再生混凝土技术及其应用

研究了再生混凝土集料的来源与性质,通过掺入适量外加剂,解决了用水量大、干缩率高的问题。将再生混凝土性能与普通混凝土进行比较,体现再生混凝土性能优越、强度稳定及经济效益明显的显著特性。进一步提出设计再生高强混凝土的可行性,讨论再生混凝土的适用范围,结论表明,该技术完全可以在实际工程中得到广泛应用。     

酸性木聚糖酶交联酶聚集体的制备条件优化

交联酶聚集体法是一种新型的无载体酶固定化方法,为提高酸性木聚糖酶的稳定性,使用该法固定化微紫青霉产酸性木聚糖酶,制备无载体固定化木聚糖酶,并对其制备条件进行优化。结果表明,优选的制备条件为将质量浓度0.36mg/mL的酸性木聚糖酶粗酶液在冰水浴中经饱和质量分数为85%的硫酸铵沉淀30min后,于40℃,加入终体积分数为0.14%的戊二醛,交联4h可获得较高活性的交联酶聚集体,酶活保留率达42.2%。这有助于酸性木聚糖酶更好地在工业中应用。     

级配碎石回弹变形特性

级配碎石具有非线性的应力-应变特性,回弹模量是有效描述这一特性的参数,通过室内动三轴试验能够得到较好的模拟级配碎石回弹模量的模型。分析了影响级配碎石回弹变形特性的各种因素,并进行了试验验证。通过数据拟合发现,Uzan模型能更好地反映级配碎石的非线性回弹变形特性,且模型中的回归参数与级配中小于0.075mm筛孔的质量分数有一定的关联性。并针对影响级配碎石回弹模量的两个重要参数:级配中小于0.075mm筛孔的质量分数和含水质量分数,提出相应的取值范围建议。     

Unobserved components in ARCH models: An application to seasonal adjustment

The paper deals with unobserved components in ARIMA models with GARCH errors, in the context of an actual application, namely seasonal adjustment of the monthly Spanish money supply series. The series shows clear evidence of (moderate) non-linearity, which does not disappear with simple outlier correction. The GARCH structure explains reasonably well the non-linearity, and this explanation is robust with respect to the GARCH specification. We look at the time variation of the standard error of the adjusted series estimator and show how it can be measured. Next, we look at the implications this variation has on short-term monetary control. The non-linearity seems to have a small effect in practice. It is further seen that the conditional variance of the GARCH process may, in turn, be decomposed into components. In fact, the conditional variance of the money supply series is the sum of a weak linear trend, a strong non-linear seasonal component, and a moderate non-linear irregular component. This information has policy implications: for example, there are periods in the year when policy can be more assertive because information is more precise. Finally, looking at the non-linear components of the money supply it is seen how linear combinations of non-linear series can produce series that behave linearly.     

Basal autophagy is involved in the degradation of the ERAD component EDEM1

Little is known about the fate of machinery proteins of the protein quality control and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-associated degradation (ERAD). We investigated the degradation of the ERAD component EDEM1, which directs overexpressed misfolded glycoproteins to degradation. Endogenous EDEM1 was studied since EDEM1 overexpression not only resulted in inappropriate occurrence throughout the ER but also caused cytotoxic effects. Proteasome inhibitors had no effect on the clearance of endogenous EDEM1 in non-starved cells. However, EDEM1 could be detected by immunocytochemistry in autophagosomes and biochemically in LC3 immuno-purified autophagosomes. Furthermore, influencing the lysosome-autophagy pathway by vinblastine or pepstatin A/E64d and inhibiting autophagosome formation by 3-methyladenine or ATGs short interfering RNA knockdown stabilized EDEM1. Autophagic degradation involved removal of cytosolic Triton X-100-insoluble deglycosylated EDEM1, but not of EDEM1-containing ER cisternae. Our studies demonstrate that endogenous EDEM1 in cells not stressed by the expression of a transgenic misfolded protein reaches the cytosol and is degraded by basal autophagy. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Received 15 January 2009; received after revision 16 February 2009; accepted 17 February 2009 V. Le Fourn, K. Gaplovska-Kysela: These authors equally contributed to this work.     

