中国西部末次冰期一次强烈的侵蚀事件

越来越多的勘探资料显示中国西部主要的江河均不同程度地发育深厚覆盖层.覆盖层剖面从下往上可以分为三层:下部为冲积和冰水漂卵砾石层;中部为多成因的块(漂)卵(碎)石层,往往夹有粉细砂层或砂层透镜体;上部为冲积卵砾石层.年龄测定资料显示,谷底堆积物年龄一般在20～25 ka,中部堆积物的年龄在16～19 ka,均老于沿河分布的二级阶地.这说明,在距今25 ka前,现今存在的河床基覆界面就已形成,谷底25 ka前切割如此之深应是河流强烈侵蚀的结果,这一侵蚀期正好与末次冰期内部的间冰段对应.     

C-isotope composition and correlation of the Upper Neoproterozoic in Keping area, Xinjiang

C-isotope analysis of the carbonates in the Upper Neoproterozoic in Keping, Xinjiang indicates that the Qigebrak Formation and the Upper Sugaitbrak Formation mainly record positive C-isotope values, and a distinct positive excursion occurs in the lower part of the Qigebrak Formation. There are three negative excursions in the boundary between the Qigebrak Formation and the Cambrian, the uppermost and lowermost Upper Sugaitbrak Formation. These characters resemble those of the Upper Neoproterozoic in the Three-Gorge area, which suggests that the Upper Sugaitbrak Formation and Qigebrak Formation can be correlated with the middle and upper parts of the Doushantuo Formation and Dengying Formation, respectively. The negative excursion at the top of the Upper Sugaitbrak Formation corresponds to that at the top of the Doushantuo Formation, while the negative excursion at the bottom of the Sugaitbrak Formation can be correlated with that at the middle part of the Doushantuo Formation in the Three-Gorge area and that at the top of the Hangelchaok diamictites in the Quruqtagh area.     

Reconstruction of surface ocean water <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>(aq) in Nansha area,the South China Sea during the last 30 ka

The reconstruction of pCO2 in the tropic ocean is one of the most important issues to understand global climatic changes.In this study,the high-resolution stratigraphic analysis of core 17962 was conducted,which is Iocated in the southern South China Sea(SCS).The contents of sedimentary organic matter,the stable carbon isotopic composition of sedimentary organic matter,and the δ^13C values of black carbon and terrigenons n-alkanes were determined.And the δ^13Cwc value of carbon derived from aquatic was calculated.On the basis of δ^13Corg-pCO2equation proposed by Popp et al.(1989),we estimated the pCO2 in the Nansha area,SCS,since the last glaciation using δ^13Cwc instead of δ^13Corg.The results show that the average pCO2 was estimated at 240 ppm V during the last glaciation,and at 320ppm V in the Holocene.A comparison of surface sea pCO2 with the atmosphere CO2 recorded in the Vostok ice core,indicates that CO2 in surface water of the southern SCS could emit into atmosphere during the last 30ka.     

祁连山东段冷龙岭南麓白水河冰碛物ESR测年研究

白水河是祁连山东段冷龙岭南麓大通河的一条支流,在其谷口保存有形态较完整的冰川终碛,终碛剖面中有将该终碛垄分成两次冰川作用的一推积垄,此次用ESR测年技术对采自该剖面中的冰碛物进行了测年研究,推积垄前部上样品测得的ESR年龄为73．0ka,55．8ka;推积垄后部靠近推积垄的一个样品,测得ESR年龄为36．7ka,所测得的ESR年龄与终碛垄沉积的新老关系相一致,经过ESR测年结果的误差与其可靠性讨论并结合终碛垄沉积关系和推积垄前后的^14C年龄得出;推积垄前部的冰碛物为末次冰期早期沉积的,与深海氧同位素的4阶段相对应;推积垄后部的冰碛物为末次冰期晚期所沉积的,可与深海氧同位素的2阶段相对应,此结论也进一步验证以往学者所得出的结论,说明冰碛物可以用ESR技术进行测年。     

南京长江大桥附近长江古河谷的形成及沉积特征

末次盛冰期,由于海平面大幅度下降,长江发育古深槽.分析认为,研究剖面附近的深切河槽是局部的深切结果.南京古河谷沉积物,可以分为三期明显的由粗到细的沉积韵律:末次盛冰期深切古河谷,沉积物颗粒粗,从卵砾石到中砂、粗砂;冰后期河床较宽,沉积物从砾石、粗砂到中砂、细砂;全新世,河流进一步展宽,流速变慢,泥沙大量沉积,沉积物从粗砂、中砂到细砂、粉砂,细砂沉积厚度很大.各期河床形态和沉积物的特征,反映了末次盛冰期、冰后期、全新世时期的气候变化和环境演变.     

Discovery of Quaternary glacial evidence of Snow Mountain in Taiwan, China

There are glacial remains of three different periods on the main peak of Snow Mountain in Taiwan province, including cirque lake, crosswall, polished surface, striation, moraine etc. These three different periods were called, respectively, Shanzhuang ((44.25 ±3.72) kaBP), Shuiyuan ((18.26 ±1.52) kaBP), and Xueshan glacial stages (the late period of last glaciation). It is characterized by the earlier glacier broad in scale.     

山西宁武冰洞成因分析

从冰洞所处位置分析该地区在地质时期曾经是岩溶发育区,并且经历了温暖潮湿的气候作用,逐渐形成石灰岩溶洞;而且该地区曾经是山岳冰川发育区,在第四纪冰期及间冰期时,大量的积雪、冰川融水甚至破碎冰块堆积于洞中,经过复杂的物理变化,融化和重新凝结,再加上大气降水的不断渗入,在溶洞内形成各种形态冰物质的广泛分布现象———冰洞形成;以后的年代,由于当地比较特殊的地形、气候等自然地理环境因素,冰洞得以有效保存。宁武冰洞的形成是由岩溶作用和冰川作用以及环境因素共同作用的结果。     

新疆库鲁克塔格地区特瑞艾肯冰期时代的碎屑锆石年代学制约

通过对特瑞艾肯组冰碛岩顶部含砾粉砂岩的碎屑锆石年代学分析, 得到最年轻锆石的年龄为629±8 Ma, 代表特瑞爱肯冰碛岩的沉积时代上限。该年龄限定了特瑞爱肯冰期的结束时代, 并可与扬子板块的南沱冰期以及全球范围的Elatina冰期或Marinoan冰期对比。其余较老年龄集中分布在 718~887 Ma, 1822~2092 Ma 和2345~2613 Ma, 暗示库鲁克塔格地区前寒武纪的3 个主要岩浆活动时期。     

四川及邻区震旦纪南沱期沉积类型及杂砾岩的成因探讨

本研究区广泛发发育一套南沱期杂砾岩,其成因一直存在冰川和泥石流之争。本文综合冰成岩的多成因标志,与重力流的沉积特征进行了比较和区别,为冰川论者补充了可信的证据;并且得出本区南沱期既有冰川作用、泥石流作用,又有大量火山碎屑物质加入。作者重点研究了5种沉积类型的杂砾岩的成因和环境,且认为这一研究成果对该地区的南沱期古气候和古环境的恢复具有较大意义。