NFT栽培下不同营养液对提高蔬菜营养的作用

在营养液膜技术（ＮｕｔｒｉｅｎｔＦｉｌｍＴｅｃｈｉｎｉｑｕｅ简称ＮＦＴ）栽培下，研究不同营养液配方对蔬菜的生理效应和提高某些元素的作用．试验结果表明，在一定的浓度范围内增加营养液中的氮素营养，可促使植株氮素的吸收，加速氮素代谢，促进硝酸还原酶的活力及叶片总氮量的增加．适当增加营养液中Ｚｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃａ的含量，可促进植株对Ｚｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃａ的吸收，从而提高植株内人体所必需的微量元素含量，培养优质、富营养卫生的保健蔬菜．     

层流剪切力对悬浮培养红豆杉细胞HMGR酶基因转录的影响

以HMGR酶基因为研究对象,采用实时荧光RT-PCR技术,研究了Couette式反应器中0．3 Pa层流剪切力作用后悬浮培养的对数期东北红豆杉细胞HMGR酶基因转录情况．结果显示,在对数生长时期,未经剪切处理的悬浮培养虹豆杉细胞HMGR基因转录水平呈增长趋势,而剪切处理后的悬浮培养红豆杉细胞HMGR基因转录水平则基本保持不变．同时,对相应细胞生物量的测定结果也显示出类似的变化．以上结果说明在对数生长时期施加一定强度的剪切力,将使细胞生长发生停滞,谊生长停滞现象可能与因剪切所引起的HMGR基因转录水平下降有一定相关性．     

高产木糖醇酵母菌的筛选鉴定及两级法发酵特性

从300多种土壤样品中进行筛选,最终得到10株可耐受300 g/L木糖的酵母菌株,且其木糖醇转化率超过64.0%.其中酵母菌株SB18在150 g/L木糖下的木糖醇转化率为68.5%,为相同条件下转化率最大的菌株,并经18SrDNA测序鉴定为热带假丝酵母.酶活测定结果显示SB18木糖还原酶主要依赖辅因子还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH),其酶活性远大于木糖醇脱氢酶活性.对SB18进行两级法发酵条件研究,确定补充氮源为尿素和酵母提取物,接种量为0.5 g/L,转速转换时间为36 h.在此条件下由250 g/L木糖摇瓶发酵252 h得到207.65 g/L木糖醇,转化率为83.1%,达到理论值的91.8%.本研究表明酵母菌SB18在高浓度木糖醇的工业生产中具有很大的应用潜力.     

Diversity in enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductases

The enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (ENR) is the last enzyme in the fatty acid elongation cycle. Unlike most enzymes in this essential pathway, ENR displays an unusual diversity among organisms. The growing interest in ENRs is mainly due to the fact that a variety of both synthetic and natural antibacterial compounds are shown to specifically target their activity. The primary anti-tuberculosis drug, isoniazid, and the broadly used antibacterial compound, triclosan, both target this enzyme. In this review, we discuss the diversity of ENRs, and their inhibitors in the light of current research progress. Received 3 November 2008; received after revision 5 December 2008; accepted 8 December 2008     

Digoxin and ouabain increase the synthesis of cholesterol in human liver cells

Digoxin and ouabain are steroid drugs that inhibit the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, and are widely used in the treatment of heart diseases. They may also have additional effects, such as on metabolism of steroid hormones, although until now no evidence has been provided about the effects of these cardioactive glycosides on the synthesis of cholesterol. Here we report that digoxin and ouabain increased the synthesis of cholesterol in human liver HepG2 cells, enhancing the activity and the expression of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), the rate-limiting enzyme of the cholesterol synthesis. This effect was mediated by the binding of the sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) to the HMGCR promoter, and was lost in cells silenced for SREBP-2 or loaded with increasing amounts of cholesterol. Digoxin and ouabain competed with cholesterol for binding to the SREBP-cleavage-activating protein, and are critical regulators of cholesterol synthesis in human liver cells. Received 10 January 2009; received after revision 11 February 2009; accepted 6 March 2009     

不同耐肥性的小麦品种幼苗硝酸还原酶、过氧化物酶活力及同功酶的研究

在不同耐肥性的6个小麦品种幼苗中,硝酸还原酶(NR)活力差异显著,耐肥性弱的品种NR活力高,活力是负相关关系。过氧化物酶活力,耐肥性强的高于耐肥性弱的。根据聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离出的过氧化物酶的同工酶谱,耐肥性强的品种均有8条酶带,且着色深,耐肥性弱的品种则有7条,着色较浅。此外通过根系活力测定,耐肥性强的低于耐肥性弱的品种,而叶绿素含量则高于耐肥性弱的品种。     

三十烷醇对春小麦的生理效应

本文探讨了三十烷醇对春小麦品种赛洛斯的生理效应,试验研究说明:三十烷醇对春小麦的生长量、叶绿素含量、硝酸还原酶和性细胞透性方面,均有明显的生理效应,为在大田应用三十烷醇提供了一定的理论依据。从试验选定的三个处理浓度试验结果比较来看,以0.5ppm为最佳。     

Plant thioredoxins: the multiplicity conundrum

Thioredoxins are small proteins distinguished by the presence of a conserved dicysteine active site. In oxidized thioredoxin, the two cysteines form a disulfide bond that is targeted by the enzyme thioredoxin reductase. Together with an electron donor, thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase form the 'thioredoxin system' that is present in all organisms. Thioredoxins participate in dithiol/disulfide exchange reactions with a large range of cellular substrates. Higher plants possess a very complex thioredoxin profile consisting of at least two different thioredoxin systems that contain distinct, multigenic thioredoxin classes which have different intracellular localizations. In this review we summarise the current state of knowledge regarding the function of plant thioredoxins representing all systems and classes. Received 30 October 2001; received after revision 13 December 2001; accepted 17 December 2001     

宁夏区内抗旱牧草硝酸还原酶活力的比较研究

采用硝酸还原酶活力测定的活体法,对宁夏区内5种豆科抗旱牧草营养期的叶、茎、木质部中硝酸还原酶(NR)活力进行了分析.结果表明,在营养期,同一牧草的不同部位其NR活力有一定差异,叶>茎>木质部;不同牧草的NR活力也存在显著差异,羊柴>紫花苜蓿>沙打旺>柠条>胡枝子.