雌二醇对大鼠离体脂肪组织释放游离脂肪酸的影响

将大鼠离体脂肪组织置于组织灌流肌槽中,分别加入不同浓度的雌二醇及雌二醇加心得安、异搏定或无钙液,测定离体脂肪组织所释放的游离脂肪酸(freefattyacid,FFA)的含量,观察雌二醇对大鼠离体脂肪组织释放FFA的影响,并探讨其作用机制.结果发现雌二醇促进大鼠离体脂肪组织释放FFA(P<0.01),并存在剂量效应关系(r=0.845,P<0.001);;心得安、异搏定和无钙液可不同程度地阻断雌二醇对离体脂肪组织释放FFA的促进作用.由此表明雌二醇可通过增加FFA的释放,促进离体脂肪组织的分解代谢,且其作用可能部分经肾上腺素能β受体、异搏定敏感的L型Ca2+通道及细胞外Ca2+内流介导.     

内质网应激对小鼠脂肪组织的影响

为了探究内质网应激对小鼠白色脂肪组织的影响,通过腹腔注射衣霉素(tunicamycin, TM)诱导小鼠体内内质网应激,构建内质网应激小鼠模型,然后获取小鼠附睾处白色脂肪组织,并采用RT-PCR和Western blot检测白色脂肪组织中内质网应激相关因子的mRNA水平及蛋白表达情况,通过荧光显微镜观察白色脂肪组织细胞的变化,测定甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸含量及脂肪细胞因子和炎症因子分泌情况.结果表明：1.0 mg/kg TM处理72 h诱导小鼠内质网应激效果最佳;内质网应激可以导致白色脂肪组织比例减少,脂肪细胞直径减小,脂解反应增多,脂肪细胞因子分泌减少及炎症反应增多等.该研究结果说明内质网应激可以诱导小鼠脂肪组织中发生脂解,进而介导脂代谢紊乱.     

脱冷过程对高原鼠兔产热的影响

本文探讨了脱冷过程中高原鼠兔的静止代谢率（RMR）,非颤抖性产热（NST）,同时观察肝脏,褐色脂肪组织（BAT）线粒体蛋白等指标的变化.     

Functions of fatty acid binding proteins

Summary Cytosolic fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) belong to a gene family of which eight members have been conclusively identified. These 14–15 kDa proteins are abundantly expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner. Although the functions of the cytosolic FABP are not clearly established, they appear to enhance the transfer of long-chain fatty acids between artificial and native lipid membranes, and also to have a stimulatory effect on a number of enzymes of fatty acid metabolism in vitro. These findings, as well as the tissue expression, ligand binding properties, ontogeny and regulation of these proteins provide a considerable body of indirect evidence supporting a broad role for the FABP in the intracellular transport and metabolism of long-chain fatty acids. The available data also support the existence of structure- and tissue-specific specialization of function among different members of the FABP gene family. Moreover, FABP may also have a possible role in the modulation of cell growth and proliferation, possibly by virtue of their affinity for ligands such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes and fatty acids, which are known to influence cell growth activity. FABP structurally unrelated to the cytosolic gene family have also been identified in the plasma membranes of several tissues (FABP_pm). These proteins have not been fully characterized to date, but strong evidence suggests that they function in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane.     

葡萄糖转运体4与Ⅱ型糖尿病相互关系的研究进展

葡萄糖转运体4(GLUT4)是转运葡萄糖的重要蛋白质,与Ⅱ型糖尿病(T2DM)密切相关.从GLUT4对骨骼肌、心肌和脂肪组织,以及肾组织的肾小球系膜细胞的影响等方面进行了综述,研究葡萄糖转运体4与Ⅱ型糖尿病相互关系.     

