光热反射技术测量材料热扩散率的一种新方法

提出一种利用调制光热反射(MPR)技术测量固体材料热扩散率的新方法.通过比较待测样品与已知热扩散率材料幅频特性的差异,得到待测样品的热扩散率.理论分析表明,在利用MPR频响法测量材料热扩散率时,该方法无需测量泵浦和探测光斑半径的大小,可有效地避免泵浦和探测光斑半径的测量误差对热扩散率测量的不利影响.实验结果说明了上述方法的可行性.     

土壤润湿性反转剂的吸附作用及扩散性研究

本研究作为一个系统的研究方法,给灌浆工程提供了一套科学的技术手段,先研究表面活性剂的吸附规律、粘性特征、扩散行为,最终归结为一个数学模型,以此模型预测表面活性剂在土层中的分布和变化规律.     

应用激光闪光法测量薄膜材料的热扩散率

目的是将用于测量片状试样的热扩散率的激光闪光法推广至测量薄膜试样。应用 1 5纳秒脉冲 Nd:YAG激光及响应时间 0 .9微秒的 (Hg,Cd) Te红外探测器等建立了闪光法热扩散率测量系统 ,并应用此系统对微米量级厚度的不锈钢薄膜进行了测量。同时针对将激光闪光法应用于薄膜时所出现的问题 ,如激光的有限脉冲时间及有限吸收厚度效应 ,测量系统的滞后效应 ,以及增强红外吸收及辐射用表面黑化膜的影响进行了分析并提出了解决方法     

等离子复合涂层导温性能与组成和取向的关系

用计算机运控的激光热导仪测定了５００～１４００Ｋ温度范围内不同组成、不同喷涂取向的等离子喷涂复合涂层Ｃｒ３Ｃ２－ＮｉＣｒ的导温系数。实验发现，复合涂层组成相同时，喷涂方向垂直于热流方向的导温系数Ｄ⊥大于喷涂方向平行于热流方向的导温系数Ｄ∥；喷涂取向相同时，复合涂层的导温系数随着ＮｉＣｒ掺入量的增加而增大，文中从理论上对其原因进行了探讨，所得结果为等离子喷涂复合涂层的喷涂工艺设计及应用提供了依据。     

Environmental embrittlement of intermetallics

The effect of alloying elements on the environmental embrittlement of L12 type intermetallics is sum marized. The results show that the ductilizing effect of boron doping in Ni3A1 is mainly to suppress the moisture-induced environmental embrittlement. The mechanism of this suppression effect is proved to lie in the fact that it severely reduces the hydrogen diffusivity along the grain boundaries. However, the boron doping in Co3Ti alloys does not have the same effect of suppressing the environmental embrittlement. The different behavior of boron doping in Ni3A1 and Co3Ti may be attributed to its different segregation behavior on the grain boundaries. Boron in Co3Ti does not segregate on the grain boundaries and cannot effectively reduce the hydrogen diffusivity along the grain boundaries. The moisture-induced envi ronmental embrittlement of Co3Ti alloy can be completely suppressed by the addition of Fe. As proved by Auger, this suppression effect is due to its obvious reduction of the surface kinetic reaction with water vapor.     

Effects of Carbon Content and Solidification Rate on the Thermal Conductivity of Grey Cast Iron

The thermal conductivity/diffusivity of pearlitic grey irons with various carbon contents was investigated by the laser flash method. The materials were cast in controlled thermal environments producing three dissimilar cooling rates. The cooling rates together with the carbon content largely influence the thermal conductivity of grey iron. Linear relationships exist between the thermal conductivity and the carbon content, the carbon equivalent, and the fraction of the former primary solidified austenite transformed into pearlite. The results show that the optimal thermal transport properties are obtained at medium cooling rates. Equations are given for the thermal conductivity of pearlite, solidified as pre-eutectic austenite, and the eutectic of grey iron. The thermal conductivity of pearlitic grey iron is modelled at both room temperature and elevated temperatures with good accuracy.     

搅拌槽液相吸附过程的数学模拟研究—粒内细孔扩散控制

分别利用Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ、Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ和Ｆｒｉｔｚ－Ｓｃｈｌｕｎｄｅｒ３种等温吸附平衡关系，对粒内细孔扩散控制时的搅拌槽液相吸附动力学过程进行了数学模拟研究，同时指出：日本学者铃木基之和河添帮太朗等人在应用单点拟合法确定粒内有效细孔扩散系数Ｄｐ时，将无因次吸附时间等于１０视为吸附平衡时间是不合理的，并对此问题提出了相应的修正意见．     

氮化铝样品厚度与热扩散率关系研究

应用激光闪光技术测量不同厚度的氮化铝AlN样品时,发现热扩散率测得值随样品厚度的减小而降低。这一现象无法用传统的理论加以解释。我们在考虑了AlN材料的部分透光性之后,推导出与传统公式不同的半经验半理论公式,应用此公式可克服上述现象及矛盾。传统公式是新公式的一个特例。