连续生产精品肝素钠的新工艺

本文首次报道连续生产精品肝素钠的新工艺。猪小肠粘膜的提取液在用离子交换树脂吸附之前,先经过氧化除杂蛋白和脱色过程,既提高了树脂对肝素钠的吸附率,同时也减轻提取液中杂质对树脂的竞争和毒害。肝素钠从树脂上被洗脱后,再连续地进行再氧化、除酸、碱性蛋白和核酸、酒精反复沉淀等工艺过程,生产出精品肝素钠,效价为156±5u/mg,得率为1.092±0.035亿单位/1000kg粘膜,本工艺具有较大的应用价值。     

Identification and possible biological relevance of spermatozoal transglutaminase

Summary Normal human spermatozoa were demonstrated by dot immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry to possess transglutaminase (TGase). The immunological identification of spermatozoal TGase is consistent with reports by others of its biochemical identification and suggested role in sperm motility,and provides, in view of the immunoregulatory properties of seminal plasma TGase, presumptive identification of a means whereby spermatozoa, under normal physiological conditions, may possibly be protected from immunological attack within the female reproductive tract.     

Hepatic glucose signals vagally modulate the cyclicity of gastric motility in rats

The cyclicity and intensity of gastric motlity were examined following glucose injection into the portal vein with an intragastric balloon in anesthetized rats. Enhanced gastric motility caused by insulin administration was influenced by 4 mM glucose (25 l) injected into the portal vein; glucose provoked a shift in the cyclicity power spectrum without any change in intensity. The peak power spectrum shifted from 4.0–5.0 cpm to 2.0–3.0 cpm. Hepatic branch vagotomy abolished the response.The results suggest that glucose signals in the hepatic vagal branch modulate the cyclicity of gastric motiligy.     

膳食纤维与肠道细菌对人体的影响

人体肠道有益菌群和有害菌群的共生与捕食关系影响着人体健康 .有害菌群产生大量毒素 ,当有害菌在肠道生态系统中占有绝对优势时 ,会使体内器官产生重大疾病 .食物纤维可以促进有益菌的增殖 ,并抑制有害菌的产生 .通过对影响人体新陈代谢的内因子肠道菌群及外因子食物纤维的研究 ,讨论并分析了食物纤维的摄入量与肠道菌群的种类和数量的相互制约关系 ,阐述了二者在人体新陈代谢过程中对人体健康的重要影响     

Localization of a Robotic Capsule for GI Motility Inspection with a Portable Ultrasonic System

IntroductionResearchesonmicromedicaldeviceandmicromedicalrobot,especiallytheinvivoinspectionsystemworkinginalimentarycanalorinbloodvesselwithlittledamageornondamagetohumanbodyhavebeenundertakenandreportedbyexpertsinmanycountries.Thesesystemsusuallyownmanyadvantagessuchas:smallvolume,lowpowerconsumption,littleinterferencetoworkingsurroundings,socangreatlyenlargethescopesofmedicalexaminationandrelievethepatientsofdiscomfortcausedbynormalprocedures.Thecapsuleendoscope“NORIKAsystem”developedby…     

粪菌移植对肺炎克雷伯菌所致小鼠肝脓肿感染的抑制作用

探讨粪菌移植(FMT)对高致病性肺炎克雷伯菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)所致小鼠肝脓肿(KLA)感染的抑制作用及相关机制.小鼠随机分为对照(Healthy)组、肺炎克雷伯菌(Kp)组和干预(FMT)组. Kp组小鼠经口灌胃10⁶ CFU K1血清型肺炎克雷伯菌;FMT组在给菌24 h后经口灌胃给予正常小鼠粪菌悬液(300 mg/mL,0.3 mL).结果表明,与Kp组相比,FMT处理明显降低了小鼠KLA感染率;16S rRNA高通量测序分析表明,FMT显著改变了小鼠肠道菌群组成,包括增加了Alloprevotella、norank＿f＿Muribaculaceae等益生菌的丰度;同时FMT处理明显降低了小鼠血清TNF-α和胃肠内防御素分子浓度,同时增加了肠黏蛋白2(MUC2)的表达.因此,肠道菌群和免疫防御因子可能一起参与了FMT对高致病性肺炎克雷伯菌所致小鼠KLA感染的抑制作用.     

蒙古绵羊胚胎肠绒毛的组织发生

用组织学常规方法研究32～550 mm蒙古绵羊胚胎各段肠的组织学结构.研究结果显示,蒙古绵羊各肠段在发育过程中都有绒毛的发生,且绒毛发育呈现了各自不同的特点:肠绒毛发生时期不同,发生过程不同,大肠绒毛退化消失时期也不同.     

从大口黑鲈胃、肠道中分离的部分好氧菌的研究

从大口黑鲈（Microptens salmoides)胃、肠道中分离到24个好氧菌株。经过自动微生物鉴定系统（VITEK－AMS－60和VITEK－AMS－CC2）鉴定结果是：真菌只有1个菌株（茁芽毛孢酵母Tri-chosporon pullulans)；细菌有23个菌株，其中革兰氏阳性菌只有1个菌株（干燥棒状杆菌Corynebacterium xerosis)，1个非发酵性菌株（食酸假单胞菌Pseudomonas acidovorans)，其余21个菌株均是革兰氏阴性菌；革兰氏阴性菌中，支气管败血性鲍特氏菌（Bordetella bronchiseptica)5个，尿放线杆菌（Actinobacillus ureae)4个，粘黄杆菌（Flavobacterium gleum)4个，产吲哚黄杆菌（F.indologenes)3个，恶臭假单胞菌（P.putida)3个，泡囊假单胞菌（P.vesicularis)2个。24个菌株中5个水解淀粉，5个水解牛奶；在22种药物敏感试验中，恶臭假单胞菌肠14菌株和支气管败血性鲍特氏菌肠17菌株分别对17种药物有耐药性；24个菌株中，对氨苄青霉素、先锋V（头孢唑啉）、青霉素G不敏感的菌分别有23株、23株、22株。     

Evidence for the induction and release of pancreatic folylpolyglutamate hydrolase by the ingestion of folyl polyglutamates in the rat

Pteroyl polyglutamate hydrolase (folyl conjugase), which hydrolyses the dietary polyglutamyl folates into simple forms prior to absorption, has been shown to be induced in rat pancreas in response to dietary polyglutamyl folates but not by ingestion of synthetic unconjugated folates. Folate absorption, as measured by the rise in serum folate levels after ingestion, of dietary conjugated folates is impaired in pancreatectomised animals whereas absorption of synthetic simple folate is not. A severe build-up of folyl conjugase is observed in the lumen of control but not in pancreatectomised animals after dietary folate ingestion. These results taken together would suggest that dietary folates are hydrolysed to monoglutamyl forms suitable for absorption in the lumen; the hydrolysis is catalysed by a luminal folyl conjugase of pancreatic origin induced by dietary conjugated folates.     

The functions of mucosal T cells in containing the indigenous commensal flora of the intestine

There is an immense load of non-pathogenic commensal bacteria in the distal small intestine and the colon of mammals. The physical barrier that prevents penetration (translocation) of these organisms into the body is a simple epithelium comprised of the single enterocyte/colonocyte cell layer with its overlying mucus. In this review, we discuss the roles of intestinal T cells in initiating and regulating innate and adaptive mucosal immune responses of the mucosal immune system that avoid or limit penetration of the commensal intestinal bacteria. Received 9 August 2002; accepted 9 September 2002 RID="*" ID="*"Corresponding author.