青稞脱水素基因dhn4的克隆与原核表达

用RT-PCR的方法从重要的高原作物青稞(Hordeum vulgare L.vat.nudum Hook.f.)中克隆到了脱水素基因dhn4,其编码区长为678 bp,所编码的蛋白质DHN4为YSK2型脱水素.经预测,该蛋白二级结构易形成α-螺旋,并无固定的三级结构.将dhn4基因cDNA编码区定向克隆到载体PEW30-c上,获得了重组质粒PET-dhn4,该重组质粒再转化到大肠杆菌BL21茵株,37℃经1.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导获得了大量分子量约为35 kD的融合蛋白.然后用亲和层析的方法对该蛋白进行纯化,得到了纯化的脱水素DHN4蛋白.     

脱水蛋白DHN1表达载体pBV221-dhn1的构建及基因表达

以克隆载体 pTZ 19R dhn1(ZM )为基础 ,构建脱水蛋白DHN1表达载体 pBV2 2 1 dhn1.采用PCR技术从克隆载体 pTZ 19R dhn1(ZM )上扩增dhn1片段 ,并引入NcoⅠ /BamHⅠ酶切位点 ,然后与 pBV2 2 1原核表达载体连接 ,得到 pBV2 2 1 dhn1表达载体 .阳性克隆经PCR和NcoⅠ /BamHⅠ酶切检测都得到 516bp的dhn1片段 ,且序列正确 .表达载体pBV2 2 1 dhn1转化宿主菌后能够表达产生相对分子质量为 2 2× 10 3的DHN1,该蛋白具有高温可溶性 .以上结果表明 ,本实验得到了高效表达的脱水蛋白DHN1表达载体 pBV2 2 1 dhn1.     

Molecular mechanism of dehydrin in response to environmental stress in plant

Dehydrins, known as the D-11 subgroup of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein, are an immunologically distinct family of proteins, which typically accumulate in desiccation-tolerant seed embryo or in vegetative tissues in response to various environmental stresses such as drought, salinity and freezing. The existence of conservative sequences designated as K, S, and Y segments is a structural feature of dehydrins, and the K segment found in all dehydrins represents a highly conserved 15 amino acid motif (EKKGIMDKIKEKLPG) and forms an amphiphilicα-helix. According to the arrangement of these domains and clustering analysis, dehydrins are subdivided into 5 subtypes: YnSK, Kn, KnS, SKn and YnK. Different types of dehydrins are induced by different environmental stress in plants. Study results showed that dehydrins might play important protective roles under abiotic stress via a number of different mechanisms, including improving or protecting enzyme activities by the cryoprotective activity in responding to freeze/thaw or dehydration; stabilizing vesicles or other endomembrane structures by function as the membrane stabilizer during freeze induced dehydration, and preventing the membrane system from the oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen radicals as the radical scavenger. Here, the gene expression and molecular mechanisms of dehydrin in response to stress in plants are discussed.     

Molecular mechanism of dehydrin in response to environmental stress in plant

Dehydrins， known as the D-11 subgroup of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein, are an immunologically distinct family of proteins, which typically accumulate in desiccation-tolerant seed embryo or in vegetative tissues in response to various environmental stresses such as drought, salinity and freezing. The existence of conservative sequences designated as K, S, and Y segments is a structural feature of dehydrins, and the K segment found in all dehydrins represents a highly conserved 15 amino acid motif (EKKGIMDKIKEKLPG) and forms an amphiphilic α-helix. According to the arrangement of these domains and clustering analysis, dehydrins are subdivided into 5 subtypes: YnSK, Kn, KnS, SKn and YnK. Different types of dehydrins are induced by different environmental stress in plants. Study results showed that dehydrins might play important protective roles under abiotic stress via a number of different mechanisms, including improving or protecting enzyme activities by the cryoprotective activity in responding to freeze/thaw or dehydration; stabilizing vesicles or other endomembrane structures by function as the membrane stabilizer during freeze induced dehydration, and preventing the membrane system from the oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen radicals as the radical scavenger. Here, the gene expression and molecular mechanisms of dehydrin in response to stress in plants are discussed.     

Cloning and expression pattern of a dehydrin-likeBDN1 gene from drought-tolerantBoea crassifolia Hemsl.

A 500-bp cDNA fragment was amplified via RT-PCR from drought-induced total RNA of the drought-tolerant B. crassifolia Hemsl. using primers based on the sequence of published dehydrin conserved region. By using 5′RACE, full-length coding region (1 148 bp) of BDN1 gene was produced. It is a new member of the dehydrin gene family. Southern analysis indicated that BDN1 is present in the B. crassifolia genome as a single-copy gene. Northern analysis revealed that its expression is inducible by drought and cold stresses as well as ABA application.     

植物在渗透胁迫下信号转导的级联机制

研究植物在渗透胁迫下信号转导的级联机制,对于有效调控植物在逆境中的生长发育,提高其抗逆性和生存能力具有重要的指导意义．根据近年来国内外的研究成果和报道,综述了植物细胞在渗透胁迫下感受到信号后,相继产生许多信号分子,这些信号分子通过细胞壁-质膜-细胞骨架连续体,引起细胞骨架蛋白变构而传递信息,并与细胞膜蛋白、第二信使系统以及调节因子构成了信号传递网,最终有条不紊地引起特定的基因表达和应答．