Petrogenesis of Aoyougou high-silica adakite in the North Qilian orogen, NW China: Evidence for decompression melting of oceanic slab

A trondhjemitic body occurs in the Aoyougou area,the western part of the North Qilian orogen.It is geochemically characterized by high SiO 2,Na 2 O (high Na/K),elevated Sr/Y and (La/Yb) N,positive Sr anomaly,relatively enriched large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and light rare earth elements (LREEs),and depleted Nb,Ta,Ti,resembling the high-silica adakite.Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP dating yields a weighted mean age of 438±3 Ma.This age is significantly younger than eclogitization ages of 460-490 Ma in the North Qilian orogen,suggesting that formation of the adakite postdates the subduction of oceanic crust in association with closure of the ancient Qilian Ocean.Whole-rock Sr and Nd isotopic analyses give initial ratios of I Sr =0.7044 0.7047 and Nd (t)=3.0 4.1,indicating that they are derived from partial melting of the juvenile oceanic crust.In view of the tectonic evolution of the North Qilian orogen,the high-silica adakite was probably derived from decompression melting of the exhumed eclogite at the depth of ～60 km.     

利用低温热年代学数据计算剥露速率的基本方法

 利用低温热年代学数据定量反演岩体的剥露速率及其演化历史已经在地质学相关领域内得到了广泛应用。本文系统介绍了低温热年代学技术记录岩石冷却年龄和反演热史的原理方法,概述了区域地温场函数及其在热年龄解释和剥露速率反演过程中的重要作用,阐述了多种常用的剥露速率计算方法,包括：① 利用矿物的冷却年龄和其所对应封闭温度关系的年龄-封闭温度法;② 基于径迹退火或元素热扩散机制的热史模拟方法;③ 使用多种不同封闭温度的测年体系分析同一样品的矿物对法;④ 应用在近垂直采样剖面获得的样品年龄值和高程关系计算剥露速率的年龄-高程法。在阐述以上基本方法的原理和应用的基础上,提出了应用低温热年学技术反演岩体剥露作用的主要挑战和发展方向。     

Evolution of the Xiaotian-Mozitan fault and its implications for exhumation of Dabie HP-UHP rocks

The Xiaotian-Mozitan fault (XMF) located north of Dabie orogenic belt separates the North Dabie complex to the south from the Beihuaiyang low-grade metamorphic rocks to the north. It comprises several NW-striking ductile shear zones and brittle faults. The brittle faults obviously overprinted on the ductile shear zones and promoted the development of the volcanic basins in early Cretaceous to the north, which suggests that the brittle faults were normal faults formed in early Cretaceous during doming of Dabie orogenic belt. The ductile shear zone superposed on the north Dabie grey gneiss, and it is an important channel where the Dabie HP-UHP rocks exhumed. For obtaining new structural constraint on exhumation of the HP-UHP rocks, we present here experimental results on the microstructure, quartz C-axis fabrics and the microprobe analyses of phengite. The ductile shear zone was determined to be formed at temperature of 600-650℃ and pressure of 1.1 GPa by the mineral deformation, microprobe analyses and geobarometry of Si-in-phengite of the mylonite, the results suggest that the mylonite now exposed on the surface experienced an upper amphibolite-facies metamorphism in the lower crust. The mineral stretching lineation varies from horizontal in the east segment to sub-dip in the west. Shear sense indicators from outcrop and thin sections of orientated specimen and quartz C-axis fabrics suggest that the XMF is a sinistral normal fault. The kinematics analysis of the ductile shear zone indicates that the exhumation of Dabie HP-UHP rocks is the results of a SE-directed extrusion and an anticlockwise rotation around its eastern pivot simultaneously.     

Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic exhumation history of Tiantangzhai region of Dabieshan Orogen： Constraints from （U-Th）／He and fission track analysis

Integrated fission track and (U-Th)/He analysis is carried out on 6 apatite and 6 zircon samples from a near vertical section in The Tiantangzhai region at the core of the present Dabieshan orogen. The result shows that the region experienced cooling/exhumation during the Late Cretaceousand Early Tertiary period. Age-elevation relationships for different dating systems and different minerals suggest a pulse of rapid exhumation at ～110 Ma before present, preserved in the structurally highest samples. At lower elevations, ages begin to decrease with decreasing elevation, suggesting lower exhumation rates since 90 Ma. Two periods of different exhumation rates are identified since 90 Ma. The average apparent exhumation rate for the period of 43.4—22.5 is 0.062 km/Ma, whereas that for the period of 76.4—47.4 Ma is 0.039 km/Ma.     

