The effects of the guide field on the structures of electron density depletions in collisionless magnetic reconnection

Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed to investigate the formation of electron density depletions in collisionless magnetic reconnection.In anti-parallel reconnection,the quadrupole structures of the out-of-plane magnetic field are formed,and four symmetric electron density depletion layers can be found along the separatrices due to the effects of magetic mirror.With the increase of the initial guide field,the symmetry of both the out-of-plane magnetic field and electron density depletion layers is distorted.When the initial guide field is sufficiently large,the electron density depletion layers along the lower left and upper right separatrices disappear.The parallel electric field in guide field reconnection is found to play an important role in forming such structures of the electron density depletion layers.The structures of the out-of-plane magnetic field By and electron depletion layers in anti-parallel and guide field reconnection are found to be related to electron flow or in-plane currents in the separatrix regions.In anti-parallel reconnection,electrons flow towards the X line along the separatrices,and are directed away from the X line along the magnetic field lines just inside the separatrices.In guide field reconnection,electrons can only flow towards the X line along the upper left and lower right separatrices due to the existence of the parallel electric field in these regions.     

静电势对带电胶体系统排空作用的影响

在受两平行硬板约束,其中一块板带电且大胶球靠近带电板一侧的弱带电胶体系统中,采用四维超球面法计算系统的能量,通过接受率方法计算胶球与板之间的排空作用,并与不带电的硬球系统中相应结果进行分析对比,结果发现静电势能增强带电胶球与约束硬板之间的排空作用.     

蒙特卡罗方法的尺寸效应

通过Monte Carlo方法对硬胶球系统的排空作用进行了研究。在模拟研究中,通过对不同尺寸单元内胶体的排空力的研究揭示尺寸效应的存在。研究结果显示当模拟单元的尺寸较小时。同一浓度胶体的排空力与尺寸较大的系统会有明显的变化．而当模拟盒子的尺寸较大时,同一浓度胶体的排空力基本不变化。     

Protein aggregation as primary and characteristic cell reaction to various stresses

Ehrlich carcinoma and EL-4 thymoma ascites cells were subjected in vitro to heat shock, ATP depletion, oxidative stress, Ca²⁺ overlading and iodoacetamide treatment. After the transient stresses, Triton (X-100)-insoluble TIS) fractions were isolated from the cells and analysed by electrophoresis and immunoblotting. All stresses used caused rapid aggregation of cell proteins. This was manifested in a signficant rise in protein content in the TIS fractions. The protein increase was mostly due to and increase in the insolubility of actin, 57 kDa protein of intermediate filaments, 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP 70), and some specific proteins whose insolubilization was a characteristic sign for each type of cell injury. Different survival rates in the cell lines after either stress corrlated well with differences in their TIS protein accretion. Possible mechanisms for stress-induced protein aggregation and its relationship with cell viability are suggested.     

大气臭氧层变化、太阳活动与中国流脑及人间鼠疫流地特征的关系研究

通过以1950－1989年有关的资料系列进行分析后，首次研究和报道了中国大气臭层变化、太阳活动与流行性脑脊髓膜炎（ECM）及人间鼠疫（HP）两类传染病发病率流行周期特征之间的关系，研究结果表明：①由较长时段看，自氧层变化／太阳活动与ECM及HP年发病率间存在着较为密切的相关；②从较短时段看，发病率的季节变化与某些气象因子的变化有一定的关系，最后，提出了一个解释这两类疾病周期流行机制的简单模型。     

对长坡矿坑口运输及开采方法的改进

一个探采结合的小矿山,需要进行技术改造,扩大再生产。但是在坑口运输及开采方法方面,遇到了技术上的困难。在少花钱、少添设备、保证安全、多产矿石的条件下,选择一个合理的技术改造方案。本文正是这一方案的选择与论证。     

硅单晶杂质补偿度对超高反压大功率晶体管耐压特性的影响

一、引言 超高反压大功率晶体管DF104是电视机的重要电子器件。提高其质量和合格率是发展国产电视机的重要课题之一。在严格的器件设计和工艺条件下,采用低补偿度的优质硅单晶材料,能有效地提高这晶体管的击穿电压及其合格率,从而降低其成本。 实验用的衬底硅单晶片是电阻率大体相同(P≈80Ωom)的N-Si。实验时,从同一硅单晶锭切下硅片,用55K低温霍尔法和迭代法抽样检测其杂质补偿度K,再将和抽样检测样品相邻的硅片,经严格抛光清洗之后投片生产晶体管。每次生产条件严格保持相同。对生产出的晶体管,统测其耐压BV_(ceo)和BV_(cbo)及其合格率ξ,η等。合格率ξ和η分别定义为耐压≥某额定耐压BV_(ceo)和BV_(cbo)的成品数对总成品数之比。     

LCA中非生物性资源耗竭特征化因子及其变化

非生物性资源的耗竭是生命周期评价中关注的重要环境问题之一.目前该类资源耗竭潜力的特征化因子还多使用Guinée等10多年前提出的数据,随着时间的变化,这些数据是否仍然有效,是一个值得关注的问题.利用最近几年的资源消耗数据,计算了2004～2009年全球主要资源的耗竭潜力特征化因子,并与1995年数据进行了比较,发现除个别年产量有较大变化的资源外,大多数资源的耗竭潜力特征化因子均无大的变化,表明以往采用Guinée等（1995）提出的特征化因子所开展的绝大多数案例研究结果受时间变化的影响较小,具有较好的可比性和可信度.     

304奥氏体不锈钢晶界贫Cr的数值模拟

应用基于铬扩散的半经验-半理论公式模型模拟304不锈钢的晶界贫Cr现象。运用该模型不但可以预测不同的热处理温度和时间下304不锈钢热处理过程中晶界上最小Cr的质量分数,而且还可以分析晶界附近Cr的质量分数分布,由模拟结果可进一步得到更宽范围内的温度-时间-质量分数图(TTC)。模拟结果表明:贫Cr区的宽度随敏化时间和温度的增加逐渐变宽;表征材料晶间(应力)腐蚀敏感性的TTC图与参考文献的模拟与实验结果基本一致。     

基于智能优化粒子滤波算法的人体运动目标跟踪

粒子滤波算法应用于目标跟踪时,存在样本贫化和计算量大的问题,提出了一种基于智能优化粒子滤波算法.利用粒子群算法良好的局部寻优和全局寻优能力对重采样之后的粒子集进行操作,使粒子可以智能地合作起来,减轻样本贫化.实验结果表明,该算法实时性强,提高目标状态的估计精度,缩短了计算时间,其滤波性能优于常规粒子滤波算法.