紫花苜蓿和红三叶接种根瘤菌试验研究

进行了豆科牧草紫花苜蓿和红三叶接种根瘤菌的试验．结果表明，接种根瘤菌后二者的生长速度、结瘤数量、根瘤重量、结瘤率、产量、土壤肥力等指标均有改善和提高     

紫云英丰产利用技术研究

豫南稻区紫云英产草量普遍较低,加之利用不合理,影响水稻产量的提高和肥田改土的效果。试验证明,采取选用紫云英优良品种、施用磷肥、接种紫云英根瘤菌、增加播种量、合理轮作等技术措施,可大幅度提高紫云英产草量。对绿肥的利用,采取适时翻压、晒田、施用石膏、石灰等技术措施,可充分发挥绿肥的肥效,保证水稻的正常生长,从而达到施用绿肥改土肥田、提高水稻产量的目的。     

铁锰催化剂的还原

应用程序升温还原(TPR),x-射线行射(XRD)和热分析技术,对共沉淀铁锰催化剂的还原性能及不同还原阶段催化剂的体相组成进行了探讨,结果表明:锰对铁的还原性能有促进作用,铁锰在还原过程中发生了相互作用,形成尖晶石结构。     

基于全局注意力引导的肺结节分割方法

肺结节的精确分割能有效地辅助医生的治疗诊断工作,但由于不同患者所呈现的肺结节病灶形式多种多样,基于传统专家系统和统计学习的方法难以获得准确的肺结节分割结果。针对这种情况,提出一种由全局注意力引导的注意力机制,达到了从一张完整的胸部影像切片中自动定位并分割出肺结节的效果。该方法首先对目标区域进行肺实质分割,再利用区域建议网络（region proposal network,RPN）进一步缩小感兴趣区域,并生成注意力权重图,最后使用融合了残差网络（residual network,ResNet）与卷积长短期记忆网络（convolutional long short-term memory,ConvLSTM）的结构结合注意力权重进行肺结节分割。将所提方法在肺图像数据库联盟（lung image database consortium,LIDC-IDRI）数据集上进行了全面的评估,结果表明,本文方法分割结果的平均dice得分（标准差）为89.97%（8.9%）,具有出色的分割性能,精度相较其他方法取得一定提升。进一步在相同数据集上将所提方法的肺结节分割结果与4位放射科医生的手工标注结果进行了比较,结果表明本文方法的分割结果与医生们的标注结果的一致性达到了85.81%,相较于医生们手工标注之间的一致性高出了3.39%。     

Adaptive Order Polynomial Fitting for Pulmonary Nodule Segmentation in Chest Radiograph

Segmentation of pulmonary nodules in chest radiographs is a particularly challenging task due to heavy noise and superposition of fibs, vessels, and other complicated anatomical structures in lung field. In this paper, an adaptive order polynomial fitting based ray- casting algorithm is proposed for pulmonary nodule segmentation in chest radiographs. Instead of detecting nodule edge points directly, the nodule intensity proffies are first fitted by using the polynomials with adaptively determined orders. Then, the edge positions are identified through analyzing the local minimum of the fitted curves. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated over an image database with 148 nodule cases in chest radiographs that were collected from a variety of digital radiograph modalities. The preliminary results show the proposed algorithm can obtain a high rate of successful segmentations.     

Cytological aspects of meiotic recombination

This article reviews current views on the mechanisms of meiotic homology searching and recombination. It discusses the relationship between molecular events at meiotic prophase and concomitant cytological processes. The role of the synaptonemal complex and other meiosis-specific structures is discussed. Whereas the relationship of crossovers, late recombination nodules, and chiasmata is well established, there is still some controversy about the temporal and causal relationships between double strand breaks, homologue recognition, heteroduplexes, early nodules and presynaptic alignment.     

黄腐酸对大豆内源激素的调控及结瘤能力的影响

为探讨黄腐酸提高大豆结瘤能力的作用机理,以辽宁慢生根瘤菌(Bradyrhizobium liaoningense)CCBAU 05525和冀豆17为材料,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)探究黄腐酸对大豆结瘤初期内源激素含量、分布及结瘤的影响.结果表明:黄腐酸质量浓度为500 mg/L时大豆结瘤数量最多,比对照组显著提高73.1%,同时该条件下激素含量和分布变化最为明显,具体表现为大豆根、茎、叶中玉米素(ZT)、生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)含量增加,根中脱落酸(ABA)含量减少,叶中ABA含量增加.而黄腐酸质量浓度为1 000 mg/L时则表现为抑制大豆结瘤. 上述结果为解析黄腐酸提高大豆结瘤固氮的机理、增加大豆产量提供了理论依据.     

一种改进的边界法向量叠加疑似肺结节提取

对边界法向量叠加法进行改进,提出一种基于局部形状约束和自适应设定法向量大小的边界法向量叠加疑似肺结节提取方法.首先用自适应阈值方法对肺实质图像进行分割,得到初始ROI区域;然后判断初始ROI区域边界点的局部凸凹性特征,对满足凸性特征的边界点计算法向量方向,并且自适应设定法向量的大小,将初始ROI区域的边界点法向量叠加;最后对局部最大叠加值进行选择,可以检测出不同大小的圆形疑似肺结节.边界法向量叠加前使用局部凸凹性特征约束,能减少法向量叠加计算量;自适应设定法向量大小能克服检测固定大小肺结节的局限性.实验结果表明,改进算法可以较好地检测疑似肺结节区域,对不同大小的肺结节都有很好的适用性.     

Carbon isotopic compositions of pore and matrix carbonates in carbonate nodules, and origin of carbonate formation

Carbon isotopes of pedogenic carbonate are often used to study paleoenvironments, but the existence of detrital carbonate changes the carbon isotopic composition. To develop an experimental method to determine existence of detrital carbonate in carbonate nodules, and to avoid it during isotope analysis, 23 pedogenic carbonate nodules in Miocene loess from the Loess Plateau of China were studied through micromorphology and carbon isotope analysis. The difference in carbon isotopic composition between matrix carbonate (B) and pore carbonate (A) (δ¹³C_(B-A)) ranges from 0.27‰ to 0.44‰ in nodules containing detrital carbonate and –0.16‰ to 0.13‰ in nodules where detrital carbonate is absent. The latter is within measurement error, but the former is beyond it. Here we propose an isotopic approach to determine if nodules contain detrital carbonate: if δ¹³C_(B-A) is within the measurement error, the nodules do not contain detrital carbonate, and vice versa. We suggest that it is better to analyze pore carbonate instead of matrix carbonate when using carbon isotope of carbonate nodules to reconstruct paleoenvironments.