Molecular recognition study on a supramolecular system (Ⅷ) --The fluoroscopic study on inclusion complexation of adamantanol with cyclodextrin derivatives

The fluorescence spectral titrations have been performed in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7 2) at room temperature to give the stability constants for inclusion complexation of a series of chemically modified β cyclodextrins bearing aromatic groups with adamantanol. The molecular recognition mechanism is discussed from the viewpoint of the structural factors, electron effect of the substitutent groups and the size and chain length of the fluorophore. The results indicate that the complex stability of the cyclodextrin derivatives bearing a positively charged pyridinio moiety can be enhanced by the electrostatic interaction between the host cyclodextrins and the adamantanol guest and the microenvironment change plays a crucial role in the inclusion complexation.     

河流表层沉积物界面性质的研究

运用表面络合模式和原理，研究了黄河表层沉积物的界面特征，确定了零电点、电荷密度、表面吸附位和表面固有常数，用原子吸收分光光度法测定了天然水环境生物膜对铜和镉的吸附作用。     

Optical sensing of explosives in wastewater by competitive complexation

A facile strategy for optical sensing of explosives with the assistance of 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine(MEL) in aqueous solution is proposed. Upon exposure to MEL, the electron-sufficient amino group in MEL was prone to form complexes with electron-deficient nitro group in explosives. The interaction could be tuned by the amount of MEL to fully consumed nitro-contained explosives dissolved in wastewater, thus prevented the gold nanoparticles(GNPs) from combining with MEL. In comparison with common detection method, the dose-response curve procedure reported here was in good linear relationship from 0 μM to 80 μM with good correlation factor(R~2= 0.9871), and was satisfactorily agreed with the proposed theoretical model. The detection limit(Lo D) was1.1 μM by spectrometer, 3.0 μM visualized by naked eyes and 21.3 nM by calculation. The procedure described in this study could be finished within a few minutes and showed its effectiveness in explosive detection upright on the gold surface in real wastewater, making this proposed method a powerful tool in several sensing platforms.     

聚丙烯酰胺复配物在自激式除尘器中的应用

为了提高自激式除尘器对呼吸性粉尘的去除效率,同时降低除尘能耗,将聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）、琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸钠（AOT）、硫酸钠和氢氧化钠或盐酸溶液进行复配,形成的PAM复配物用于自激式除尘器,对除尘情况进行了相关研究．从理论上分析了该复配物的除尘降阻机理,分别使用纯水、AOT溶液和PAM复配物溶液在自激式除尘器中进行了对比试验．结果表明,自激式除尘器使用PAM复配物溶液不但可以提高全尘特别是呼吸性粉尘的除尘效率,而且降低除尘器的阻力损失,减少能耗,在相同除尘效率和处理风量下,自激式除尘器使用PAM复配物溶液比使用纯水更经济、合理．     

络合吸附剂脱除FCC汽油中硫化物的研究

制备了过渡金属离子Ag^＋，Cu^＋，Co^＋，Ni^＋的络合吸附剂Ag-SiO2，Ag-Al2O3，Ag-Y，Cu（Ⅱ）-Y，Co-Y。Ni-Y，分别在氮气和氦气环境中、450℃条件下，对Cu（Ⅱ）-Y进行了自动还原处理，制备了Cu（Ⅱ）-Y和Cu（Ⅱ）-Y（N2）吸附剂。在固定床吸附器上，常温、常压下考察了吸附剂对汽油模型化合物MLO-1（正庚烷中含噻吩硫2000μg／g）的脱硫效果和模型化合物中芳烃（甲苯）对Cu（Ⅱ）-Y吸附脱硫效果的影响。结果显示，Cu（Ⅱ）-Y对硫的破点吸附量比Cu（Ⅱ）-Y（N2）高出近1，5倍；吸附剂对硫的破点吸附量由小到大的顺序为：Na-Y，Ni-Y，Co-Y，Ag-Y，Cu（Ⅱ）-Y；Cu（Ⅱ）-Y处理不含芳烃模型化合物MLO-1时。每100g吸附剂硫的破点吸附量为4．6g，处理含芳烃模型化合物MLO-2（正庚烷中含噻吩硫2000μg／g、含苯1％）时，每100g吸附剂中硫的破点吸附量为1．8g。     

