雄性大鼠海马多巴胺受体的增龄性改变

采用放射配基结合分析法初步观察了大鼠海马多巴胺(Dopamine,简称DA)受体的增龄性变化及腹腔注射使DA受体不可逆失活的EEDQ(N-乙氧羰基-2乙氧基-2双氧喹啉)后,DA受体的恢复情况.结果表明老年大鼠海马DA受体结合力较青年大鼠差异不明显,注射EEDQ后两者DA受体亲和力均明显降低,但恢复时青年大鼠恢复的速度快于老年鼠者.表明老年大鼠海马DA受体比青年大鼠更容易受到伤害,恢复也更困难,这些变化可能与老年期的一些表现及老年病的学习记忆紊乱有一定关系.     

A study on neural mechanism of face processing based on fMRI

Recently, there were debates about the specificity of lateral middle fusiform in face processing. The debates focused on whether these areas were specialized in face processing or involved in processing of visual expertise and categorization at individual level. The present study aims to investigate the neural mechanism of face processing, using Chinese characters as comparison stimuli. Chinese characters are greatly similar to faces on a variety of dimensions, among which the most significant one is that both faces and Chinese characters not only are extremely familiar to literate Chinese adults but also are processed at individual level. In the present study, faces and Chinese characters activated bilateral middle fusiform with great correlation. Greater activities were observed in the right fusiform face area （FFA） for faces than for Chinese characters. These results demonstrate that FFA is specialized in face processing per se rather than the processing of visual expertise and categorization at individual level.     

βCaMKII过量表达损害小鼠海马齿状回区长时程抑制

采用海马齿状回（dentate gyrus, DG）区域特异性过量表达βCaMKII的蛋白修饰转基因小鼠,通过离体电生理技术,研究了βCaMKII高表达对该区域突触可塑性的影响.与对照组相比,转基因小鼠海马齿状回双脉冲抑制反应（paired-pulse depression, PPD）和颗粒细胞的电压—电流曲线（voltage-current curve）没有发生变化,而该区域的长时程抑制（long-term depression, LTD）明显被减弱.实验结果提示,βCaMKII的过量表达不影响小鼠海马齿状回区的突触前递质释放能力和颗粒细胞的被动属性,但损害其长时程抑制.这为进一步研究βCaMKII在学习记忆和突触可塑性中的作用提供了电生理学依据.     

Calcium carbonate nanoparticles promote osteogenesis compared to adipogenesis in human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Rhombohedron-like and fusiform calcium carbonate nanoparticles were fabricated using a new method. Their geometry was controlled by varying the mixing speed and ratio of ethanol versus water in reaction system. The calcium carbonate nanoparticles(CCNPs) have slight effect on viability of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMSCs) with dose-dependent and shape-dependent, but they can significantly promote osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro by 10–37% increase of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity, 9–36% growth of collagen secretion and 1.13–1.83 folds upregulation of osteogenesis-related genes, even at lower dose ranges(5–20 μg/ml). The efficacity of promoting osteogenesis depends on the shape and dose of CCNPs. Furthermore,adipogenesis was inhibited by less accumulation of lipid droplets, lower triglyceride(TG) secretion and downregulation of adipogenesis-related genes. These findings improve the understanding of effects CCNPs on hBMSCs fate towards osteoblasts or adipocytes and have meaningful impact for combining use of CCNPs and hBMSCs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine fields.     

家兔海马的细胞构筑和纤维构筑

用七只家兔灌注后取背海马并沿其长轴作横切片,分别进行尼氏法、Weil法、Golgi改良法及Golgi—Деинека镀银法处理,在光学显微镜下观察家兔齿状回的结构、海马的层次、细胞类型及大小、海马中各地区的差异和海马内部进行相互连系的纤维.     

A study on neural mechanism of face processing based on fMRI

Recently, there were debates about the specificity of lateral middle fuisform in face processing. The debates focused on whether these areas were specialized in face processing or involved in processing of visual expertise and categorization at individual level. The present study aims to investigate the neural mechanism of face processing, using Chinese characters as comparison stimuli. Chinese characters are greatly similar to faces on a variety of dimensions, among which the most significant one is that both faces and Chinese characters not only are extremely familiar to literate Chinese adults but also are processed at individual level. In the present study, faces and Chinese characters activated bilateral middle fusiform with great correlation. Greater activities were observed in the right fusiform face area (FFA) for faces than for Chinese characters. These results demonstrate that FFA is specialized in face processing per se rather than the processing of visual expertise and categorization at individual level.     

空间辨别性学习记忆活动对大鼠海马齿状回SDF-1免疫阳性细胞的影响

目的:探讨空间辨别性学习记忆活动引致大鼠海马形态学可塑与海马齿状回内基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)表达的关系。方法:用水迷宫训练SD大鼠建立空间辨别性学习记忆模型,用免疫组化方法和图像分析技术检测大鼠海马齿状回SDF-1免疫阳性细胞的变化。结果:(1)对照组大鼠海马齿状回可见少量SDF-1免疫阳性细胞,阳性细胞胞体呈圆形或椭圆形,胞核较大,胞浆呈棕黄色。阳性细胞主要分布在齿状回颗粒细胞层;游水组大鼠海马齿状回SDF-1免疫阳性细胞的数量和形态与对照组的相比未见差异;模型组大鼠海马齿状回SDF-1免疫阳性细胞数量随着训练时间逐渐增多,细胞形态同对照组,胞浆呈深棕黄色,并有一至多个突起。(2)对照组与游水组7、14、21 d的大鼠海马齿状回SDF-1免疫阳性细胞在形态和数量未见统计学差异(P>0.05);对照组与模型组7、14 d大鼠海马齿状回SDF-1免疫阳性细胞的形态和数量未见统计学差异(P>0.05);模型21 d大鼠齿状回SDF-1免疫阳性细胞的形态和数量与对照组的比有明显统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论:大鼠海马齿状回内SDF-1阳性细胞可能参与空间辨别性学习记忆活动引致的形态学可塑性。