生物大分子在水生态毒理学研究中的应用

生物大分子是近年来在水生态毒理学研究中的主要对象．与其它研究手段相比，生物大分子的研究具有特异性、预警性和广泛实用性等特点．章主要介绍了指示环境污染物的几类主要生物标志物，同时还讨论了生物大分子研究的特点，展望了该领域的应用前景．     

同位素内标法对水产品中硝基呋喃代谢物液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了水产品中硝基呋喃类代谢物残留量的同位素内标定量液相色谱-串联质谱法测定。样品经稀盐酸水解,邻硝基苯甲醛衍生,乙酸乙酯提取净化后,用液相色谱-串联质谱法通过正离子扫描多反应监测模式检测,稳定同位素内标定量。本方法的线性范围为1.25～10μg/kg,4种硝基呋喃代谢物的线性相关系数均在0.993 2以上,4种化合物...     

Biodiversity and biogeography of non-marine Mollusca on the islands of the Southern Ocean

There are no terrestrial and freshwater molluscs associated with Continental nor Maritime Antarctica. The malacofaunas of the cool-temperate and sub-Antarctic islands of the Southern Ocean are extremely depauperate, comprising a mere 68 site-records of 51 species from 27 genera in 13 families. The South Atlantic records are confined to the Falkland Islands, which harbour nine species (one bivalve, five pond snails and three terrestrial aliens), and South Georgia, where there is one Notodiscus sp. (Charopidae). The fauna of the South Indian Ocean islands of Prince Edward, Crozet, Kerguelen and Heard, comprises two alien slugs and endemic Notodiscus hookeri (Charopidae). The majority of species occur on the South Pacific Ocean Islands of Macquarie, Campbell, Auckland, Snares, Antipodes, Bounty and Chatham to the south and east of New Zealand. The Chatham fauna is dissimilar to that on the other South Pacific Islands, though both represent vicariant remnants of common South Pacific Is./New Zealand Athoracophoridae, Charopidae and Punctidae. There is, other than the broad South Indian Ocean distribution of Notodiscus hookeri, little evidence of Holocene dispersal and colonization. Indeed the Southern Ocean is an effective barrier and the different regional (South Atlantic/Indian/Pacific) faunas are principally vicariant and derived from local survivors of Pleistocene glaciation.     

Observations of water-flea Daphnia magna and avian fecalia in rock pools: is traditional natural history reporting still relevant for science?

Unexpected observation of freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna in temporary rock pools on a small island off the Norwegian Atlantic coast confirms colonising ability, mediated through avian dispersal. Robust diapausal eggs of D. magna pass the gut of migrating geese and subsequently hatch in environments where such waterfowl forage and rest along migrating routes. The incubation experiment demonstrates that decomposing fecalia of geese constitute sufficient feed to support developing populations of D. magna in experimental oligotrophic conditions. The findings also show that D. magna is highly adapted for colonisation of temporary pools north of the Arctic Polar Circle, with excellent tolerance to low temperatures. Discussion part I relates the findings to published evidence on avian transport of invertebrate propagules, such as correlations between migration patterns of waterfowl and geographical patterns of aquatic invertebrate diversity. Discussion part II reflects on academic cultures, epistemological aspects of natural history reporting, the presence of a whale cadaver as an ecological indicator and the relevance of simple observation as a starting point for further discourse.     

双波函数得出的两个重要结果

用双波函数及综合极限导出了一维谐振子和一维无限深势阱情况下的运动方程，并赋予量子数以明确的物理意义。     

洞庭湖区水生药用动物资源调查初报

报道洞庭湖区水生药用动物４５科８３属１０５种，并对其特点进行了分析，探讨了当前存在的若干利用问题，同时针对其现状提出了有关的开发对策。     

三峡水库和长江宜昌段河道夏季日间水环境初步评价及对策分析

采用原位监测在夏季从三峡库区到下游枝江的长江干流区段选定监测点进行日间水体环境指标测量。结果表明,三峡大坝上下游表层水温有明显差异性,西陵峡内长江水温无较大变化,流经宜昌城区后水温高于三峡水库。经水库温度分布模拟,三峡水库水温各季节分布差异明显,体现出水温分层现象,最低水温出现时间向后推迟。大坝下游溶氧较高,风速强也会使DO上升。从西陵峡口开始表层水体pH不断下降,应考虑实施兼顾生态保护的水库调度。     

试论浙江水产业经济增长方式的转变

本文认为，十四届五中全会提出了两个具有全局意义的根本性转变，对浙江的水产业来说，同样存在着经济增长方式转变的问题。文章对水产业经济增长方式转变的紧迫性、有利条件及制约因素等问题进行了初步探讨，并提出了对策措施     

关于水产品安全精养中若干问题的思考

在提出安全养殖概念的基础上,着重叙述了安全精养的基本原理、属性、特征和要求,分析了传统精养与安全精养间在养殖观和方法论层面上的关联及主要差距,最后就我国水产安全精养的努力方向进行了探讨.