Gigantecin: A novel antimitotic and cytotoxic acetogenin,with nonadjacent tetrahydrofuran rings,fromGoniothalamus giganteus (Annonaceae)

Summary Gigantecin (I), a novel tetrahydroxy-di-tetrahydrofuran fatty acid -lactone (acetogenin), was isolated from an ethanolic extract of the stem bark ofGoniothalamus giganteus Hook. f., Thomas (Annonaceae), by means of activity-directed fractionation (brine shrimp lethality test). This new compound is extremely cytotoxic to human tumor cells, inhibits crown gall tumors on potato discs, and is active in an assay designed to detect antimitotic agents (9 ASK).     

脂多糖—被动血凝试验早期诊断伤寒的价值

为评估脂多糖－被动血凝试验（ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ）早期诊断伤寒的应用价值,对病程不同的１０２例伤寒患者用ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ、肥达反应和细菌培养进行检测,２００例非伤寒发热患者作为对照。结果显示：伤寒患者病程第一周ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ阳性率为８０％（２４／３０）,第二周达９７７３％（４３／４４）;细菌培养阳性率２４５１％;肥达反应的伤寒与副伤寒鞭毛抗体交叉阳性率达３７２５％;对照组ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ有２％的假阳性。结果表明：ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ可早期、简便及快速诊断伤寒,有较高的敏感性和特异性。     

Cloning, construction of prokaryotic expression vector and expression ofEscherichia coli cytosine deaminase gene

Cytosine deaminase gene ofEscherichia coli strain H-30 was cloned, and its initiation codon of ‘GTG’ was mutated to ‘ATG’ by PCR. Prokaryotic recombinant expression vector pBV220-CD was constructed. Clone with high enzyme activity were selected by detecting their specific activity of cytosine deaminase. 5-FC(5-FC, 5-fluorocytosine) could induce the lethal toxicity to cells containing active CD gene. DNA sequence analysis indicated that there were 16 altered bases and 5 of them resulted in the alteration of amino acids in predicted peptide by comparing DNA sequence of the clone H-30-CD-11 with high enzyme activity with CD gene reported in Gene Bank.     

Neuropeptide Y receptors in a protozoaStylonychia mytilus

Radio ligand binding assays(RLBA) were used to study neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors in a protozoa Stylonychia mytilus. The experimental results showed that 2-3×10+3/mL Stylonychia cells incubated in Pringsheim solution which contained 3H-NPY could specifically bind 3H-NPY and concomitantly present saturable characteristic. This suggested that Stylonychia possessed some specific binding sites for NPY. Scatchard transformations of binding assay for the NPY receptors at 25℃ are compatible with the specific activity of 42.47 fmol/10+3 cells and the binding equilibrium constant of 0.113 nmol/L. The data of 125I-NPY binding assay to the membrane protein extract of Stylonychia indicated that there was a significant difference between the amount of total bound and nonspecific bound of 125I-NPY. This result indicated that NPY receptors were probably localized mainly on the cell membrane.     

FD-TRT耐热逆转录酶的特性分析

从嗜热细菌ＦＤ３００９中克隆并分离纯化得到的耐热逆转录酶（ＦＤ－ＴＲＴ）,逆转录反应在６５℃高温下进行,可克服常温逆转录酶的许多缺点,以酵母核糖体ｒＲＮＡ为模板,以与２５５和１８Ｓ ｒＲＮＡ匹配的寡聚脱氧核苷酸为引物,探明了ＦＤ－ＴＲＴ的最适反应条件： ２５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣｌ（ｐＨ ８．５,２５℃）,２５ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４,２ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＭｎＣｌ２,１００ μｇ／ｍｌ明胶．５ ｕｎｉｔ ＲＮａｓｉｎ,２５０ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ４种 ｄＮＴＰ, １μＣｉ３ Ｈ－ｄＣＴＰ, １２ｕｇ ＲＮＡ,２５ ｐｍｏｌ引物,并在此条件下测得 ＦＤ－ＴＲＴ和 Ｔａｑ ＤＮＡ 聚合酶逆转录活力与聚合酶活力的相对比值分别为０．０５６,０．００４５．     

