靠性与完全性的简化证明(英文)

本文对扩展树给出一个不同的证明．它的长度比起Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ的证明要简短得多，而且改正了 Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ证明中的某些错误。     

锯缘青蟹生殖肢腺体的结构与功能

青蟹雄性腹肢具有生殖肢腺体(GTG).雄性第一腹肢向末端逐渐变成一细薄的弯曲突起.腺体主要集中于腹肢距基部长度的2/5处,即第二腹肢入口处的附近,末端也有少量分布.腺体在组织学上和玫瑰状的皮腺相似,群绕着射精管腔.经染色表明腺体含有中性粘多糖(NMPS)和酸性粘多糖(AMPS),同一批腺体,甚至同一个腺体两种类型糖类的染色状况有异.腺体由分泌细胞和管细胞组成,管细胞含有一导管,多个导管形成网络.导管末端通向交接器内壁表皮开孔处,孔径约为2.5～3.5 μm,这些孔通向交接器管腔,孔中及开口处分泌物的染色性质和腺体中相似.第二腹肢也具有腺体,但分布较少,且不太集中.GTG分泌物可能具有几个复杂的功能,其中低粘度的NMPS可能有助于加速强粘性精液通过狭窄的交接器管腔作用,而高粘度的AMPS功能则更为复杂.     

圆弧齿轮副轴线误差对传动精度的影响

根据圆弧齿轮啮合原理,在深入研究圆弧齿轮传动副轴线误差与传动误差之间关系的基础上,推导出由齿轮副轴线平行度误差导致传动误差的定量表达式,用该表达式可方便地计算出相关误差值.     

Sexual isolation betweenDrosophila melanogaster females andD. simulans males. Male mating propensities versus success in hybridization

Genetic variation has been found in males of aD. simulans population for their eagerness to hybridize withD. melanogaster females. In a search for traits involved in this hybridization, males ofD. simulans were tested for mating speed and sexual vigour. Between-male differences were detected in both sexual traits, but no relationship was noticed between them, nor with the frequency of hybridization. Thus male mating propensities appear to be unrelated to the breakdown of sexual isolation between these sibling species.