针刺对胸内肿瘤化学疗法中自由基等指标的影响

恶性肿瘤的化学疗法会产生自由基升高和白细胞数目降低等副作用,临床表现恶心、呕吐、厌食、疲乏等症状。 本文应用针刺“足三里”、“阴陵泉”、“内关”等穴位配合化学疗法,结果血中脂质过氧化物(LPO)降低,白细胞增多、消化道症状和疲乏感降低,这说明针刺疗法可作为化学疗法的重要支持手段。 针刺降低自由基的原理估计是激发了体内降解酶的作用。     

顺铂联合白细胞介素-2治疗恶性胸腔积液32例

目的：探讨胸腔注入顺铂（DDP）联合白细胞介素-2（IL-2）治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效。方法：58例患者均病理确诊为恶性胸腔积液，随机分为二组，治疗组（32例）在胸腔内注入DDP，白细胞介素-2，对照组（26例）在胸腔内注A．DDP，两组均在1周及2周后各重复注药1次，共3次，观察疗效，毒副反应及生活质量。结果：治疗组总有效率为84．4％，对照组57．7％，差异有显著性（P〈0．015）。治疗组Kamofsky评分〉70分者较对照组有显著提高（P〈0．05），两组在毒性反应上无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：顺铂白介素-2胸腔灌注能有效控制恶性胸腔积液，毒副作用少，联合疗效肯定。     

Function analysis of a semi-dwarf sdg in rice with near isogenic lines

The physiological phenotype of the rice semi-dwarf mutant,sdg,was characterized in details using a pair of near isogenic .Neither gibberellin*deficient nor gibberellin-insensitive is characteristic of the sdgphenotype.Byanalyzing the secretion of aamylas and the promotion of stem growth caused by eogenous gibberellin(GA),the sdg plant was found to have decreased sensitivity to the GA at the seedling stage. The dwarfism stature of the sdg mutant can be attributed to the shortened internodes. Increase of the cell sults indicate the protein encded by the wild type gene of sdg may be a regulator for cell elogation.     

恶性肿瘤中IGFBP-rP1的抑癌基因作用机制及其可能的临床实用价值

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白相关蛋白1(IGFBP-rP1)是近年来恶性肿瘤的研究热点.本文主要综述IGFBP-rP1在恶性肿瘤中的抑癌基因作用机制及可能的临床实用价值.IGFBP-rP1在恶性肿瘤中的作用广泛涉及细胞的增殖、衰老、凋亡、分化、血管生成等多方面,研究指出IGFBP-rP1可缩短细胞增殖周期并影响非停泊性生长从而抑制增殖,降低致瘤能力;调节BRAF-MEKERK信号通路及pRB、HSP60等相关蛋白的表达从而影响衰老及凋亡;主要通过IGF依赖方式抑制血管生成;而且IGFBP-rP1表达下降跟肿瘤细胞分化程度降低有关.研究显示IGFBP-rP1有一定的临床实用价值,如其表达量跟恶性肿瘤的进展相关,低表达提示某些化疗药物抵抗,可提示预后.而在恶性肿瘤中特异性地上调IGFBP-rP1,可抑制肿瘤增殖及血管生成、诱导细胞衰老凋亡、提高肿瘤分化程度及化疗敏感性,具有治疗意义,但研究者们还在努力探究,争取早日找到一种临床有效的靶向IGFBP-rP1的基因治疗方法.     

模拟酸雨对小黑杨幼苗生长和光合特性的影响

目的 研究小黑杨(Populus simonii × P. nigra)幼苗生长、生理特性和叶片光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)活性对酸雨胁迫的响应情况,为其在酸雨沉降日趋频发的北方地区栽植提供参考。方法 以小黑杨为研究材料,对其连续喷施不同酸度[pH为2.5、4.5和7.0(CK)]的模拟酸雨,待小黑杨叶片出现明显病症时,测定其生长、叶片超微结构、抗氧化酶和光系统Ⅱ活性指标。结果 与对照相比,pH 4.5的模拟酸雨处理下小黑杨株高、茎粗、叶片数和叶面积显著增加;叶片颜色变浅绿色,但叶绿体结构紧凑,类囊体排列规则,未见淀粉粒,嗜锇滴数量略增多。而pH 2.5模拟酸雨处理的小黑杨幼苗茎粗和叶面积显著降低;叶片颜色变黄、叶尖和叶脉出现明显斑点,且细胞膜局部破损,叶绿体体积增大,类囊体间隙增大,可见少量淀粉粒,嗜锇滴数量和体积明显增加。模拟酸雨处理的小黑杨叶片中超氧阴离子 {\mathrm{O}}_2^{\stackrel{-}{\underset{·}{\mathrm{}}}}产生速率、过氧化氢(H₂O₂)含量和过氧化氢酶活性较CK显著增加,且酸度越大,增幅越大;而过氧化物酶活性和超氧化物歧化酶活性随酸度的增大表现为先升后降。其中,pH 2.5模拟酸雨处理杨树叶片的可变荧光强度(V_L、V_K、V_J、V_I)和诱导曲线初始斜率(M_O)显著高于CK,但叶绿素荧光曲线面积(Fix Area)和质体醌库的大小(S_m)显著低于CK。pH 4.5模拟酸雨处理中,仅V_L和V_K显著高于CK,而其他荧光参数与CK差异不显著。结论 酸雨对小黑杨生长的影响主要取决于其pH,pH 2.5模拟酸雨处理抑制小黑杨生长,并且叶片出现坏死斑点症状时,叶绿体结构异常,类囊体排列不规整,光系统Ⅱ电子传递受到抑制;而pH 4.5模拟酸雨处理促进小黑杨生长、叶片超微结构表现正常,小黑杨幼苗对pH 4.5酸雨沉降具有一定抗性。     

30例原发闭经患者的遗传学分析

对30例原发闭经患者的遗传学分析,认为 X 染色体短臂缺失是导致身高和性腺发育不全的重要原因.并讨论了核型与表型的关系,认为对性腺组织的染色体核型分析有助于病因的探索.     

Chemotherapy and immunotherapy of malignant glioma: molecular mechanisms and clinical perspectives

Despite the considerable progress in modern tumor therapy, the prognosis for patients with glioblastoma, the most frequent malignant brain tumor, has not been substantially improved. Although cytoreductive surgery and radiotherapy are the mainstays of treatment for malignant glioma at present, novel cytotoxic drugs and immunotherapeutic approaches hold great promise as effective weapons against these malignancies. Thus, great efforts are being made to enhance antitumoral efficacy by combining various cytotoxic agents, by novel routes of drug administration, or by combining anticancer drugs and immune modulators. Immunotherapeutic approaches include cytotoxic cytokines, targeted antibodies, and vaccination strategies. However, the success of most of these experimental therapies is prevented by the marked molecular resistance of glioma cells to diverse cytotoxic agents or by glioma-associated immunosuppression. One promising experimental strategy to target glioma is the employment of death ligands such as CD95 (Fas/Apo1) ligand or Apo2 ligand (TRAIL). Specific proapoptotic approaches may overcome many of the obvious obstacles to a satisfactory management of malignant brain tumors. Received 8 March 1999; received after revision 27 May 1999; accepted 14 June 1999     

寒兰、墨兰花的表型结构分析

对寒兰(Cymbidium kanran)、墨兰(Cymbidium sinense)的花表型结构物征中所占比例较大的10个性状进行测量,分析寒兰与墨兰各种性状之间的频数分布与相关关系。分析得出花的各性状的变异系数相对较小、性状相对稳定,可作为分类学的依据。