浅谈人工挖孔桩

分析了人工挖孔桩施工中遇到的问题(如水、溶洞、淤泥层、流砂),并提出了相应的处理措施。     

岩溶洞穴长度空间形态的分形研究

为使洞穴的研究从定性走向定量,应用分形理论给出洞穴长度定义,进一步明确洞穴长度的物理意义,通过对洛塔洞穴系统２２个洞穴长度分形维数的计算,分析了洞穴长度维数与岩性的关系。     

磁法勘探解析延拓算法在探测地下洞穴中的应用

通过对某地下防空洞探测的磁异常数据的研究,以解析延拓的方法作了向上与向下的延拓．结果表明：解析延拓算法的研究,对确定地下异常体与更精确圈定其几何形态是非常有效的．     

溶洞上方条形基础地基极限承载力有限元分析

针对岩溶地区典型围岩条件,采用有限元方法对岩溶地区条形基础下溶洞顶板稳定性进行分析计算,得出溶洞顶板跨度、顶板厚度不同时地基的极限承载力;分析了极限承载力与各影响因素之间的关系,给出了溶洞顶板安全厚度的有限元分析结果.研究结果表明:溶洞顶板厚度在一定范围内,当顶板跨度从B增加到4B时,地基极限承载力降低1/3;当跨度一定时,地基极限承载力随溶洞顶板厚度增加而增加;当顶板厚度达到安全厚度时,溶洞对地基极限承载力影响可以不计.     

广西洞穴金线鲃一新种--九圩金线鲃

描记广西河池市九圩镇一地下河中的金线鲃属一新种，以标本采集地命名为九圩金线鲃，新种．Sinocyclcheilus jiuxuensis Li et Lan,sp．nov.新种与分布区相邻的半盲金线鲃S.Halfibindus Li et Lan和高肩金线鲃S．altishouldeus Li et Lan相近，但新种背鳍分枝鳍条为7，鳃耙7～9和甲须纤弱等特征可与半盲金线鲃区别．新种头后平缓上升而不是急剧隆起；侧线鳞47～49，头长为眼间距的3．93～4．43(4．20)倍，可与高肩金线鲃区别。     

剑川石窟档案文献资源的开发利用

以大理剑川石窟档案文献为例,论述了如何在网络环境下,充分有效地开发和利用剑川石窟档案文献资源,努力为民族地方文献资源的建设和发展增添新的亮点.     

浅析岩溶洞穴旅游的可持续性发展--以重庆武隆芙蓉洞为例

文章借鉴旅游可持续发展的研究成果,初步探讨了岩溶洞穴旅游可持续发展的概念内涵,提出了发展的目标;分析了岩溶洞穴旅游可持续发展的方法,包括负面影响分析、环境容量的计算、指标体系的建立和评价方法等。     

临近溶腔内压对隧道初支稳定性影响的模型试验

部分未经处理溶腔填充物复杂且受季节性、突发性降雨影响,溶腔内压增大会影响临近隧道结构稳定性,易导致施做后的初支结构失稳.以某三车道公路隧道为依托,开展了隧道开挖后承压溶腔对初支力学行为影响的模型试验.试验中逐级增加溶腔内压,测试了隧道洞周位移、初期支护内力及背后围岩压力的变化特征,研究承压溶腔位置及内压对隧道初支稳定性的影响.试验结果表明:隧道临近溶腔处洞周位移随溶腔内压增大而变大,达到临界内压时突然增大;承压溶腔内压增大显著增大了钢拱架临近溶腔测点处的弯矩,使钢拱架轴力水平整体提升;同时增大了临近溶腔位置处及墙角处初期支护背后围岩压力,造成初支受力不均匀.洞周位移发生突然增大、钢拱架在轴力和弯矩共同作用下达到屈服强度时,初期支护结构失稳.在试验设定的溶腔尺寸及间距下,仰拱处存在溶腔时,内压增大,隧道初期支护最先失稳.     

Characteristics of strontium isotopes and their implications in the Qixing Cave of Guizhou,China

The strontium isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr) of samples including soils, bedrock, soil waters, drip waters and their corresponding speleothems in the Qixing Cave (QXC), Guizhou Province, China, were systemically measured and analyzed. The results indicate that there are significant Sr isotopic differences among samples. The mean 87Sr/86Sr ratios in drip water for the samples 1#, 4# and 9# were 0.709568, 0.709139 and 0.708761, respectively, which possibly result from different flow paths, residence times, and other hydrogeological processes in the unsaturated zone overlying QXC. Meanwhile, levels of 40.8%, 57.6% and 72.4% of Sr in drip waters for 1#, 4# and 9#, respectively, were derived from bedrock dissolution, which was calculated by the mixture model of the two end-members (soil and bedrock). There is, however, no positive correlation between the relative proportion from bedrock dissolution (δ13C value is 1.8‰) and drip water δ13CDIC values. The mean drip water δ13CDIC value in 1# is the heaviest (–4.5‰) with the lowest contribution rate of bedrock dissolution, whereas the value in 9# is the lightest (–9.3‰) with the highest contribution rate of bedrock dissolution. The proportion from host rock dissolution in 4# is higher than that in 1# and lower than that in 9#, while its mean drip water δ13CDIC value (–8.6‰) is higher than that of 9# and lower than that for 1#. This suggests that the prior calcite precipitation (PCP) processes in the unsaturated zone overlying the cave are responsible for the δ13CDIC value differences between different drip waters, and not bedrock dissolution. Furthermore, this study also demonstrates that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of speleothems in the 1# and 4# mainly reflect the variation in the relative proportions from the soil system (soil water) and bedrock dissolution overlying the cave. It is, therefore, feasible to use the strontium isotopic signals of speleothems as an indicator for soil chemical weathering intensity, and consequently as a monsoon proxy in the study area.     

The freshwater shrimps of the genera Caridina and Parisia from karst caves of Sulawesi Selatan,Indonesia, with descriptions of three new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae)

The present study reports on collections of hypogean freshwater atyid shrimps of the genera Caridina Milne Edwards, 1837 Milne Edwards, H. 1837. Histoire naturalle des Crustacés, Comprenant l'Anatomie, la Physiologie et la Classification de ces Animaux, Vol. 2, 1–532. Paris (France): Libraire Encyclopedique de Roret.  [Google Scholar], and Parisia Holthuis, 1956 Holthuis, L. B. 1956. The troglobic Atyidae of Madagascar (Crudtacea, Decapoda, Natantia), Mem Inst Sci Madagascar ser.. A., 11: 97–110.  [Google Scholar], obtained from the karst caves and associated epigean waters of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Six species of Caridina were present, of which two are new to science and one is new to Sulawesi, as well as one new species of Parisia. Types of Caridina pareparensis De Man, 1892 De Man, J. G. 1892. Decapoden des Indischen Archipels.. Zool Ergebn Reise Niederland Ost‐Ind., 2: 265–527. pl. 15–29 [Google Scholar], and C. pareparensis parvidentata Roux, 1904 Roux, J. 1904. Décapodes d'eau douce de Cèlébes (Genres Caridina et Potamon).. Rev Suisse Zool., 12(3): 539–572. pl. 9 [Google Scholar], were re‐examined and redescribed; lectotypes for both taxa are designated. Caridina pareparensis parvidentata is here regarded as a distinct species. The new taxa are described, figured and compared with congeners.