腐殖质与Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)的络合作用及其在农业中的应用

用电位滴定法研究腐殖酸FA和HA与金属离子(Ca2+、Mg2+、Co2+、Ni2+)的络合作用,发现它们与金属离子形成的络合物比较稳定,在溶液中的络合形成常数可通过作图法获得 随着溶液中金属离子浓度的增大,络合形成常数减小,同时发现FA与金属离子的络合形成常数比HA的大 腐殖酸是土壤肥力高低的一个重要标志,在农业应用中具有重要作用     

不同来源胡敏酸的酒精分级

从草炭、褐煤、风化煤3种腐殖化程度不同的物料中提取了3种不同的胡敏酸，分别对其进行酒精分级，并对各级分的碳、氮含量进行了测定．结果表明．在3种胡敏酸中．草炭胡敏酸的脂肪性最强，芳构化度最低．分子量最小；风化煤胡敏酸的脂肪性最弱，芳构化度最强，分子量最大；褐煤胡敏酸则居中。     

褐煤腐植酸基本性能研究

研究了褐煤中腐植酸的交换容量：ＨＮＯ３，Ｈ３ＰＯ４对腐植酸含量的影响，同时研究了褐煤腐植酸中杂质的固定与清除。     

陶瓷原料中腐植酸含量的测定

介绍了陶瓷原料中腐植酸的测定原理及方法。     

从红原县1#泥炭地泥炭中提取腐植酸的研究

红原县1^#泥炭地泥炭储量丰富，品位高，具有工业开采价值。作者进行了从这种泥炭中提取腐植酸的研究，根据1^#矿泥炭的性质，选择了最适宜的提取剂，最优的提取工艺条件，所获得的腐植酸钠的质量达到或超过了国家一，二，三级质量标准，提取率也较高。     

长江口悬浮颗粒有机絮凝研究

用带电子探针的扫描电子显微镜分析和测定了长江口悬浮颗粒样品,在不同盐度的试样中,首次发现了大小、形状,组成各不相同的有机絮凝体.作者根据长江口的物理化学环境和悬浮颗粒的性质,探讨了有机絮凝体的形成机理,认为二步桥联模式能比较园满地解释长江口悬浮颗粒有机絮凝体的形成.     

Impact of dissolved humic acid on the bioavailability of acenaphthene and chrysene assessed by membrane-based passive samplers

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is known to reduce the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in aqueous environments. This reduction occurs as a result of adsorption to DOC, apparently reducing the freely dissolved concentration of HOCs. In the present study, triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (TECAM) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were used to measure the uptake of acenaphthene and chrysene in the presence of commercial humic acid (HA) at different concentrations (0―15 mg C·L-1) under controlled laboratory conditions. Apparent uptake rate constants for PAHs in TECAM and medaka were compared and DOC-water partition coefficients (KDOCs) of two PAHs were calculated with different sampling methods by model fit. Results showed that HA present in water significantly reduced the uptake of PAHs in TECAM and medaka. The obtained values of log KDOC of acenaphthene and chrysene measured by TECAM were 4.63 and 5.83, respectively, whereas biologically determined values were 4.52 and 5.76, respectively. These log KDOC values were comparable to earlier published KDOCs toward commercial HA, thereby indicating that TECAM accumulated only the freely dissolved fraction of chemicals and uptake PAHs in a manner similar to that of fish. All these results suggested that the TECAM method can provide a good means for assessing the impact of DOC on bioavailability of PAHs in the aqueous environment.     

Reactions Between Humic Acid Solutions and Excessive ClO2 or Cl2

Reactions between humic acid solutions and excessive ClO2 or Cl2 have been investigated. Under various experimental conditions, the removal efficiency of TOC, UV254 and A140 from humic acid solutions were examined. The relationship between the removal efficiency and the consumption of ClO2 or Cl2 was discussed. The results showed that the maximum demand of ClO2 was 2.19 mg/mg TOC for the humic acid solution under the experimental conditions, and that of Cl2 was 1.88 mg/mg TOC. The variation tendency of ClO2 consumption was similar to that of Cl2. TOC of humic acid solutions decreased 15.2% and 15.6% after the reaction with ClO2 or Cl2 respectively. Under the experimental conditions, 21.4% of unsaturated bonds and 52.8% of humic acid color were removed by ClO2 in 168 h. As for Cl2, removal efficiency of unsaturated bonds and humic acid color were 16.8% and 41.7% respectively. Larger molecules from humic acid were oxidized to smaller molecules by ClO2 and Cl2. Higher oxidation potential of ClO2 than that of Cl2 was also indicated by variation of UV254/A410 ratios. The similar tendency, that exhibited faster variation in the initial 24 h, existed for all the research factors.     

壳聚糖小球对废水中腐殖酸的吸附性能

采用壳聚糖小球吸附废水中的腐殖酸,探讨了反应时间、pH值、温度、壳聚糖小球用量、腐殖酸初始浓度等因素对壳聚糖小球吸附腐殖酸效果的影响,并测定了吸附等温线.结果表明：壳聚糖吸附腐殖酸的速率很快,50 min可达到吸附平衡;pH值和温度对吸附效果的影响不明显;壳聚糖小球用量对吸附效果的影响显著;在30℃下其吸附等温线符合Freundlich方程.     

地膜棉花土壤生态的研究

地膜栽培棉花能改善土壤的理化性状和微量生物性状,使土壤增温保墒,容重降低,孔隙度增大;加强土壤微生物活动,使总菌数增加,尤其是细菌数量的增加最为明显;有利于土壤养分的释放及腐殖的形成和积累;覆膜棉花的生长发育加快,从土壤吸收养分的数量大大地增加,产量显著地提高。