葡萄糖氧化酶多层膜修饰电极的电化学性能的研究

利用层接层自组装法,制备出有序且稳定的葡萄糖氧化酶的多层膜.应用电化学方法和XRD方法研究了膜修饰电极的电化学传感性能.结果表明:该传感器具有较好的重现性和稳定性,传感器对葡萄糖的响应非常迅速;每次加入葡萄糖后,电极的电流响应会随之出现跳跃性增大,酶电极达到96%,稳态电流响应的时间仅为3 s;灵敏度可以通过合理地调解多层膜的厚度来控制.     

以胶体粒子为模板制备含磁药物胶囊

以低度交联的单分散三聚氰胺甲醛(M F)微球作为胶体模板,采用层层静电自组装技术,交替组装带正电的聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDDA)和带负电的聚4-苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS),得到具有核壳结构的复合微球,然后利用盐酸溶液将模板M F微球溶解,制得均匀的空腔胶囊。在N aC l浓度为0.7 m o l/L,pH<3时,将抗癌药物盐酸多柔米星(DOX)和磁流体同时封装到聚电解质胶囊中,可得到含磁药物胶囊,磁性粒子分散在胶囊的壳层和空腔内。该含磁药物胶囊具有良好的磁响应性和药物缓释性。     

Effect of density of hydrogen-bonding donor on hydrogen-bonded multilayer buildup

The effect of density of hydrogen-bonding donor （HBD） on the formation of layer-by-layer assemblies of poly（4-vinylpyridine） and poly（4-vinylphenol） was investigated. For this purpose, a series of ethyl-substituted poly（4-vinylphenol） （EsPVPhf） with variable ethyl substitute percentage was synthesized by grafting the phenol moiety along the poly（4-vinylphenol） backbone with 1-bromoethane. UV-vis spectroscopy revealed a uniform deposition process of the hydrogen-bonded multilayer consisting of poly（4- vinylpyridine） （PVPy） and EsPVPhf with variable density of HBD. Notably, it was found that increasing the HBD density of EsPVPhf resulted in a marked decrease of both amount of polymers adsorbed and film thickness, which should be related to the EsPVPhf conformation change from coiled state to extended conformation in ethanol solution. Compared with the effect of charge density in polyelectrolyte multUayer, however, there does not exist a critical density of HBD in our case of hydrogen-bonded multilayer assembly. In addition, surface structures of PVPy/EsPVPhf multilayer films also can be tailored controllably by adjusting HBD density of EsPVPhf. As a result, a new method for tuning the structure of hydrogen-bonding-directed multilayer films was developed.     

基于灵敏度阻抗矩阵修正法的分层前推回代潮流算法

分布式电源(DG)接入配电网对潮流产生重要影响.本文分析了潮流计算中各种分布式电源模型及处理方法,引入灵敏度阻抗矩阵修正法更新PV节点的注入无功功率,结合辐射型配电网的特点,提出一种基于灵敏度阻抗矩阵修正法的分层前推回代潮流算法.该算法解决了前推回代潮流算法处理PV节点失效的问题,同时适用于含各类分布式电源的潮流计算.最后对含各种类型分布式电源的IEEE 33节点配电网进行潮流计算仿真,仿真结果验证了提出算法的有效性和快速性,并通过不同算例验证了算法的稳定性.     

基于逐层演化的群体智能算法优化

为能彻底解决群体智能算法早熟问题的同时保持原算法主体不变且可与现有优化理论协同优化,在前期仿真实验和理论证明的基础上,提出了一种逐层演化的改进策略.利用在原算法中构建基于搜索空间压缩理论的自适应系统,通过逐层的压缩、选择、再初始化的操作,以包括压缩后搜索空间在内的社会信息作为遗传知识,指导寻优过程,从而实现最终解精度的提升、避免早熟问题的出现.对基准函数进行仿真实验可以看出该策略在提升算法精度,增强后期个体活性方面具有良好的表现.     

