High molecular transport proteins for JH-III in insect hemolymph

Summary Using two independent techniques, ultracentrifugation in a KBr-gradient, and native pore polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in combination with [³H]-epoxyfarnesyldiazoacetate photoaffinity labeling, we showed that in the hemolymph ofPeriplaneta americana, and probably also inLeptinotarsa decemlineata JH-III binds to the lipophorin, whereas inLocusta migratoria JH-III binds to a different protein.     

Grape vine physiology: the contribution of culture in vitro

Conclusion In the area of cell and tissue physiology, the grape vine has been a major reference material. As with all woody perennials, in vitro technologies are relatively delicate. Nevertheless, remarkable progress has produced a situation where, during the past ten years, practical application of results from in vitro work has been envisaged. Reciprocal understanding has yet to be established between scientists developing micropropagation (multiplication with conformity to type) and those using in vitro methods for variety improvement (multiplication for novelty of type). I am convinced that the future should not see one of these objectives dominating the other. On the contrary, certain technologies should be developed to ensure a framework for conformity of propagation and others to obtain greater variability with the goal of plant improvement. This will render effective the two applications considered.     

Juvenile hormone titre and regulation in the cockroachDiploptera punctata

Summary Titres of juvenile hormone (JH) have been determined in both hemolymph and whole body extracts of femaleDiploptera punctata during the first gonotrophic cycle using a method employing gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for qualitative and quantitative analysis. JH III is the sole JH found in both adult and last instarD. punctata. Maximum values of 1500 ng/ml (6M) were observed at the middle of the gonotrophic cycle, when basal oocyte growth rate was greatest. Changes in rates of JH release in vitro by corpora allata paralleled closely the changes in JH titre, suggesting that biosynthesis is a major regulator of titre. JH levels per animal were calculated from observed JH titres, and at certain time points in the gonotrophic cycle JH levels obtained from analysis of whole bodies were significantly greater than those predicted from hemolymph titres. These results suggest the existence of a nonhemolymph JH pool inD. punctata. Decay in JH titre after allatectomy of 5 day females has also been studied. Following a rapid initial decline, the rate of decay slowed appreciably 4 h post-operation. Thus, use of a first-order rate constant to estimate half-life of JH significantly underestimated the longevity of the hormone. The apparent persistence of JH following allatectomy may be due to the existence of a nonhemolymph JH pool.     

长拳对少年儿童身体发育的影响

分析了长拳的运动特点 ,并根据少儿的生理解剖特点和身体素质发展特点 ,认为在少儿时期练习长拳能促进他们生理机能的发育和身体素质的提高 .     

谈青少年业余运动员的力量训练

对青少年业余运动员力量训练的作用、影响因素和训练方法进行探讨,提出力量训练要针对青少年的身心特点和专项要求,长期坚持,重视质量,其效果取决于计划的系统性和训练方法的选择。     

棕榈半同胞子代家系苗期测定及优良家系选择

【目的】探究棕榈苗期生长遗传变异规律,筛选出苗期速生且遗传品质优良的棕榈家系,为棕榈的遗传改良提供参考。【方法】以72个棕榈半同胞家系的1.5年生幼苗为材料,观测其苗高、地径、干质量、鲜质量、条形叶和掌状叶数6个生长性状,进行遗传分析;以聚类分析法与性状表现水平分析法相结合筛选优良家系,并配合单株选择,筛选优良单株。【结果】棕榈苗期生长性状表型变异丰富且在各家系间差异极显著(P<0.001),家系遗传力变化范围为0.842~0.961,均表现为较高强度遗传;从中选出7个优良家系,中选家系的地径、干质量、掌状叶数的现实增益分别增加了18.03%、33.50%、26.77%,其遗传增益分别为16.28%、29.38%、22.51%。从7个优良家系中筛选出32株优良单株,其地径、干质量、掌状叶数的遗传增益分别增加了42.72%、97.86%、59.82%,其现实增益分别增加了60.77%、139.20%、85.09%,选择效果显著。【结论】棕榈幼苗在家系间具有很大的选育潜力,开展其早期选择研究,能为棕榈良种选育提供参考,选择出的优良家系及优良单株可为棕榈遗传改良及后续研究工作提供极佳的种质材料。     

Juvenilizing effect of ecdysone mimic RH 5849 inGalleria mellonella larvae

The response of the final instar larvae ofG. mellonella to topical application of the non-steroidal ecdysone mimic, RH 5849, was age-related as well as dose-dependent. In young final instar larvae, moderate doses of RH 5849 induced perfect supernumerary larval moults, but doses equal to and higher than 8.5 μg per larva caused premature formation of larval cuticle and were lethal. Application of RH 5849 significantly increased allatotropic activity of the brain, and also activated synthesis of juvenile hormone (JH) by the corpora cardiaca/corpora allata complex. Simultaneous application of RH 5849 and FMev, a potent inhibitor of JH synthesis, to young final instar larvae lowered the incidence of perfect supernumerary larval moults. We conclude that the effect of RH 5849 on the developmental programme inG. mellonella is mediated by the corpora allata.     

生命教育视域下的青少年犯罪预防

对青少年犯罪案情分析发现,青少年犯罪普遍存在一个共性即对生命的麻木、漠视与轻狂。生命教育的缺失是导致青少年犯罪的一个更深层次的、却被忽视的原因,因此要预防青少年犯罪必须对青少年进行生命教育。文章首先论述了生命教育缺失导致青少年犯罪的种种表现并对现行教育进行反思,然后对生命教育缺失导致青少年犯罪进行理论分析,最后提出了实施青少年生命教育的策略。     

青石斑鱼Epinephelus awoara仔、稚、幼鱼日龄和形态、生长发育的研究

本文根据青石斑鱼仔、稚鱼形态变化划分为前仔鱼期、后仔鱼期、稚鱼期、幼鱼期。背、腹棘的显著伸长是石斑鱼形态发育过程中的一个典型特征。背棘、腹棘长短与仔鱼全长有明显关系。背棘和腹棘比值近似1:1。仔稚鱼全长和体重两者呈幂函数相关。在整个仔、稚、幼鱼日龄生长中可分为三个阶段,第一阶段为15日龄前的仔鱼阶段,第二阶段为40日龄前的仔稚鱼阶段,第三阶段为60日龄前的稚幼鱼阶段。各生长阶段均伴随着一个危险期。导致各危险期的主要原因是(1)饵料,(2)变态,(3)自残。对策是(1)确保适时、适口饵料供应,(2)防止水质恶化和饵料营养缺乏,(3)勤分苗和充分投饵。在生长发育中,石斑鱼个体大小差异显著,导致此现象出现是因先天性和后天性二个方面造成。