基于免疫粒子群优化的移动Sink路径规划算法

为了减少能量空洞和延长网络生命周期，在无线传感网中采用移动 Sink 的方式收集节点采集的数据是解决能 量效率问题的有效措施．采集路径的规划问题类似于旅行商问题，无法得到多项式时间的解．提出了将人工免疫算法和粒子群算法相结合，针对移动 sink 数据收集的路径规划问题寻求近似最优解，仿真结果表明: 与其他算法进行性能比较，所提出的优化算法能够有效减少能耗和缩短遍历路径．     

Science Letters： A synthetic Toll-like receptor 2 ligand decreases allergic immune responses in a mouse rhinitis model sensitized to mite allergen

It has been proposed that activation of Toll-like receptors （TLRs） plays crucial roles in the polarization of adaptive immune responses. A synthetic Toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） ligand, Pam3CSK4, has been reported to modulate the balance of Th1/Th2 responses. We evaluated the modulation effect of Pam3CSK4 on allergic immune response in a mouse rhinitis model sensitized to house dust mite allergen （HDM）. Mice were sensitized and challenged with Dermatophagoidesfarinae allergen （Der f）, and then the allergic mice were treated by Pam3CSK4. Nasal allergic symptoms and eosinophils were scored. Der f-specific cytokine responses were examined in the splenocytes and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Serum level of total IgE was also detected. After establishing a mouse allergic rhinitis model with HDM, we have showed that Pam3CSK4 treatment not only ameliorated the nasal allergic symptoms remarkably but also decreased the eosinophils and total inflammation cells in BALF significantly. Analysis of cytokine profile found that IFN-7 released from either BALF or stimulated splenocytes increased markedly in Pam3CSK4-treated mice, while IL-13 decreased significantly. Moreover, serum level of total IgE was significantly lower in Pam3CSK4-treated mice than in the untreated. Thus, in an allergic rhinitis mouse model developed with HDM, Pam3CSK4 was shown to exhibit an antiallergic effect, indicating its potential application in allergic diseases.     

sHLA-I研究进展述评

SHLA-I参与调节免疫应答和诱导免疫耐受，临床上血清sHLA—I水平可作为预测移植预后及妊娠成功与否、反映感染性疾病及某些自身免疫性疾病的活动状态、观察肿瘤分化程度及预后的指标。     

bFGF和NGF对小鼠免疫细胞功能的影响

目的：探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和神经生长因子(NGF)对免疫功能的影响。方法：通过小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬。溶血空斑形成细胞(PFC)和脾细胞增殖等实验，观察bFGF和NGF对正常小鼠免疫细胞功能的影响。结果：一定剂量的啪F、NGF对小鼠免疫细胞功能有较明显的促进作用，且表现具有协同促进效应，而同剂量的NGF对免疫功能的促进作用略强于bFGF。此外，bFGF、NGF还能协同促进活化淋巴细胞分泌sIL-2R。结论：一定剂量的bFGF、NGF表现出较明显的免疫促进作用，并存在协同效应。     

歧义容忍度在二语习得中的研究

英语学习者在学习过程中经常不可避免的接触到各种语言层面的歧义现象,比如:语法层面、词汇层面、句法层面等。本文从心理和语言的角度介绍了歧义容忍度的概念。接着分析了歧义容忍度和二语学习的关系。在此基础上,介绍了歧义容忍度的测量方法。最后,文章概括性的讨论了歧义容忍度对二语习得的启示。     

小鼠腹水癌细胞脂酶的亲和制备及一些性质的研究

在接种了血癌(L—7712)及腹水癌(Hep.A)的小鼠腹水癌细胞中存在远高于正常细胞的脂酶(Lipase)活力.本文通过免疫亲和层析方法从小鼠腹水癌细胞中纯化了该脂酶,比活力达到2000国际单位/mg.蛋白.经 SDS 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,纯度达电泳纯,为单亚基酶.分子量65kd.经等电聚焦电冰分析,等电点(PI)为5.3.     

Presence of hsp65 in bacterial extracts (OM-89): A possible mediator of orally-induced tolerance?

Heat shock proteins (HSP) have been implicated in rodent models of autoimmunity, particularly arthritis, and there is suggestive though inconclusive evidence that they may also play a role in human autoimmune disease. The simplest hypothesis is based on molecular mimicry due to the amino-acid sequence homology between mammalian and microbial HSP. Recently OM-89, an extract of several strains ofEscherichia coli, has shown some efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when taken orally. Using species-specific antibodies, we show here that OM-89 contains the 65 kDa HSP (hsp65), while hsp65 was not detected in another bacterial extract containing other microorganisms, includingStaphylococcus aureus (OM-85). We suggest that if the human homologue of hsp65 is a relevant target antigen in the human disease, the efficacy of the preparation could be due to induction of oral tolerance or to switching the Th1 response towards Th2. Alternatively, even if the human hsp65 is not a target molecule in RA joints, OM-89 may evoke bystander suppression of joint inflammation via induction of TGF-secreting effector cells. These hypotheses should be tested in further studies.     

船舶结构概率损伤容限分析

损伤容限设计是一种先进的现代设计思想,为了使这种设计建立在可靠性分析的基础上,根据概率断裂力学理论,分别建立了具有裂纹型初始缺陷结构和受损结构在裂纹扩展中结构疲劳寿命及其可靠性估算的动态模型．在给出了结构设计参数的分布函数后可求得一组与结构初始损伤、结构使用年限和剩余寿命、设计应力等有关的动态可靠性曲线,由此可获得保证一定可靠度的结构的损伤容限,并在设计时选取具有给定可靠度的各种设计参数,或给定设计参数后估计所设计结构的可靠度．     

分类规则挖掘的免疫算法

为了高效地从数据库中挖掘分类规则，提出了一种基于免疫算法的分类算法．该算法的核心思想为：对规则的前件进行固定长度编码，适应度函数的计算由分类规则的较小分类错误率、简洁性、一致性和训练实例的覆盖性构成，通过把适应度最小的个体作为先验知识来修改个体的某些分量的方法进行疫苗接种，并通过检测个体是否出现退化和模拟退火来实现免疫选择，同时还采用了基于信息增益的规则剪枝策略．在美国加州大学标准数据集中的5个数据集上将该算法与RISE和OCEC算法进行了实验比较，结果表明该算法不仅具有更快的收敛速度，而且获得了更高的预测准确率及更小的规则集。     

小麦穗光合作用对干旱胁迫的响应

研究了土壤干旱胁迫下小麦（Triticum aestivum L．）穗光合作用的特点．结果表明，干旱胁迫下，穗光合速率下降幅度远小于叶片，类胡萝卜素与叶绿素的比值较高且稳定，PEPC活性诱导增强，暗示穗器官有较强的耐逆性，旗叶是较敏感的器官．