基于深度学习的中医古文献临床经验抽取

中医古文献蕴藏着丰富的临床经验，是古代中医在行医过程中对临床诊疗的经验性总结，体现了中医学形成和发展的理论框架和思想基础.然而这些宝贵的临床经验不仅量大，而且分散在不同的文献中，使得中医从业者手工很难快速全面地获取它们，文献检索工具也只能提供文档级别的信息筛选，无法为这种细粒度的信息获取提供支持.此外，古汉语相对于现代汉语的不同特点也限制了主流文本分析工具的使用效果.为此本文提出面向临床经验获取的中医古文献信息抽取任务，用于识别古文献中描述临床经验的文本片段，手工标注了样本数据用于这种抽取模型的训练和测试，并设计了基于深度学习的序列标注器用于完成该任务.考虑到标注数据量小可能带来的过度拟合问题，本文引入对抗训练和虚拟对抗训练来增强模型的泛化能力.一系列充分的实验验证了模型的有效性，表明利用信息抽取技术从古文献获取中医临床经验具有可行性，为这一新的信息抽取任务提供了有希望的研究基线和可复用的标注数据集.     

IUD频繁脱落者放置吉妮IUD186例临床观察

目的：寻找宫内节育器频繁脱落者，采用吉妮宫内节育器宫内独特的固定方式，以解决宫内节育器反复落脱问题。方法：受术妇女在月经干净3～7d内放置，用专用放置器将丝线小结植入子宫底肌层10mm，使吉妮悬吊于宫腔内，剪除多余尾丝，放置后于1、3、6、12月跟踪随访。结果：放置186例，1例放置后首次月经期脱落，1例为放置6个月带器妊娠，1例因疼痛、出血，放置后3个月取出。其余跟踪随访1年无异常，1年续用率为98．39％。结论：吉妮宫内节育器是安全、高效、副作用少的新型宫内节育器，特别适用于宫内节育器频繁脱落者使用，值得临床推广。     

IGF-PI3K-Akt信号通路在生理性心肌肥大中的作用研究进展

心肌肥大是心肌细胞对多种刺激因素的复杂反应。心肌肥大可以分为三种:心肌的正常生长、运动诱导生理性心肌肥大和病理性心肌肥大。近年来,研究表明心肌的正常生长以及运动诱导的心肌生理性肥大,主要是通过IGF-PI3K-Akt信号通路进行信号转导。本文就IGF-PI3K-Akt信号转导通路的结构特点、调节过程作一综述。     

断裂带作为油气散失通道的输导能力

通过断裂散失的油气量主要与断裂带的输导能力、实际进入断裂带的油气量、断裂通道的长度、散失时间和储层分流系数等参数有关。断裂带输导能力的主要因素是断裂带的宽度和储层渗透率。利用断裂散失模型计算了不同规模的断裂带作为油气散失通道的输导能力。计算结果表明 ,大型断裂带输导油气的能力远大于储层输导油气的能力。断裂活动期进入“通天”大断裂带的油气主要趋于散失 ;小断裂由于储层的分流作用 ,即使在活动期 ,它作为油气散失通道的作用也是有限的 ,其油气的散失量可以忽略不计。     

临床医学工程技术在现代医疗机构的应用

文章通过查阅相关文献和实践,探讨临床医学工程技术在医疗仪器调试与临床应用中的价值及医疗仪器设备的技术管理与评价。     

论微观辨证

探讨了在中、西医理论不同的前提下，如何合理选择应用现代检测项目作为辩证的指标，并提出微观辩证的新概念。     

The phytotoxins ofMycosphaerella fijiensis,the causative agent of Black Sigatoka disease of bananas and plantains

Black Sigatoka is the most costly to control disease of bananas and plantains in the world. Currently, a worldwide search is underway either to find or to produce cultivars that are disease-resistant or-tolerant. Phytotoxins isolated from the pathogen might facilitate the discovery of such cultivars. Several aromatic compounds from liquid cultures ofMycosphaerella fijiensis, the causal agent of Black Sigatoka disease of bananas and plantains, have been isolated. The most abundant and phytotoxic of these compounds is 2,4,8-trihydroxytetralone, which induces necrotic lesions at 5 g/5 l in less than 12 h on sensitive cultivars of bananas. This compound exhibits host-selectivity that mimics that of the pathogen. Other phytotoxins isolated from this fungus, in lesser amounts, were juglone, the novel compound 2-carboxy-3-hydroxycinnamic acid, isoochracinic acid and 4-hydroxyscytalone. Some of the phytotoxins isolated are melanin shunt pathway metabolites, which makes this fungus unique among plant pathogens.     

Milestone of the meridian science──970th anniversary of the Chinese Bronze Statue of Meridian

For more than a thousand years, Chinese people were aware of the transmitted sensations by the application of needles on the body surface. This practice is called acupuncture. Acupuncture had been recorded and transcribed in writings and in drawings, until finally the acupoints were inscribed onto a bronze statue. The bronze statue was called the Meridian Figure. Deeply embodied in the bronze statue is a tripartite confrontation-prism representation of the humans body. This concept was a great scientific achievement in ancient China. The author traces the history of Meridian science described in traditional Chinese medical terms. Then he explores a clear analogy of the meridian pathway (MP) phenomenon. In a model system, by using a simple segmental in vertebrate, certain parallels can be demonstrated with the meridian concept. For example, the author demonstrated a clear correlation rule among the central mechano-sensory channels, and characteristics of positional discrimination in individual nerve cells from different receptive field inputs. The evidence suggests that the MP phenomenon is an objective neurobiological response. To clarify the research objective in this paper, the author suggests that the MP is a bi-directional pathway along which a positional message signal is transmitted. This phenomenon is evoked by physical stimulation, transmitted linearly across the human body segments, and is perceived by the brain. The MP consists of low resistance paths, is connected by the liquid media contained in the apposite membranous structure. At the cellular level, the regulation functions of MP must pass through along this low resistance path. Two aspects of the modern Meridian research are the functional regulation and the mechanism of intercellular liquid modulation at the nanometer level.     

电离辐射引发细胞凋亡的信号通路

电离辐射诱发细胞产生凋亡与细胞的辐射敏感性有关，而辐射的生物学效应则因其引发细胞凋亡的信号通路不同而有差异。辐射诱发凋亡作用过程至少包括SAPK／JNK信号通路及依赖于DNA损伤、依赖于胞质电离损伤和依赖于质膜损伤的四种信号通路。本文就辐射诱发细胞凋亡的信号传导途径进行简介。     

高校毕业生工作状况跟踪调查分析研究 --以江西医学院本科毕业生为例

通过邮寄问卷(用人单位问卷、毕业生问卷)，开展针对江西医学院本科毕业生临床工作状况的跟踪调查．以期了解该校毕业生在岗工作状况及用人单位、毕业生对教育、教学、管理工作的评价和建议，以进一步推动高等医学院校教学改革．促进教育、教学质量的全面提高。