Short‐term salmon price forecasting

This study establishes a benchmark for short‐term salmon price forecasting. The weekly spot price of Norwegian farmed Atlantic salmon is predicted 1–5 weeks ahead using data from 2007 to 2014. Sixteen alternative forecasting methods are considered, ranging from classical time series models to customized machine learning techniques to salmon futures prices. The best predictions are delivered by k‐nearest neighbors method for 1 week ahead; vector error correction model estimated using elastic net regularization for 2 and 3 weeks ahead; and futures prices for 4 and 5 weeks ahead. While the nominal gains in forecast accuracy over a naïve benchmark are small, the economic value of the forecasts is considerable. Using a simple trading strategy for timing the sales based on price forecasts could increase the net profit of a salmon farmer by around 7%.     

Metabonomic analysis of hepatitis B virus-induced liver failure： identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers by fuzzy support vector machine

Hepatitis B virus （HBV）-induced liver failure is an emergent liver disease leading to high mortality. The severity of liver failure may be reflected by the profile of some metabolites. This study assessed the potential of using metabolites as biomarkers for liver failure by identifying metabolites with good discriminative performance for its phenotype. The serum samples from 24 HBV-indueed liver failure patients and 23 healthy volunteers were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） to generate metabolite profiles. The 24 patients were further grouped into two classes according to the severity of liver failure. Twenty-five eommensal peaks in all metabolite profiles were extracted, and the relative area values of these peaks were used as features for each sample. Three algorithms, F-test, k-nearest neighbor （KNN） and fuzzy support vector machine （FSVM） combined with exhaustive search （ES）, were employed to identify a subset of metabolites （biomarkers） that best predict liver failure. Based on the achieved experimental dataset, 93.62% predictive accuracy by 6 features was selected with FSVM-ES and three key metabolites, glyeerie acid, cis-aeonitie acid and citric acid, are identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers.     

基于模糊C-均值聚类的缺失数据填充方法

针对缺失数据的有效填充问题，提出利用模糊C-均值聚类（FCM）算法的隶属度矩阵作为待填数据的加权权重.首先使用同一属性均值对缺失数据作预填充，再进行FCM以得到每个类别的隶属度矩阵，最后用该矩阵作为权重去乘以每个类别的属性均值，得到最终的填充数据.在UCI数据实验中，将FCM填充算法与k近邻（KNN）填充算法作对比分析，结果表明，FCM填充得到的均方根误差总体小于KNN填充.     

外包空间数据库的完整性保证机制

存储在云计算服务提供商上的用户数据可能被篡改或删除,查询完整性验证方案的作用是确保查询用户能够验证查询结果中的数据是真实的且包含所有满足条件的数据.本文在现有验证树结构基础上进行改进,提出了一种空间验证数据结构VSS-tree.利用SS-tree作为基本结构并为其附加验证信息,采用边界球进行区域划分增大了节点的度,有效降低了验证树的高度,并避免了不必要的磁盘访问,从而提高了空间查询验证的处理效率.实验结果表明,该方案比MR-tree具有更好的性能.     

基于共享最近邻密度的演化数据流聚类算法

现有的基于密度的数据流聚类算法难于发现密度不同的簇,难于区分由若干数据对象桥接的簇和离群点.本文提出了一种基于共享最近邻密度的演化数据流聚类算法.在此算法中,基于共享最近邻图定义了共享最近邻密度,结合数据对象被类似的最近邻对象包围的程度和被其周围对象需要的程度这两个环境因素,使聚类结果不受密度变化的影响.定义了数据对象的平均距离和簇密度,以识别离群点和簇间的桥接.设计了滑动窗口模型下数据流更新算法,维护共享最近邻图中簇的更新.理论分析和实验结果验证了算法的聚类效果和聚类质量.     

融合标签相似度的 k 近邻 Slope One 算法

Slope One 协同过滤算法被广泛应用于个性化推荐系统中。标签是一种描述项目特性的重要形式,针对Slope One 算法推荐精度不足的问题,将标签信息融合到 Slope One 算法当中。同时参考 k 近邻算法思想,选取阈值过滤后的 k 近邻项目参与平均评分偏差计算,提高计算效率的同时增加预测精度。使用评分相似度和标签相似度作为权重修正线性回归模型。通过线性加权融合预测结果,进一步提升推荐质量。将算法应用于 MovieLens 数据集,与传统加权 Slope One 算法相比,平均绝对偏差下降4．8％,召回率和准确率分别提高32．1％和26．3％。     

一种基于PCA的时间序列异常检测方法

在 k-近邻局部异常检测算法的基础上,采用基于主成分分析的多元时间序列的降维方法,依据累积贡献率选择主成分序列,给出了一种效率较高的多元时间序列异常检测算法.实验结果表明:该算法可以较好地提高多元时间序列异常检测的效率     

基于度量学习的邻域k凸包集成方法

k局部凸包分类方法通过改进k近邻算法在处理小样本问题时的决策边界而显著提高分类性能,k子凸包分类方法通过克服k凸包分类对类数和样本环状分布的敏感性而改善了分类性能。但是,该方法仍然对样本距离度量方法敏感,并且在k邻域内不同类的样本数经常严重失衡,导致分类性能下降。针对上述问题,文章提出了一种邻域k凸包分类方法,并通过引入距离度量学习和集成学习技术来提高算法对样本空间度量的鲁棒性。大量实验表明,文中提出的基于度量学习的邻域k凸包集成方法具有显著的分类性能优势。     

A KNN-based two-step fuzzy clustering weighted algorithm for WLAN indoor positioning

Although k-nearest neighbors (KNN) is a popular fingerprint match algorithm for its simplicity and accuracy,because it is sensitive to the circumstances,a fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm is applied to improve it.Thus,a KNN-based two-step FCM weighted (KTFW) algorithm for indoor positioning in wireless local area networks (WLAN) is presented in this paper.In KTFW algorithm,k reference points (RPs) chosen by KNN are clustered through FCM based on received signal strength (RSS) and location coordinates.The right clusters are chosen according to rules,so three sets of RPs are formed including the set of k RPs chosen by KNN and are given different weights.RPs supposed to have better contribution to positioning accuracy are given larger weights to improve the positioning accuracy.Simulation results indicate that KTFW generally outperforms KNN and its complexity is greatly reduced through providing initial clustering centers for FCM.     

基于共空间模式和K近邻分类器的脑-机接口信号分类方法

脑-机接口是指在人脑和计算机之间建立的直接的交流和控制通道,它以脑电信号的形式反映人的意识,并转换成控制信号.针对两类运动想象脑电信号的分类问题,提出共空间模式和小波包分解相结合的脑电信号特征提取方法.利用不同小波包对训练集的多路脑电信号进行分解,再用共空间模式算法对不同分解层子带的脑电信号进行特征提取,并采用K近邻分类器对提取到的不同特征进行分类,得到最优小波包函数和小波包子带参数.将结果应用于测试集数据的分类.仿真实验结果表明,选择db4小波包函数和4层小波包分解层,对8个特征点进行分类,可以得到高达96%的正确率.