中非经贸合作下非洲基础设施建设的现状与挑战——以亚吉铁路建设为例

在分析非洲基础设施建设现状和特点的基础上,通过亚吉铁路建设的案例研究,探讨了中非经贸合作下非洲基础设施建设的成功效应和存在的主要问题,得出中国标准缺乏国际认可、中非双方存在文化冲突、对非“全产业链”与投融资需要强化和产业结构相似的结论。同时,对未来中非经贸合作下非洲基础设施建设的发展从消除文化差异、提高合作层次、加强投融资、改进中国标准、明确合作区发展定位、后疫情时代加快构建更紧密的中非命运共同体和加强产能合作并发挥产能优势等角度提出可行性建议。     

高职生“学习参与度”对创新创业核心素养的影响机制研究

通过对523名高职学生进行实地调研,探析“学习参与度”对学生创新创业核心素养的影响机制。结果显示:课程建设、教师引导、资源支持对学习心理参与度影响显著;教师引导、资源支持、社会实践对学习行为参与度影响显著。学习参与度显著影响创业意识、创新精神、创业能力。提出优化对策:重视学生创新创业核心素养的培养;提高学生创新创业学习参与度;人际互动提升学习心理参与度;协同培育提高学习行为参与度。     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance in an ultrafine-grained Al–Mg–Si alloy fabricated utilizing a combination of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and dynamic aging were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the grain size of the ECAP alloy was significantly refined, i.e., to ~239 nm after three ECAP passes. Meanwhile, the yield and tensile strength of the ECAPed material reached 340 MPa and 445 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a significant uniform elongation of 14%. Wear resistance results demonstrated that the wear rate, wear depth and width of the ECAPed material decreased in comparison with the solution-treated (SST) and peak-aged (T6) conditions under a load range of 5–25 N. The adhesive wear that occurs in the undeformed specimens at 10 N does not appear in the ECAPed specimen at the same load, indicating that the ECAPed specimen delay the appearance of more serious wear mechanisms under certain loads. The cooperative interaction of high density nano-scale β" precipitates and dislocations resulted in a combination of super-high strength and good work hardening ability which suppressed the extension of cracks between the friction layer and the plastic deformation zone. As a consequence, the combination of ECAP and dynamic aging brings a significant improvement for antifriction performance of the 6061 aluminum alloy.     

一种立体织机平行打纬机构的设计与优化

针对多层织物织造过程中,各层纬纱打纬力需保持一致以及需要减少钢筘与纱线之间摩擦的要求,提出八连杆平行打纬机构,并根据工艺要求对打纬机构进行优化。以打纬机构的主轴转动140°时,筘座在后心位置处的近似静止位移Δs最小为优化目标,通过Matlab软件分析确定设计变量,优化钢筘在后死心位置的近似停留时间。运动学仿真结果表明,优化后的打纬机构不仅保证了钢筘的打纬动程和其在后死心处的静止时间,而且增大了钢筘的惯性打纬力,有利于厚重织物的打纬。     

面向虚拟样机的一种机构运动仿真算法

文中就虚拟样机四连杆机构的运动分析提出一种新的运动仿真算法，在基于场景图的虚拟样机产品模型中实现产品四连杆机构的运动仿真．其算法特点是：利用空间矢量运算原理和四连杆机构特性直接求出四连杆机构从动件的变换矩阵，再通过四连杆机构特征点构造的三角形面积变化求出从动件变换矩阵的偏离角，用偏离角补偿法校正从动件变换矩阵，实现四连杆机构的运动仿真．其算法简单，运算效率高，实现容易．     

当前工程造价改革之我见

对工程造价的含义作了明确的定义，分析了工程造价的特点，提出了关于当前工程造价改革的几点建议。     

R ＆ D STRATEGIC INVESTMENT IN AN ASYMMETRICAL CASE

This article analyzes R ＆ D investment decisions in an asymmetrical case. The investment decisions share three important characteristics. First, the investment is completely irreversible. Second, there are two kinds of uncertainties over the future returns from the investment and over technology in R ＆ D process, respectively. Third, there is strategic competition in the asymmetrical case. This article presents the optimal investment threshold values and the optimal investment rule of high-efficient firm （leader）, and shows that the investment threshold values are reduced by competition of two firms. Finally, the mixed investment strategies for two firms, the probability that each firm separately exercises the option to invest, and the probability that two firms simultaneously exercise the option are given in the paper.     

考虑承保风险的保险基金投资研究

在阐述保险基金投资重要性和必要性的基础上，利用保费收取与保险赔付间的时滞，对保险基金投资进行了分析，建立了考虑承保风险的保险投资模型，并得出了最优投资比例，这对保险人进行保险基金投资有重要的理论与实践意义，最后，通过实例进行了说明。     

区域经济发展不平衡对义务教育投入的影响

地区经济发展不平衡是我国的一个基本国情，上世纪90年代义务教育投资总量和人均教育经费投入水平在我国三大地带呈现巨大差距，其成因是多方面的，要改变这种状态，必须建立规范的政府间基础教育财政支付制度，对政府管理基础教育的层级进行调整，建立农村义务教育教师工资保障机制。     

欠发达地区民营经济融资难的成因及对策

近年来,经济欠发达地区与发达地区的差距在加大,经济欠发达地区,一个重要特征就是民营经济发展不足。而融资难则是阻碍欠发达地区民营经济发展的症结所在。本文在深入分析欠发达地区民营经济融资难的主客观原因的基础上,提出解决这些问题的针对性措施。