超氧物歧化酶对糖尿病模型大鼠血液和晶状体中自由基及其清除剂的影响

本工作发现糖尿病大鼠晶状体和血液中的ＬＰＯ、ＭＤＡ水平高于正常大鼠，而Ｔ－ＳＯＤ、Ｃｕ·Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ水平降低（Ｐ＜Ｏ．０１）．观察用不同剂量ＳＯＤ及不同时间的治疗方案，结果大剂量比小剂量，长时间比短时间更能改善自由基和清除剂的状况，提示糖尿病患者晶状体中自由基代谢异常，这可能和糖尿病性白内障有关；表明ＳＯＤ可能是防治糖尿病性白内障的良药．     

小切口白内障摘除术263例疗效观察

目的评价小切口白内障摘除人工晶体植入术治疗白内障的临床疗效。方法对263只白内障患眼施行小切口白内障摘除人工晶体植入术。结果术后1天、1周、3月术眼视力≥0.8者,分别为27.38%、28.14%、28.14%;视力介于0.4～0.6者,分别为58.55%、63.12%、65.02%;视力≤0.3者,分别为14.07%、8.74%、6.84%。术后并发症主要有角膜水肿、角膜内皮皱褶、重度炎症反应、高眼压和后发障,术后1天、1周、3月发生率分别为11.79%、36.50%、2.66%、3.42%和0;3.04%、.52%、2.66%、3.04%和0;0、0、0、1.14%和8.37%。结论小切口白内障摘除人工晶体植入术手术切口和创伤小、复明快、并发症少,是治疗白内障的一种安全、有效的方法。     

白内障术后视力恢复相关因素分析

白内障是重要的致盲眼病。白内障摘除术和人工晶体植入术后，多数病人的视功能得到较好的恢复。然而，仍有部分患者无法通过手术脱残，主要是由于基础眼病、手术方式的选择、术中术后并发症等，其中部分因素能够通过对症处理，使视力得到进一步提高，但相当大部分会造成难以挽回的低视力。因而术前详细检查、术中熟练操作非常重要。     

Changes of tear film and tear secretion after phacoemulsification in diabetic patients

Objective： To evaluate tear film stability and tear secretion in patients with diabetes after phacoemulsification. Methods： Twenty-five diabetic cataract patients and 20 age-matched non-diabetic cataract patients as control underwent phacoemulsification. Tear film break-up time （TFBUT）, Schirmer I test （SIT）, corneal fluorescein staining, and dry eye symptoms were measured pre- and postoperatively. Results： Diabetics had a decreased preoperative TFBUT and SIT. TFBUT was reduced on Day 1 and recovered on Day 180 postoperatively in both groups. SIT was increased after phacoemulsification, but returned to preoperative levels by Day 180 in non-diabetics, whereas it was lower than preoperative level in diabetics. Positive corneal fluorescein staining was elevated in both groups, and returned to preoperative levels only in controls. Dry eye symptoms were similar to fluorescein staining in both groups. Conclusion： Tear secretion was reduced in diabetic cataract patients after phacoemulsification, which worsened dry eye symptoms and predisposed those patients to ocular damage.     

白内障超声乳化加晶体植入术的护理

通过对白内障的患病原理进行分析,提出了有效的的超声乳化晶体植入的手术、术前准备及其术后护理方法,并对整个超声乳化晶体植入手术进行分析总结,认为心理护理和术后护理是手术成功的良好保障．     

泪小管——泪总管吻合术的临床观察

目的：观察外伤性泪小管断裂行泪小管——泪总管吻合术的可行性.方法：用硬膜外麻醉管作为支架,行泪小管与泪总管吻合术.结果：治愈14例（70%）,好转4例（20%）,无效2例（10%）,总有效率90%.结论：治疗方法操作简单,方便快捷,对组织创伤小,无需特殊的手术器械及材料,病人能接受,且手术后反应轻、并发症少.     

外伤性肝破裂救治方式的选择（附58例报告）

对５８例外伤性肝破裂采用不同方式进行手术治疗，治愈５４例，死亡５例。肝破裂后病情多凶险，急诊处理须简单、快速、有效，力求诊断与治疗同步，尽量缩短急诊至手术治疗的时间。根据不同的损伤选择不同的手术方式，以止血，清创和引流为基本原则。３０例采用肝血回输，未发生不良反应。     

Albumin resuscitation protects against traumatic/hemorrhagic shock-induced lung apoptosis in rats

Objective： To determine the effects of albumin administration on lung injury and apoptosis in traumatic/hemorrhagic shock （T/HS） rats. Methods： Studies were performed on an in vivo model of spontaneously breathing rats with induced T/HS; the rats were subjected to femur fracture, ischemia for 30 min, and reperfusion for 20 min with Ringer＇s lactate solution （RS） or 5% （w/v） albumin （ALB）, and the left lower lobes of the lungs were resected. Results： Albumin administered during reperfusion markedly attenuated injury of the lung and decreased the concentration of lactic acid and the number of in situ TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling （TUNEL）-positive cells. Moreover, immunohistochemistry performed 24 h after reperfusion revealed increases in the level of nuclear factor κB （NF-κB）, and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） in the albumin-untreated group was down-regulated by albumin treatment when compared with the sham rats. Conclusion： Resuscitation with albumin attenuates tissue injury and inhibits T/HS-induced apoptosis in the lung via the p38 MAPK signal transduction pathway that functions to stimulate the activation of NF-κB.     

表面麻醉在非乳化白内障摘除术中的应用

目的：观察表面麻醉下小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术的效果．方法：对80例(92眼)白内障患者在表面麻醉下行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术并观察其麻醉效果及术后视力．结果：所有患者在表面麻醉下均能很好地配合，手术顺利完成，无1例改用其他麻醉方法．术后1d及1周视力≥0．5者，分别占61．96％和77．17％．结论：表面麻醉下小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术是安全有效的．     

微创治疗颅内血肿40例报道

目的：总结微创清除术在治疗颅内血肿中的应用。方法：40例患，利用CT定位将直径为3mm、适宜长度的颅内血肿碎吸针经电钻置入血肿腔内。经抽吸后，向血肿腔内注入肝素，尿激酶，透明质酸酶液化血肿，经2—5次反复冲洗引流后，彻底将血肿清除。结果：经治疗，21例外伤性颅内血肿患，成活19例，死亡2例，皆因合并有广泛脑挫裂伤，成活率90％；19例高血压性脑出血患，成活18例，1例因中途放弃治疗死亡，成活率95％。结论：颅内血肿微创清除术适应症宽，手术简洁，创伤小，术中生物酶血肿液化剂的应用使我们能在早期或超早期对患实施手术，及早减轻血肿对脑组织的压迫，打破颅内出血后所引发的一系列病理改变。提高了治愈率和生存质量。