基于多特显点的干涉ISAR横向定标技术

针对干涉式逆合成孔径雷达(InISAR)成像时低信噪比和干涉相位缠绕带来的问题,利用ISAR图像强像素点处信噪比较强的这一特性,提出了一种新的基于多特显点的InISAR成像方法.该方法利用ISAR图像中若干特显点的解缠绕后的真实相位差,解得特显点的横距;然后根据特显点的多普勒频率和横距的关系,对整幅ISAR像进行横向定标.仿真结果表明,该方法对噪声有较强的稳健性,其能正确成像时的信噪比水平与传统方法相比有10-15 dB的降低.     

基于麦克斯韦电路理论的方环散射体

不同于传统数值计算方法,麦克斯韦电路(MC)理论融合了场的理论和路的理论,使二者高效地结合在一起.运用麦克斯韦电路理论分析方环散射体,研究方环散射体的MC求解方法以及MC的宽带特性,求出其散射电流,数值实验结果与矩量法结果吻合良好.研究还发现,MC可以在一个较宽的频带上得到准确电流解,因此,比其他数值方法更加高效和实用.     

离体猪肝组织散射元平均间距的小波估计

基于准规则排列散射元,构建了生物组织的超声散射模型,用小波分析方法处理了模拟肝脏和新鲜狸肝组织的超声回波信号,得到该方法下离体猪肝的散射元平均间距ｄ＝１．６１９ｍｍ,同时,文中就小波分析方法与基于ＡＲ模型的估计方法作了比较,研究表明,小波分析既能较好地估计出生物组织散射元的平均间距,也可以估计出其空间分布,从而避免利用ＡＲ模型估计时,由于ＡＲ阶次的不确定而带来的误差。     

Taiyuan City subsidence observed with Persistent Scatterer InSAR

C- and X-bands Synthetic Aperture Radar（SAR） images acquired from February 2009 to September 2010 were processed with Persistent Scatterer Interferometry（PS-InSAR） algorithm to investigate spatial and temporal variations in deformation over Taiyuan City, China. The spatial pattern of subsidence and the magnitude of subsidence rate are similar in the velocity field maps achieved by the algorithm from these two data sets. It shows that there are four primary subsidence centers in Taiyuan City：Xiayuan, Wujiabao, Xiaodian, Sunjiazhai, which are near the groundwater extraction wells. The maximum subsidence rate is up to 70 mm/year at Sunjiazhai. The locus of maximum subsidence has shifted from its historical location in the north to the south. In view of the severe shortage of water resources and presented features of subsidence over Taiyuan City, we inferred that excessive pumping of groundwater was the dominant reason of land subsidence.     

应用蒙特卡罗程序测定康普顿波长

选择入射光波长λ0=0．07078nm，4Be忱为散射物质，通过蒙特卡罗程序（MCNP-4C）模拟了康普顿效应的实验过程．模拟数据反映了康普顿效应的特点，并得到了康普顿波长，得到的结论与理论值相符．     

Robust detector for range-spread targets in non-Gaussian background

Based on the target scatterer density,the range-spread target detection of high-resolution radar is addressed in additive non-Gaussian clutter,which is modeled as a spherically invariant random vector.Firstly,for sparse scatterer density,the detection of target scatterer in each range cell is derived,and then an M/K detector is proposed to detect the whole range-spread target.Secondly,an integrating detector is devised to detect a range-spread target with dense scatterer density.Finally,to make the best of the advantages of M/K detector and integrating detector,a robust detector based on scatterer density(DBSD) is designed,which can reduce the probable collapsing loss or quantization error effectively.Moreover,the density decision factor of DBSD is also determined.The formula of the false alarm probability is derived for DBSD.It is proved that the DBSD ensures a constant false alarm rate property.Furthermore,the computational results indicate that the DBSD is robust to different clutter one-lag correlations and target scatterer densities.It is also shown that the DBSD outperforms the existing scatterer-density-dependent detector.     

融合GPS数据的PSDInSAR公用主影像的优化选取

分析了永久散射体合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量(PS - DInSAR)引起相干性损失的主要影响因子,提出一种顾及大气延迟变化差异的PS - DInSAR公用主影像的优化选取方法,给出了具体的函数模型、建模思想及求解方法.借助天津地区欧空局ENVISAT(environmental satellite)卫星ASAR(advanced synthetic aperture radar)影像和连续运行GPS(global positioning system)永久监测站数据为源数据,采用Bernese 5.0和Matlab7.1及Shell自编程序等开展了融合GPS数据的公用主影像的优化选取实验.实验结果表明,融合GPS数据的模型相关系数法能准确快速地从多幅SAR影像中选出最优公用主影像,为PS - DInSAR的高精度形变监测奠定了基础.     

PS-InSAR技术在兰州市地面形变中的监测应用

近年来,由于城市地表沉降带来的次生灾害后果愈加严重,给城市的发展带来了诸多隐患,因此对城市进行长时间序列的形变监测具有重要的现实意义,而传统的监测方法无法获取城市大面积的地表形变信息.合成孔径雷达遥感(interfer-ometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR)技术在大规模地表形变监测中具有独特的优势.兰州市地质条件特殊,地貌条件复杂,是中国地质灾害发生频率较大的区域之一.采用63景Sentinel-1A和5景Sentinel-1B数据基于永久散射体合成孔径雷达干涉(persistent scatterer interferometric synthetic aperture radar,PS-InSAR)测量技术获取了2014年10月—2020年4月的兰州市城区的地面形变场.研究结果表明,兰州市城区地表形变较小,临近城区周边的几处村镇存在着不同程度的沉降,且部分区域的沉降呈现出逐渐加快的趋势.     

基于圆弓形散射元的光子晶体禁带研究

基于对光子晶体禁带影响因素的研究,设计了圆弓形和非对称圆弓形两种新型散射元。并利用平面波展开法,根据六边形排列结构,对两种新型散射元禁带宽度进行模拟计算,比较了TE模式和TM模式禁带关系和相对禁带宽度。结果表明,两种新型散射元不但可以获得更大的光子晶体禁带宽度,而且可以方便地调整禁带的位置。     

Optimum selection of common master image for ground deformation monitoring based on PS-DInSAR technique

Considering the joint effects of various factors such as temporal baseline, spatial baseline, thermal noise, the difference of Doppler centroid frequency and the error of data processing on the interference correlation, an optimum selection method of common master images for ground deformation monitoring based on the permanent scatterer and differential SAR interferometry (PS-DInSAR) technique is proposed, in which the joint correlation coefficient is used as the evaluation function. The principle and realization method of PS-DInSAR technology is introduced, the factors affecting the DInSAR correlation are analysed, and the joint correlation function model and its solution are presented. Finally an experiment for the optimum selection of common master images is performed by using 25 SAR images over Shanghai taken by the ERS-1/2 as test data. The results indicate that the optimum selection method for PS-DInSAR common master images is effective and reliable.