玉树地震房屋震害的几点启示

通过对玉树地震的房屋震害调查和分析,简要总结了玉树地震房屋震害特点,并对农牧民自建房的结构抗震,提出了自己的一些认识和看法.     

榆树市黑土流失成因及治理对策

榆树市是全国农业大县,是国家重要的粮食生产基地,同时也是水土流失十分严重的地区。本文重点研究了榆树市水土流失的成因、规律及危害。并在此基础上,结合榆树市的基本地理特点与社会经济发展实际情况,提出了水土流失综合防治的具体对策。     

榆树市黑土流失成因及治理对策

榆树市是全国农业大县,是国家重要的粮食生产基地,同时也是水土流失十分严重的地区.本文重点研究了榆树市水土流失的成因、规律及危害.并在此基础上,结合榆树市的基本地理特点与社会经济发展实际情况,提出了水土流失综合防治的具体对策.     

A successful mountain rescue operation in Yushu Earthquake

On April 14,2010,an earthquake reaching 7.1 Richter scale struck Jiegu Town of Yushu.More than 2 698 people were confirmed dead,and 12 135 were injured,of which 1 434 were severely injured.Rescue operation was carried out soon after the disaster;however,the rescue teams face great challenges of altitude hypoxia,freezing temperature and very bad weather.Thus,1 434 severe injuries were rapidly transported airlifted to hospitals in Xining and neighboring provinces for effective treatment.The extremity trauma (49.9 %) was the most common pattern of injuries.Asphyxia (40.8 %) was by far the most important reason for death.A high incidence of acute altitude illness in the lowland rescuers was a special medical problem during the highest earthquake in Yushu.We have learned more lessons from Yushu Earthquake.     

Yushu earthquake synergic analysis using multimodal SAR datasets

The large earthquake measuring 7.1 on the Richter scale that occurred in Yushu County, Qinghai Province, China, on April 14, 2010, caused a huge loss of life and major damage to people’s properties. Using three modal synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) datasets, wide-swath SAR, interferometric SAR and polarimetric SAR, the following studies were conducted: (1) From Radarsat-2 wide swath SAR data, the regional geological structures and lithologic distribution characteristics of the Yushu earthquake were analyzed. (2) Using advanced land observing satellite/phased array L-band interferometric SAR data, the coseismic deformation field of the Yushu earthquake was obtained, and the size and spatial distribution of deformation were studied combining with the result of regional geological background analysis. (3) From Radarsat-2 polarimetric SAR data, the H-α-ρ method was used to extract the spatial distribution of building collapse caused by the earthquake in the Yushu urban area, and the reasons for the severe earthquake damage to buildings are also discussed and assessed. The study results demonstrate the effectiveness and important potential of using multimodal SAR data for synergic analysis and assessment of earthquake disasters.     

玉树地区低层建筑外围护结构材料选择与工程示范

为减轻三江源环境保护负担,在玉树灾后重建中要求提高建筑物维护结构自保温能力,本文在研究中选用了泡沫混凝土、活动板房废弃材料等作为墙体材料,通过现场测试、比较选择适合当地低层建筑的外围护结构形式和材料.     

玉树Mw7．1地震前电离层异常扰动初步分析

为了研究地震电离层效应,采用CODE提供的全球电离层地图（GIM）数据分析了2010年4月14日玉树7．1级地震．通过插值提取了震中区域震前的TEC时间序列,利用滑动四分位距法排除太阳（SSN、F10．7）和地磁活动（Dst、Kp）的干扰,发现电离层在震前26天和13天存在明显异常．全球电离层异常分布结果显示,震前26天的电离层异常幅度小于震前13天的异常幅度,这可能与临震时间有关．此外,两次异常的峰值点与震中区域并不严格对应,而是靠近震中偏向赤道的一侧,同时磁共轭区也有异常出现,但范围和幅度较小,这两次电离层异常有可能是地震前兆．     

地震灾后青海省玉树藏区中学生心理应激强度的调查研究

了解震后青海玉树藏区中学生心理应激强度,为确保藏区中学生心理卫生健康,提供采取相应对策的理论依据.采用心理测量方法,对地震灾后青海省玉树藏区中学生进行心理应激强度的调查.结果表明,玉树藏区中学生震后的心理应激强度在丧失因子、健康适应、应激总分方面得分均高于非地震地区西宁市中学生,且差异非常显著,表现出积极和消极应激状态并存.学习压力有差异;藏族中学生在学习压力得分上女性大于男性,差异显著.在影响程度得分、学习压力、丧失因子和健康适应方面高中生的得分均高于初中生,差异非常显著.建议对震后藏族中学生针对群体特点、性别和年龄差异、震后产生的不同心理应激状态,给予心理援助.     

玉树地震中政府的应急准备研究

基于反馈控制理论,提出用应急行动反馈控制应急准备的思想,并以玉树地震为例,从政府组织协调、公民应急意识、救援效率、交通与物资状况以及应急预案响应几个方面,分别对我国应急准备体系的应急管理组织体系、应急意识、应急队伍、应急资源与应急预案几个要素进行分析.结果表明,应急准备是应急管理的重中之重,但在我国,面对巨灾时,应急准备工作仍存在明显不足.最后根据反馈控制理论,为完善应急准备工作提出了几点建议.