纳米TiO2在纺织品抗菌、抗紫外线整理中的研究

首先对纳米TiO2表面进行化学和物理处理,以降低其团聚作用,实现纳米尺度优良的分散性.然后详细讨论了纳米TiO2在纺织品抗菌、抗紫外线辐射整理中的作用机理,以及在纯棉织物上的应用.处理后赋予织物优良的抗菌、抗紫外效果,且服用性能不受影响.     

不同Fe~(3+)浓度下赤潮异弯藻对阳光UVR的响应

探讨了不同Fe3+离子浓度环境下,赤潮异弯藻对阳光紫外辐射(ultraviolet radiation,UVR)的响应.结果发现,在Fe3+限制(5×10-3μmol/L)的情况下,阳光紫外辐射的存在,可以提高赤潮异弯藻的生长速率.而在Fe3+饱和(11.65μmol/L)的情况下,这一现象并不明显.说明Fe3+限制培养的细胞,对UVR的敏感性下降.细胞紫外吸收物质(MAAs)的合成受到Fe3+的调节.生长于Fe3+饱和环境下,接受全阳光辐射,胞内MAAs的含量增加明显,抵抗UVR的能力加强,生长加快.因此,赤潮异弯藻对UVR的响应机制,是受到细胞可利用Fe3+浓度调节的.     

Enhanced calcification ameliorates the negative effects of UV radiation on photosynthesis in the calcifying phytoplankter <Emphasis Type="Italic">Emiliania huxleyi</Emphasis>

The calcifying phytoplankton species,coccolithophores,have their calcified coccoliths around the cells,however,their physio-logical roles are still unknown.Here,we hypothesized that the coccoliths may play a certain role in reducing solar UV radiation(UVR,280-400 nm) and protect the cells from being harmed.Cells of Emiliania huxleyi with different thicknesses of the cocco-liths were obtained by culturing them at different levels of dissolved inorganic carbon and their photophysiological responses to UVR wer...     

硝氮和紫外辐射对龙须菜碳氮利用的影响

【目的】探讨大型海藻龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)碳氮利用对紫外辐射(UVR)的响应,揭示可利用氮在其中的调节作用。【方法】设置2种硝氮浓度(低氮,50μmol·L-1;高氮,500μmol·L-1)和3种不同波长的光辐射处理(P,395~700nm;PA,320~700nm;PAB,295~700nm),龙须菜叶状体在上述不同条件下适应培养25d后,测定藻体的硝氮和无机碳利用情况。【结果】PA和PAB条件下培养的龙须菜,对硝氮的最大吸收速率显著升高,尤其在高氮条件下升高更加明显。P条件下,高氮适应培养的藻体硝酸还原酶(nitrate reduscate,NR)活性显著降低;但在PA和PAB下没有发现这种氮营养史的影响。UVR显著降低了龙须菜的最大光合固碳速率(Pmax)和对外源无机碳的半饱和常数(KDIC),提高了总碳酸酐酶(carbonic anhydrase,CA)的活性。高氮适应下藻体的最大光合固碳速率和总CA活性显著升高,同时半饱和常数显著降低。【结论】UVR的存在能够促进龙须菜对外源硝氮的吸收利用,抑制海藻光合固碳能力,但可利用氮的加富可以缓解UVR对龙须菜光合作用的抑制。     

Preparation of Modified Poly( ethylene terephthalate) Fibers and Their Properties of Ultraviolet Radiation Protection

Protection against solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) among the general public has been increasing steadily. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was blended with UVR protection agent and was spun into the modified fibers with the properties of UVR protection. An investigation on the properties using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer showed that the modified PET fabrics could be resistant to UVR more than 90% in the band of UV-B. The effect of the heat insulation and the mechanical properties of the fibers were also studied.