Dispersion relation and energy allotment of eigenmode of layer-by-layer photonic crystal

The photonic crystal of layer-by-layer(LBL) structure is discussed in this paper.The structure of LBL photonic crystal is body-centered tetragonal (b.c.t)rather than face-centered tetragonal(f.c.t.)For the LBL photonic crystal of f.e.c or b.c.c lattice,to obtain the fulll information on its Brillouin zone,the calculation of three restricted volumes is needed and our calculation result agrees well with the experiment.The allotments of optical fields of eigenmodes in a dielectric material are also calculated.In the dielectric material,for the eigenmode at the bottom of the forbidden gap,electric field takes a larger fraction of the whole energy than magnetic field,while for the eigenmode at the top of the forbidden gap,allotment of energy is just the other way round.     

层-层自组装技术的发展与应用

对国内外层-层自组装技术的发展和应用进行了综述,总结了静电力、氢键等自组装方法的特点;较为详细地介绍了自组装多层超薄膜和中空微胶囊的制备方法和表征手段,并阐述了它们在电子、光学器件、分离、催化、模拟细胞行为和药物缓释、生物反应器和生物传感器等方面的应用;最后就这一新兴技术的发展前景作了展望.     

A novel water-soluble anionic conjugated copolymer containing poly（p-phenylene vinylene） segments： Copolymer synthesis and multilayer construction by assembling poly（diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride）

This paper reports the synthesis of a water soluble conjugated polymer poly（p-phenylene vinyleneco-sodium methacrylate） （ws-P（PV-co-SMA）） and the multilayer of the derived copolymer assembling poly（diallyl dimethyl ammanium chloride） （PDDA）. The self-assembling process of the multilayer was monitored by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and the data indicated a linear increase in film thickness with a number of ws-P（PV-co-SMA）/PDDA bilayers. The alternative deposition of ws-P （PV-co-SMA） and PDDA allowed the insertion of a non-conjugated layer between the conjugated layers, thus the migration of the photogenerated polarons was effectively confined in the isolated ws-P （PV-co-SMA） chains. Consequently, the photoluminescence quantum yield reached 0.68, 30 times higher than that of pure poly（p-phenylen vinylene）. The distinct electronic interactions between conjugated segments were confirmed by comparative analyses of the excitation spectra and time-resolved photoluminescence spectra of ws-P（PV-co-SMA） solid film and the assembled multilayers. The confinement effect of the PDDA layer on the photogenerated carriers was verified by the surface photovoltage spectroscopic measurement on both ws-P（PV-co-SMA） solid film and self-assembled multilayers.     

木素磺酸盐在纸浆纤维表面的层层自组装及其疏水改性功能

利用木素磺酸盐 (LS) 与Cu2+层层自组装的方式对纸浆纤维进行了表面修饰，并研究了表面润湿性的变化。X射线光电子能谱证明了纤维表面S和Cu的含量随着LS与Cu2+ 的交替组装而增加，这说明LS和Cu2+在纤维表面的层层自组装是可行的。原子力显微镜对纤维表面的研究表明，随着层层自组装的进行，纤维表面的微细纤维逐渐被木素致密覆盖；表面木素的增加致使相图的平均相位逐渐增大，说明了表面疏水性的提高。通过测定动态接触角发现，纤维的初始接触角随着自组装层数的增加而增大，且一定时间(0.08s)内接触角的下降速率在减小。当组装5层木素后，纤维表面的初始接触角由0°提高至104.8°，0.08s 后下降至78.9°，表面由高度亲水性变为具有一定疏水性。通过控制SL自组装的层数可以有效且可控地实现纸浆纤维的疏水改性。     

球体表面单壁碳纳米管/聚电解质层层自组装研究

通过经典的层层自组装方法将单壁碳纳米管组装在聚苯乙烯球体表面.实验过程中先通过原位聚合的方法分别制备带正电和负电的单壁碳纳米管/聚电解质的复合材料.在制备过程中选择温和的接枝方式从而最大程度地保留单壁碳纳米管的大π共轭体系和长度.测试结果表明在每一层的循环中有相同量的单壁碳纳米管吸附.对平面和球体上碳纳米管薄膜的生长机...