茶多酚EGCG对小鼠棕色脂肪代谢的影响

 随着对棕色脂肪组织（BAT）在成人体内具有生物学功能的肯定,棕色脂肪已经成为当今医学研究的热点。采用动物实验、病理组织学方法及免疫组化,观察了表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）对棕色脂肪代谢的影响。结果表明,在体重和鼠龄相近时,不同种属小鼠肩甲间棕色脂肪组织HE 染色后的形态不同,C57BL/6 脂肪细胞中的空泡大,胞浆含量少,BALB/c 小鼠脂肪细胞中的空泡小,胞浆含量多,昆明小鼠居中。给昆明小鼠口服不同剂量EGCG 后,150 mg/kg EGCG 能降低小鼠体重的增长,降低附睾周围白色脂肪组织的重量,但没有统计学意义。同时,EGCG 能降低棕色脂肪细胞内脂肪含量,增加胞浆含量,具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。免疫组化结果表明,EGCG 能增加棕色脂肪细胞内脱偶联蛋白1（UCP1）的表达,增加能量代谢。因此,不同种属小鼠的BAT 具有不同的组织形态学特点,这为研究BAT 小鼠的选择提供了依据;EGCG 能够调节小鼠棕色脂肪的代谢功能,这为进一步研究作用机制打下了基础,同时为茶叶在脂肪代谢方面的调节提供了一种新的思路和依据。     

原儿茶酸促进人脂肪干细胞体外迁移研究

研究了益智仁中提取的原儿茶酸对人脂肪干细胞(hADSCs)体外迁移的影响.实验采用明胶包被的Transwell细胞培养池,观察到适宜浓度的原儿茶酸可显著促进人脂肪干细胞体外迁移,其作用呈现明显剂量依赖性.同时,1.5 mmol/L原儿茶酸促进hADSCs迁移的作用最强且呈现时间依赖性.RT-PCR和荧光定量PCR结果显示,经原儿茶酸处理后,人脂肪干细胞膜型基质金属蛋白酶-1(MT1-MMP)的表达明显升高.酶谱分析发现,经原儿茶酸处理后,干细胞的活性型基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)增加.抗体阻断实验显示,细胞迁移能力的增强与MT1-MMP的表达升高和MMP-2的活化增强有关.最后,人脂肪干细胞鉴定结果表明,经原儿茶酸处理后的人脂肪干细胞仍保持间充质干细胞多分化潜能的特性.因此,原儿茶酸有可能在脂肪干细胞移植的治疗中发挥作用.     

Sphingosine 1-phosphate induces differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells towards smooth muscle cells

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid which regulates multiple biological parameters in a number of cell types, including stem cells. Here we report, for the first time, that S1P dose-dependently stimulates differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASMC) towards smooth muscle cells. Indeed, S1P not only induced the expression of smooth muscle cell-specific proteins such as α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and transgelin, but also profoundly affected ASMC morphology by enhancing cytoskeletal F-actin assembly, which incorporated αSMA. More importantly, S1P challenge was responsible for the functional appearance of Ca²⁺ currents, characteristic of differentiated excitable cells such as smooth muscle cells. By employing various agonists and antagonists to inhibit S1P receptor subtypes, S1P₂ turned out to be critical for the pro-differentiating effect of S1P, while S1P₃ appeared to play a secondary role. This study individuates an important role of S1P in AMSC which can be exploited to favour vascular regeneration. Received 06 March 2009; accepted 17 March 2009     

心肌肥厚大鼠血管膜周脂肪组织对血管舒缩功能的影响

目的:观察正常大鼠及部分结扎腹主动脉致心肌肥厚大鼠的血管膜周脂肪组织对血管舒缩功能的影响。方法:手术部分结扎腹主动脉致心肌肥厚模型,采用血管张力记录法,观察正常大鼠及模型大鼠血管膜周脂肪组织对血管舒缩功能的影响。结果:对于正常大鼠,血管膜周脂肪组织可显著降低血管对苯肾上腺素的反应性;对于模型鼠,血管膜周脂肪组织可显著升高血管对苯肾上腺素的反应性。结论:血管膜周脂肪组织对于血管的舒缩功能有重要的调节作用。