A perspective view on ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and continental collision in the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt

The study of continental deep-subduction has been one of the forefront and core subjects to advance the plate tectonics theory in the twenty-first century. The Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt in China crops out the largest lithotectonic unit containing ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks in the world. Much of our understanding of the world＇s most enigmatic processes in continental deep-subduction zones has been deduced from various records in the Dabie-Sulu rocks. By taking these rocks as the natural laboratory, earth scientists have made seminal contributions to understanding of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and continental collision. This paper outlines twelve aspects of outstanding progress, including spatial distribution of the UHP metamorphic rocks, timing of the UHP metamorphism, timescale of the UHP metamorphism, the protolith nature of deeply subducted continental crust, subduction erosion and crustal detachment during continental collision, the possible depths of continental subduction, fluid activity in the continental deep-subduction zone, partial melting during continental collision, element mobility in continental deep-subduction zone, recycling of subducted continental crust, geodynamic mechanism of postcollisional magmatism, and lithospheric architecture of collision orogen. Some intriguing questions and directions are also proposed for future studies.     

Seismic tomography showing subduction and slab breakoff of the Yangtze block beneath the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt

Seismic tomography reveals that a subducted ancient block has been preserved beneath the Moho of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt. Taking into account of geological and geochronological data, we inferred from the tomographic images that the Yangtze block was subducted northward beneath the Sino-Korean block and broken off at the depth <200 km during 200—190 Ma. The slab breakoff of the Yangtze block is the most important dynamic mechanism to control the exhumation of UHP rocks.     

Fluid inclusions evidence for differential exhumation of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks in the Sulu terrane

Since the discovery of coesite and diamond inclusions in eclogites from the Dabie-Sulu orogen, east-central China[1―3], this largest ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamor- phic terrane in the world has attracted extensive scientific interests. A number of hydrous minerals such as zoisite, phengite, magnesite and talc have been found in the UHP rocks, showing that fluids have played an important role in this type of extreme metamorphic evolution[4―8]. Sev-eral techniques have been applied to th…     

Mesozoic-Cenozoic thermal history of Turpan-Hami Basin: apatite fission track constraints

Apatite fission track dating is carried out on nine samples collected from the central part (Lianmuqin section) and from both northern and southern margins of Turpan-Hami Basin. The fission-track ages of seven Jurassic samples are distinctly younger than depositional ages. In contrast, the fission-track ages of two Cretaceous samples are older than, or as old as depositional ages. These observations indicate that the Jurassic samples have been annealed or partially annealed, whereas the Cretaceous samples have not been annealed.The further thermal modelling results show that Turpan-Hami Basin experienced a Late Cretaceous period (120-100 Ma) of tectonic uplift with rapid cooling and exhumation of sediments. The samples underwent a Cenozoic period of reburial and re-heating and were exhumed again at 10-8 Ma.     

大容山-十万大山花岗岩带中A型紫苏花岗岩、麻粒岩包体的发现及意义

桂东南大容山-十万大山花岗岩带南部发现的紫苏花岗岩体及其中的大量基性麻粒岩、片麻岩包体的研究表明,麻粒岩包体普遍发育等温减压后成合晶变质结构,其主要变质反应为：Ga Sill→Spl Q;Ga Q→Opx Crd和Gt Sill Q→Crd,显示麻粒岩经历了快速抬升揭顶作用。基性麻粒岩中锆石主要由内核和外壳组成,内核以变质结晶特征为主,外壳为岩浆结晶特征,内核变质结晶年龄集中分布于(950-1100)Ma,外壳岩浆结晶年龄为248Ma,而紫苏花岗岩的Sm—Nd矿物一岩石等时线年龄为202Ma,并具有典型A型花岗岩岩石化学特征,标志着印支期造山作用的结束。据此,提出桂东南印支期A型紫苏花岗岩的源岩为中元古末四堡期造山事件(格林威尔)形成的麻粒岩相变质岩,印支期碰撞造山后的快速抬升伸展揭顶部分熔融作用形成了A型紫苏花岗岩,这为华南中元古末四堡期(格林威尔)江山-绍兴造山带的南延和晚古生代特提斯造山带的东延,以及印支期造山作用的结束提供了重要证据。     

超高压变质作用：地球科学的新热点

超高压质作用是变质压力达2.5Gpa 以上的超深变质作用。以出现柯石英、金刚石等超高压变质矿物为标志。我国大别苏鲁是世界上出露最好、延伸最长的超高压变质带。代表中晚三叠纪扬子陆块向中朝陆块深俯冲过程中巨量陆壳物质曾经进入地幔深度达150Km.超高压变质的形成和折返、隆升岩石记录的精细研究，可以获得变质的PT轨迹，进而重塑“先挤压、后拉张”的构造演化模型。超高压变质作用的研究为板块构造理论在大陆的应用，展开新前景，已经成为地球科学的新热点之一。