喷射式坑槽修补机集料喷射效率研究

为提高喷射式坑槽修补机集料喷射效率,利用龙格库塔法求解了集料颗粒群的运动微分方程,分析了气流速度、管道内径、管道倾斜角、管道材料和集料空气体积比率对集料输送特性的影响.提出了适用于喷射式坑槽修补机气力输送系统工作效率的评价指标,在多变量条件下分析输送系统压降、功率消耗和工作效率的变化规律.得出了集料空气质量混合比、管道内径和气流速度等参数的设计匹配原则.实验对比结果表明:压降最小时的气流速度误差在10%以内,管道内径只需满足所输送的集料粒径和质量流率即可,高效的集料输送区间可选择集料空气质量混合比8~10,相应气流速度大小为20~25m/s.     

碱性蛋白酶交联聚集体的制备及其催化性能研究

碱性蛋白酶在食品、医药、酿造、丝绸、皮革等行业中发挥着重要作用。制备了碱性蛋白酶交联体,并对其催化性能进行研究。在最佳制备条件下(90%叔丁醇作为沉淀剂,沉淀时间为15min,交联剂浓度为33mmol/L,交联时间为6h),交联酶的酶活回收率为22.6%。与游离酶相比,交联酶的最适pH值向碱性方向变化,由7.5变为8.0,最适温度由60℃变成65℃。酶动力学研究表明,交联酶对酪蛋白的催化水解能力(4.3min-1)比游离酶(3.7min-1)更高。尽管交联酶最大反应速度V_max(9.8mg/(mL·min))低于游离酶(13.3mg/(mL·min)),但交联酶对底物的亲和力K_m(2.3mg/mL)比游离酶(3.6mg/mL)有所增加,而且其热稳定性和酸碱稳定性都得到一定程度的提高。另外,在磷酸盐缓冲液中重复使用5和8批次后,交联酶还能保持82.5%和56.5%的酶活性。     

ARFIMA approximation and forecasting of the limiting aggregate structure of long‐memory process

This article studies Man and Tiao's (2006) low‐order autoregressive fractionally integrated moving‐average (ARFIMA) approximation to Tsai and Chan's (2005b) limiting aggregate structure of the long‐memory process. In matching the autocorrelations, we demonstrate that the approximation works well, especially for larger d values. In computing autocorrelations over long lags for larger d value, using the exact formula one might encounter numerical problems. The use of the ARFIMA(0, d, d?₁) model provides a useful alternative to compute the autocorrelations as a really close approximation. In forecasting future aggregates, we demonstrate the close performance of using the ARFIMA(0, d, d?₁) model and the exact aggregate structure. In practice, this provides a justification for the use of a low‐order ARFIMA model in predicting future aggregates of long‐memory process. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于元模型的战场环境多分辨率建模

为了满足复杂仿真系统对战场环境模型不同分辨率的要求,解决不同分辨率环境模型的转换问题,给出了基于元模型的多谱线分辨率战场环境建模方法.该方法首先对将要建模与仿真的战场环境进行分解,得出战场环境模型的组成部分及战场环境与军用仿真实体的5个交互类别,然后通过战场环境的元建模参考框架,给出了战场环境元模型最基本的组成要素,利用递阶层次的元模型来构造各个环境模块,最后使用BNF来实现战场环境的元模型,通过合并元模型的相同节点来实现不同层次细节和详细层度的多谱线分辨率环境模型,也保证了战场环境模型的语法一致性.     

Inflation forecasting for aggregates of the EU-7 and EU-14 with Bayesian VAR models

This article applies the Bayesian Vector Auto-Regressive (BVAR) model to key economic aggregates of the EU-7, consisting of the former narrow-band ERM members plus Austria, and the EU-14. This model appears to be useful as an additional forecasting tool besides structural macroeconomic models, as is shown both by absolute forecasting performance and by a comparison of ex-post BVAR forecasts with forecasts by the OECD. A comparison of the aggregate models to single-country models reveals that pooling has a strong impact on forecast errors. If forecast errors are interpreted as shocks, shocks appear to be—at least in part—asymmetric, or countries react differently to shocks. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.