用阳极溶出伏安法研究天然水中铅与有机物作用的特性

将内蒙古的呼伦湖，中国南海北部的所有水样通过０．４５μｍ过滤，用阳极溶出伏安法进行测定，在天然ｐＨ下，测定了铅的表观络合容量和条件稳定常数，呼伦湖的络合容量（Ｃ．Ｃ）比海水大，ｌｏｇＫ相近，海水的Ｃ．Ｃ极大值在表层，随深度增加而减小。     

Molecular recognition study on a supramolecular system (VIII)

The fluorescence spectral titrations have been performed in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2) at room temperature to give the stability constants for inclusion complexation of a series of chemically modified β-cyclodextrins bearing aromatic groups with adamantanol. Thc molecular recognition mechanism is discussed from the viewpoint of the structural factors, electron effect of the substitutent groups and thc size and chain length of the fluorophore. The results indicate that the complex stability of the cyclodextrin derivatives bearing a positively charged pyridinio moiety can be enhanced by the electrostatic interaction between the host cyclodextrins and the adamantanol guest and the microenvironment change plays a crucial role in the inclusion complexation.     

β-环糊精对多菌灵的荧光增敏效应研究

研究了β-环糊精和多菌灵在水相中形成的超分子体系的荧光光谱,得到了不同浓度和不同pH值溶液中客体分子的荧光光谱。研究发现,在水相中,β-环糊精和多菌灵形成了1:1的超分子体系,包合常数为3.2×10²,与单体分子相比,空腔内多菌灵的荧光强度大大提高。β-环糊精的浓度为8×10^-4~5.6*10^-3 mol·L^-1时,空腔内多菌灵的荧光强度随着β-环糊精浓度的增加而增强。多菌灵的荧光强度在酸性水溶液中具有很强的增强效应,而在中性和碱性介质中,其荧光增强效应较为平缓。在pH=7.6的溶液中,多菌灵在β-环糊精空腔内的荧光强度达到最大。多菌灵在质量浓度为0.46~6.16 ng·mL^-1范围内呈现良好的线性关系,回归方程为F=5.37C( ng·mL^-1)+148.54,相关系数为0.999 3。利用荧光增强效应,得到该超分子体系对多菌灵的检测限为60 pg·mL^-1,是已经报道检测限(4.78 ng·mL^-1)的百分之一。     

紫苏油中α-亚麻酸的分离纯化

研究了紫苏油中α–亚麻酸的分离纯化技术.采用尿素包合与硝酸银溶液络合萃取相结合的方法,考察了尿素包合过程中混合脂肪酸、尿素、乙醇的比例以及硝酸银萃取过程中硝酸银浓度对α–亚麻酸纯化的影响.结果表明,在脂肪酸、尿素和95%乙醇质量比为1﹕1.5﹕4.8,包合温度为–18,℃,包合时间为12,h,硝酸银浓度为4,mol/L,0,℃条件下络合,α–亚麻酸纯度达99.08%,回收率为39.24%,尿素和硝酸银的回收率分别为60%和90%以上.     

丙烯酸-马来酸共聚物强化超滤处理含镍废水

以丙烯酸-马来酸共聚物(PMA-100)为络合剂,研究聚合物络合金属离子的强化超滤处理含镍废水,研究聚合物与金属离子质量比(mP/mM)、溶液pH、盐浓度、操作压力、运行时间等对镍离子截留率的影响。研究结果表明:溶液pH对金属离子截留率影响很大,在一定mP/mM下,pH在3～7的范围内,适当提高溶液pH有利于镍离子的截留;在一定pH下,镍离子的截留率R随mP/mM的增加而增加;溶液pH=6.0,mP/mM=7时,镍离子的截留率可达到99%以上;NaCl和Na2SO4的存在使镍离子的截留率有所降低。