痰和咽拭子PCR及血清学联合检测肺炎衣原体急性呼吸道感染

了解成人呼吸道感染患者急性肺炎衣原体感染的发病情况。呼吸道感染患者１１０例,同时采集痰和咽拭子标本,应用聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）检测肺炎衣原体ＤＮＡ及采静脉血检测肺炎衣原体抗体。本组患者１７例（１６％）有肺炎衣原体近期感染的急性抗体,１２例（１１％）痰和（或）咽拭子肺炎衣原体ＰＣＲ检测阳性,联合应用两种方法的阳性率为２３％（２５／１１０例）。肺炎衣原体急性感染以哮喘急性发作、肺炎、ＣＯＰＤ急性加重和急性支气管炎患者多见（分别为５７％、３５％、２６％和２５％）,其临床表现无特征性。本组成人呼吸道感染患者肺炎衣原体急性感染的发病率较高,提示肺炎衣原体是呼吸道感染的重要致病原。     

紫外分光光度法同时测定复方甲硝唑片中甲硝唑和维生素B6的含量

建立了一种简单、快速、能同时测定复方甲硝唑片中甲硝唑与维生素B6的方法.采用0.100 mol/L NaOH和2.0%的四硼酸钠溶液为介质,测定波长为288和320 nm.维生素B6的存在不干扰甲硝唑的直接测定.赋形剂对该测定方法不干扰.甲硝唑的回收率为96.6% ～ 102.0%,RSD为1.6% ～ 3.8%;维生素B6的回收率为95.2% ～ 106.3%,RSD为5.4%～8.1%.该方法简单、成本低、易于操作.     

海洋木栖真菌抗肿瘤活性及其营养条件的影响

对从厦门海沧及漳州浮宫的红树林生态区分离到的177株海洋木栖真菌用MTT法进行抗肿瘤活性的测定，获得具有抗肿瘤活性的菌株共44株，占总受试菌株的24．9％，其中对KB瘸株有抑制作用的有12株．对Raji瘤株有抑制作用的菌株有43株，对这两种肿瘤细胞均有抑制作用的菌株有11株．并且考察了其中6株海洋木栖真菌在纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、淀粉和蔗糖为碳源的生物量和抗肿瘤活性。结果表明海洋木栖真菌在不同营养条件下的菌体生物量及代谢产物的抗肿瘤活性均存在差异，部分菌株在纤维素为碳源时，有最高的生物量和抗肿瘤活性，PDB培养基不宜作为抗肿瘤活性测定或生产发酵的基质．     

邻苯三酚自氧化法适于测定SOD活性吗?

用邻苯三酚自氧化法测定了Cu-ZnSOD(Superoxide dismutase，SOD）及根据天然超氧化物歧化酶活性部位结构设计、合成的一些模型化合物（the models of SOD，MSOD）活性。测试结果表明：Cu-ZnSOD和含Cu（Ⅱ）、Fe(Ⅲ)、Mn(Ⅱ、Ⅲ的SOD模型化合物随浓度升高，有的对邻苯三酚氧化表现为负抑制（即促进邻苯三酚氧化）；另一部分化合物在较低浓度表现为抑制，较高浓度表现为负抑制的交替变化；或抑制率的无规则变化。本文对出现负抑制的内在根源进行了探讨，鉴于邻苯三酚自氧化的复杂反应机理；含Cu(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅲ)、Mn（Ⅱ、Ⅲ）SOD模型化合物的多酚氧化酶活性和Fenton反应催化活性，及MSOD中金属离子的Lewis酸性，不宜采用邻苯三酚自氧化法测定SOD活性。     

一种改进的漆酶酶活检测方法

以 2 ,2′ -连氮 -双 (3-乙基苯并噻唑 - 6 -磺酸铵 ) (简称ABTS)为漆酶A、B的底物 ,采用UV - 2 2 0 1型紫外 -可见分光光度计连续记录酶反应在 2 5℃ ,4 2 0nm波长下的时间历程曲线 ,并求取最初部分的斜率以计算漆酶酶活的方法 .该方法直观、方便、准确且可靠 .在 2 5℃的 0 .0 4mol/LBritton Robinson缓冲溶液中 ,漆酶A、B的最适 pH值分别为 4 .0和 4 .5 .在 2 5℃最适 pH值的Britton Robinson缓冲液中 ,由双倒数作图法求得漆酶A、B的米氏常数Km 分别是 6 .6 4× 1 0 - 5mol/L和 2 .2 1× 1 0 - 5mol/L ,漆酶A、B的最大米氏反应速度Vmax分别是 1 4 2 5μmol.M (L·min)和 32 5μmol.M (L·min) .漆酶A、B的酶活分别为 2 2 99μmol·min- 1·L- 1和 1 1 4 8μmol·min- 1·L- 1.