连续生产精品肝素钠的新工艺

本文首次报道连续生产精品肝素钠的新工艺。猪小肠粘膜的提取液在用离子交换树脂吸附之前,先经过氧化除杂蛋白和脱色过程,既提高了树脂对肝素钠的吸附率,同时也减轻提取液中杂质对树脂的竞争和毒害。肝素钠从树脂上被洗脱后,再连续地进行再氧化、除酸、碱性蛋白和核酸、酒精反复沉淀等工艺过程,生产出精品肝素钠,效价为156±5u/mg,得率为1.092±0.035亿单位/1000kg粘膜,本工艺具有较大的应用价值。     

Growth hormone signal transduction

Growth hormone (GH) promotes animal growth by stimulating bone and cartilage cell proliferation, and influences carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Some of these effects are brought about indirectly via somatomedin induction in hepatocytes, others by acting directly on the target cells. In either case, GH first binds to specific receptors on cells to trigger a sequence of biochemical events culminating in a biological response. Recently much has been learnt about the molecular structure of GH receptor, its binding to ligand, and the ensuing signal transduction events.     

Laminin五肽对胃癌细胞系MGc－803的体外抑制作用

描述了Ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ五肽（ＹＩＧＳＲ）对胃癌细胞系ＭＧｃ－８０３的体外抑制作用，在多肽浓度为１ｍｇ／ｍｌ时抑制率高达７３％．抑制作用的机理可能是Ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ五肽竞争了肿瘤细胞上Ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ受体，从而封闭了肿瘤细胞对基底膜的结合及增殖．因此，利用Ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ五肽一类的药物有可能为肿瘤术后防止扩散提供一个新方法．     

Internalization of polypeptide hormones and receptor recycling

Conclusion The insulin receptor is an integral protein of the plasma membrane of the cell. It is composed of two subunits: an subunit, which binds the hormone, and a subunit which is a tyrosine specific protein kinase capable of undergoing autophosphorylation. These independent subunits are synthesized by way of a higher molecular weight single chain precursor and thus are the product of a single gene^{29, 49, 85} localized to chromosome 19^{29, 91}. Assuming that the insulin receptor is synthesized in the same fashion as other integral membrane glycoproteins, then the nucleus, the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus are involved in its biosynthesis. Further, there must be some form of transport of the mature receptor subunits to the plasma membrane where they are inserted.By contrast, the endocytotic route involves coated pits, coated vesicles, large clear vesicles or endosomes, multivesicular bodies and other lysosomal forms. In addition, it is possible that some other as yet unidentified organelle is involved in recycling (fig. 8). At the present time, with respect to the insulin receptor, the biosynthetic pathway and the endocytotic pathway appear to be separate. Further, it does not appear that either pathway, i. e. synthesis or endocytosis, exerts a regulatory function over the other.     

Juvenile hormone titre and regulation in the cockroachDiploptera punctata

Summary Titres of juvenile hormone (JH) have been determined in both hemolymph and whole body extracts of femaleDiploptera punctata during the first gonotrophic cycle using a method employing gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for qualitative and quantitative analysis. JH III is the sole JH found in both adult and last instarD. punctata. Maximum values of 1500 ng/ml (6M) were observed at the middle of the gonotrophic cycle, when basal oocyte growth rate was greatest. Changes in rates of JH release in vitro by corpora allata paralleled closely the changes in JH titre, suggesting that biosynthesis is a major regulator of titre. JH levels per animal were calculated from observed JH titres, and at certain time points in the gonotrophic cycle JH levels obtained from analysis of whole bodies were significantly greater than those predicted from hemolymph titres. These results suggest the existence of a nonhemolymph JH pool inD. punctata. Decay in JH titre after allatectomy of 5 day females has also been studied. Following a rapid initial decline, the rate of decay slowed appreciably 4 h post-operation. Thus, use of a first-order rate constant to estimate half-life of JH significantly underestimated the longevity of the hormone. The apparent persistence of JH following allatectomy may be due to the existence of a nonhemolymph JH pool.     

A new semisynthetic ergot peptide alkaloid: DCN 203-922

Summary We report the synthesis, stereochemistry and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of DCN 203-922, a novel ergot alkaloid of the cyclol type, which contains in its peptide moiety the uncommon amino acid L-allo-isoleucine.Part of this paper was reported by this author at the Herbstversammlung der Schweizerischen Chemischen Gesellschaft, Bern, in October 1986.     

Occurrence of 3-epi-22-deoxy-20-hydroxyecdysone and its phosphoric ester in diapause eggs of the silkworm,Bombyx mori

Ecdysteroids in diapause eggs of the silkworm,Bombyx mori, were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with radioimmunoassay (RIA). A relatively large amount of an unidentified free ecdysteroid and its phosphoric ester (conjugated form) were detected. These two compounds were isolated by a combination of column chromatography on silicic acid, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and HPLC using a reverse-phase (RP) column. The purified compounds were identified as 3-epi-22-deoxy-20-hydroxyecdysone (22d20E) and 3-epi-22-deoxy-20-hydroxyecdysone 2-phosphate (22d20E2P) by means of mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. to our knowledge, this is the first report of 22d20E and 22d20E2P.     

不同药物对心理应激猕猴的抗应激作用

本文以心理应激猕猴为动物模型,比较研究了猕猴应激前后外周血中ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇、胰岛素以及游离Ｔ３,Ｔ４的变化,并对安定、心得安等药物的抗应激效应进行了初步的探讨．实验结果表明,在应激前后,ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇呈显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．０１）,胰岛素呈上升趋势．安定可使应激动物的ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇的水平明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）,但是,对ＦＴ３,ＦＴ４的影响不明显．心得安对各种激素无明显影响．     

膳食纤维与肠道细菌对人体的影响

人体肠道有益菌群和有害菌群的共生与捕食关系影响着人体健康 .有害菌群产生大量毒素 ,当有害菌在肠道生态系统中占有绝对优势时 ,会使体内器官产生重大疾病 .食物纤维可以促进有益菌的增殖 ,并抑制有害菌的产生 .通过对影响人体新陈代谢的内因子肠道菌群及外因子食物纤维的研究 ,讨论并分析了食物纤维的摄入量与肠道菌群的种类和数量的相互制约关系 ,阐述了二者在人体新陈代谢过程中对人体健康的重要影响