提高注射法导入外源基因棉铃成铃率的技术研究

对采用注射法导入外源基因的棉铃,在激素种类、不同生态条件、结铃部位、结铃性、整枝方式等方面进行分析,探讨了导入棉铃落铃机理和提高导入棉铃成铃率的技术途径。     

OUTPUT FEEDBACK CONTROL FOR MIMO NONLINEAR SYSTEMS WITH EXOGENOUS SIGNALS

The paper addresses the global output tracking of a class of multi-input multi-output （MIMO） nonlinear systems affected by disturbances, which are generated by a known exosystem. An adaptive controller is designed based on the proposed observer and the backstepping approach to asymptotically track arbitrary reference signal and to guarantee the boundedness of all the signals in the closed loop system. Finally, the numerical simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the ProPosed scheme.     

不同外源激素对中华倒刺鲃的催产效果

采用不同外源激素及组合对两批 120尾中华倒刺鲃进行催产试验 ,结果表明 :催产效果以混合激素要优于单一激素,其中以 LRH-A3 HCG DOM试验组效果最佳;催产效果与亲鱼的性腺成熟度相关;在进行人工催产时,应根据催产亲鱼的性腺成熟系数决定外源激素的剂量,性腺成熟系数较大者,其外源激素的剂量宜小些;而性腺成就系数较小者,其外源激素的剂量宜大些.     

经济统计学：从德国传统到当代困境

从经济统计学历史各流派中概括出4种学科范式和3种主要学科观念,进而从基本算法、指标和测度悖律3个方面阐述本学科的基本问题和约束,再从现代经济学的母学科背景来分析经济统计学的当代困境,最后从外生与内生、结构与层次2个方面做出学科展望.     

外源性H2S通过调节β-位淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶1表达对PC12细胞APP／Aβ代谢的影响

目的观察外源性硫化氢对嗜铬细胞瘤细胞β-位淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶1（BACE1）的调节作用,进而探讨其对淀粉样前体蛋白／β-位淀粉样蛋白代谢途径的影响。方法用硫氢化钠作外源性H2s供体,实验设空白对照组、NaHs50μmol／L组、NaHS100μmol／L组和NariS200μmol／L组,按分组浓度处理PC12细胞24h后,RT-PCR和Western blot法检测细胞内BACE1 mRNA及蛋白表达,并用Western blot法继而检测APP代谢过程中关键蛋白APP、C99、C83表达变化,EusA法检测细胞培养液中AB40和AB42水平。结果NaHS在实验浓度范围内从基因与蛋白两个水平上呈剂量依赖性下调BACE1表达,并下调C99、Ap40和Ap42蛋白表达,上调C83蛋白,各NaHS组分别与对照组比较,差别均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而对APP蛋白表达没有影响,各组间比较差别无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论外源性H2s具有通过调节PC12细胞BACE1表达下调APP／Aβ代谢的作用。     

Betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase: just a regulator of homocysteine metabolism?

Betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), a Zn²⁺-dependent thiolmethyltransferase, contributes to the regulation of homocysteine levels, increases in which are considered a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Most plasma homocysteine is generated through the liver methionine cycle, in which BHMT metabolizes approximately 25% of this non-protein amino acid. This process allows recovery of one of the three methylation equivalents used in phosphatidylcholine synthesis through transmethylation, a major homocysteine-producing pathway. Although BHMT has been known for over 40 years, the difficulties encountered in its isolation precluded detailed studies until very recently. Thus, the last 10 years, since the sequence became available, have yielded extensive structural and functional data. Moreover, recent findings offer clues for potential new functions for BHMT. The purpose of this review is to provide an integrated view of the knowledge available on BHMT, and to analyze its putative roles in other processes through interactions uncover to date. Received 26 May 2006; received after revision 3 July 2006; accepted 24 August 2006     

导入野生大豆DNA小麦后代的农艺性状研究

用花粉管通道法将野生大豆总DNA导入小麦，获得了转基因小麦，其后代的农艺性状有较大的变化。田间实验分析了变异系小麦植株与对照植株在叶片的光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶面积及株高、穗粒、穗重等性状上的差异。t检验结果显示，变异系小麦在叶面性状及产量性状上的差异是显著的，外源DNA的导入改善了植物的农艺性状，并在后代中表达，为选育高产、优质的新小麦品种提供了依据。     

大豆自花授粉后外源DNA导入技术的验证

以花生DNA为供体,大豆为受体,在大豆自花授粉后,采用液滴法和注射法导入花生DNA,在受体大豆植株后代中获得了多种变异类型。为探讨外源DNA 导入技术的可靠性,将具有卡那霉素抗性基因的质粒pCaMVneo 用同法导入大豆。所收获的种子发芽后培养于一定浓度的卡那霉素溶液中,其中部分植株对卡那霉素表现抗性,可继续生长发育。分株提取这些植株的DNA,以质粒DNA 为探针,进行斑点杂交.供试的14个植株中出现了13个阳性斑。实验结果证明质粒DNA 已整合到大豆基因组中并获表达,从而间接地证实了授粉后通过花粉管通道导入外源DNA 的技术是可靠的。     

黄瓜外源 DNA 导入技术方法研究

依据黄瓜的花器结构及开花习性,研究了通过花粉管通径将外源DNA 导入黄瓜子房的方式以及DNA 溶液的浓度、用量、pH 值和黄瓜花粉粒的渗透压等因紊对导入效果的影响.采用花粉与DNA 溶液混合授粉和子房微量注射均可成功的获得10~(-2)～10~(-3)的高遗传转化率.证明了应用外源DNA 导入进行黄瓜分子育种的可行性.     

甜瓜下胚轴极性生根机理的研究 Ⅱ外源吲哚乙酸的效应

甜瓜(Cucumis melon L.)下胚轴在正常情况下因形态学下端的内源IAA含量高于形态学上端的而表现为极性生根.附加外源IAA 2.0mg/L可使倒插于培养基中原来不能生根的形态学上端也能生根.倒插时,生根的下胚轴形态学上端内源IAA含量明显升高.因此甜瓜下胚轴形态学上下端生根与否,决定于两端IAA的含量的相对差异.