我国股票市场的价值基础及价格泡沫研究

借助剩余收益模型测定了我国股票市场1992年至2002年历年年末的市场价值基础,并探讨了股票市场价格泡沫问题.研究结果表明,尽管上市公司的盈利能力不断下降,但市场的价值基础并未出现明显下降;由于市场的不成熟,我国股票市场中的泡沫成分较多;股价指数及市盈率指标不具有价格泡沫及投资价值的判断功能.     

Internal interactions within the human circadian system: the masking effect

Summary In the realm of human circadian rhythms, the masking effect is defined as the change in the course of deep body temperature induced by changes in the degree of physical activity, or by the alteration between sleep and wake. This effect is particularly obvious during internal desynchronization where the rhythms of deep body temperature, and the sleep-wake sleep-wake sleep cycle — i.e. one of the masking factors — run with different periods.Every sleep onset is accompanied by a rapid drop, and wake onset by a rapid rise in deep body temperature, each one with an overshoot of about 50% of the steady state variations. When rhythms are calculated, with the dominant temperature period as the screening period, exclusively from data obtained during sleep episodes, on the one hand, and from those obtained exclusively during wake, on the other, two average cycles emerge: the sleep temperature curve and the wake temperature curve. Both run in parallel but are separated by the masking effcct. As derived from many experiments, the mean masking effect amounts to 0.28±0.06°C. The masking effect also depends to some extent on the phase of the temperature rhtthm; it is larger than average around the temperature maximum and during the descending phase of the temperature cycle, where the alertness commonly is highest and the probability to sleep, in general, and the REM sleep propensity, in particular, are smaller than average. This also can be interpreted to indicate that the sleep temperature curve is phase advanced relative to the wake temperature curve; this, on the average, by 0.9±0.3 h.If the individually determined amount of masking is added to the temperature data obtained during sleep, or substracted from the temperature data obtained during wake, a temperature curve emerges that can be though of as being purified of the masking effect. Analyses of this artificial curve allow estimation of that part of the internal interactions uninfluenced by the masking effect. On the average, about half of the amount of interaction between the rhythm of sleep-wake and that of deep body temperature is explained by the masking effect, whereas the other half is oscillatory interaction. Both types of interaction are inherent and inseparable parts of the circadian clock mechanism, as can be deduced from model considerations.     

自动网格体系在柱体绕流大涡模拟中的适用性评估

为了评估基于snappyHexMesh方法生成的自动网格体系在二维柱体绕流大涡模拟中的适用性,比较了该自动网格体系与人工网格体系对于Re为3 900圆柱绕流和Re为22 000方柱绕流的数值模拟结果。通过设置合理的计算域以及数值格式,采用snappyHexMesh自动网格以及人工网格的算例都表现出良好的数值稳定性。将不同网格体系的数值模拟结果与物理试验结果进行对比,结果表明,采用snappyHexMesh网格可以提高数值求解效率;圆柱绕流对网格体系的变化比较敏感,不同密度的snappyHexMesh网格会显著影响圆柱气动力特征以及尾流区域的流场结果;snappyHexMesh网格体系可以准确预测方柱绕流,在方柱绕流大涡模拟中具有相较于圆柱绕流更好的适用性。     

微孔介质上气泡形成规律的研究

用激光测试技术对微孔介质上气泡形成规律进行了研究。实验结果表明,在微孔介质上所形成气泡的 Ｓａｕｔｅｒ平均直径随通气量的增大而减小;液相中盐或醇的引入使形成的气泡直径明显减小。使用不同模型的计算结果表明,单一孔上气泡形成模型难以描述微孔介质上气泡形成规律。为了描述微孔介质上气泡形成过程,不仅要考虑孔径减小带来的影响,而且要考虑操作条件及体系性质的变化对实际生成气泡的“有效孔”数目及当量直径等因素的影响。     

前向多翼离心风机叶片尾迹和蜗壳二次流动的试验研究

对前向多翼式离心风机建立了性能及流场测试台位 性能试验及流场测试表明,性能试验重复性良好,曲线符合理论性能曲线.用粒子图像速度场仪技术对叶片尾迹区及蜗壳出口横截面上的二次流做了详细的变工况测量与分析.结果表明:叶片尾迹区脉动强度达20%～70%;在设计工况附近叶片尾迹影响区域小,在非设计工况下叶片尾迹影响区域大,尾迹区域占到蜗壳径向宽度的15%～25%,约是叶片弦高的2～3倍;在蜗壳横截面上明显存在二次流旋涡;沿着蜗壳旋出方向二次流对称分布,但是到达出口时,小流量下两侧旋涡结合成一个旋涡,大流量下两侧旋涡一直保持到蜗壳出口.     

房地产泡沫形成机理分析

从地价运动对房地产价格的影响入手对房地产泡沫的形成机理进行了探讨．由于土地供给的稀缺性，作为房地产价格最重要组成部分的地价具有不断上涨的趋势，这是房地产泡沫产生的内在动力．土地的虚拟资本特性、预期、投机、非理性行为以及房地产业与金融业的密切关系则是房地产泡沫产生的主要原因．     

单桨船螺旋桨安装位置确定

通过船模螺旋桨在3个不同安装位置的自航试验，探讨了螺旋桨位置对推进效率的影响，试验结果表明，选择合适的螺旋奖位置，有利于提高舵的整流作用，改善船后伴流分布，减小推力减额，从而提高推进效率，达到船舶节能的目的，作为一个典型试验的结果，在0.1D(D为螺旋桨直径）范围内移动螺旋桨，在航速上可获得3％－5％的增量，因此，在船舶设计中有必要重视螺旋桨安装位置的选择。     

气泡塔熔融结晶器中传递与晶层生长

分析了气泡塔结晶器熔融结晶过程中自熔体向晶层界面的热、质传递特征，建立了描述该过程晶层生长的稳态模型。在自熔体向晶层界面对流传热膜系数的计算中，将弹单元分为弹状气泡周围液膜区、尾迹区及液塞段3段，各段的平均对流传热膜系数不同。分别在表观气速0.04和0．08m/s下，用模型对己内酰胺晶层生长进行了计算，计算结果与实验结果基本吻合。     

吊舱对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响

基于单桨式吊舱推进器定常水动力性能的理论计算方法及试验，探讨了吊舱对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响。性能理论计算中螺旋桨采用升力面理论涡格法，吊舱采用面元法，对螺旋桨与吊舱的相互影响进行了时间平均及迭代处理。通过计算分析了吊舱对桨叶载荷分布的影响，以及吊舱引起的伴流分布特性。     

气泡振动对氧溶解的影响

通过匹配求解扩散方程与气泡振动方程，得到血液中氧浓度随空间与时间的变化，并与气泡无振动时的扩散方程的解相比较，说明气泡的振动，可以增加氧的溶解．