植物钙营养与贮存关系的研究

多年多点试验表明：钙在４种石灰性土壤以及一些植物体内的运输缓慢；在生殖生长为主期间，根外喷施０．４％ＣａＣｌ２溶液，可改变果实表皮细胞形状，有效地延长果品贮存期，ｔ检验处理均高于对照，差异均达极显著。     

Understanding the importance of selenium and selenoproteins in muscle function

Selenium is an essential trace element. In cattle, selenium deficiency causes dysfunction of various organs, including skeletal and cardiac muscles. In humans as well, lack of selenium is associated with many disorders, but despite accumulation of clinical reports, muscle diseases are not generally considered on the list. The goal of this review is to establish the connection between clinical observations and the most recent advances obtained in selenium biology. Recent results about a possible role of selenium-containing proteins in muscle formation and repair have been collected. Selenoprotein N is the first selenoprotein linked to genetic disorders consisting of different forms of congenital muscular dystrophies. Understanding the muscle disorders associated with selenium deficiency or selenoprotein N dysfunction is an essential step in defining the causes of the disease and obtaining a better comprehension of the mechanisms involved in muscle formation and maintenance. Received 13 July 2005; received after revision 9 September 2005; accepted 4 October 2005     

Triplet repeat disorders: discussion of molecular mechanisms

Comparison of the growing number of disorders known to be associated with triplet repeat expansions reveals both common features and a diversity of molecular pathways. Despite significant progress towards the characterization of proteins coded by the mutant genes, the complex nature of these disorders requires identification of all molecular components of the triplet repeat pathways. In this brief review we will discuss recent progress in determining the molecular mechanisms of disorders with unstable trinucleotide mutations. Received 13 January 1999; received after revision 8 March 1999; accepted 9 March 1999     

Neurobiology and neuroimmunology of Tourette’s syndrome: an update

Tourettes syndrome is a childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of both multiple motor and vocal tics. While the pathogenesis at a molecular and cellular level remains unknown, structural and functional neuroimaging studies point to the involvement of the basal ganglia and related cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits as the neuroanatomical site for Tourettes syndrome. Moreover, Tourettes syndrome has a strong genetic component, and considerable progress has been made in understanding the mode of transmission and in identifying potential genomic loci. Summaries of recent findings in these areas will be reviewed, followed by a critical overview of findings both supporting and challenging the proposed autoimmune hypothesis of Tourettes syndrome. We conclude that Tourettes syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder, and that immune factors may indeed be involved in some patients.Received 12 August 2003; received after revision 8 October 2003; accepted 31 October 2003     

Human mitochondrial tRNAs in health and disease

The human mitochondrial genome encodes 13 proteins, all subunits of the respiratory chain complexes and thus involved in energy metabolism. These genes are translated by 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), also encoded by the mitochondrial genome, which form the minimal set required for reading all codons. Human mitochondrial tRNAs gained interest with the rapid discovery of correlations between point mutations in their genes and various neuromuscular and neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, emerging fundamental knowledge on the structure/function relationships of these particular tRNAs and an overview of the large variety of mechanisms within translation, affected by mutations, are summarized. Also, initial results on wide-ranging molecular consequences of mutations outside the frame of mitochondrial translation are highlighted. While knowledge of mitochondrial tRNAs in both health and disease increases, deciphering the intricate network of events leading different genotypes to the variety of phenotypes requires further investigation using adapted model systems.Received 3 December 2002; received after revision 14 January 2003; accepted 27 January 2003     

Diurnal change in stature: effects of sleep deprivation in young men and middle-aged men

Summary Sleep deprivation was associated with decreased stature and it blunted the normal 24-h rhythm in young and in middle-aged men. Loss in stature was regained during the first recovery night of sleep. The 24-h rhythm in height is not an endogenous circadian rhythm but depends upon the periods of recumbency over the sleep/wake cycle.Acknowledgments. The first author was a Medical Research Council scholar; the second was supported by the Scottish Hospital Endowments Research Trust.     

儿童精神障碍的遗传机制研究进展

 儿童精神障碍是一类在儿童和少年期发病的异常行为和精神障碍,具有较高的发病率,是遍及世界各国的重要问题之一。综述了几种常见儿童精神障碍的主要遗传学研究类型、相关的主要结果,总结了遗传位点鉴定后的功能研究方法及结果,提出了目前儿童精神障碍遗传学研究的挑战和未来的研究方向。     

基于《伤寒论》理法方药理论浅谈新冠肺炎防控策略

基于张仲景《伤寒论》理法方药理论,对当前正在流行的新冠肺炎(COVID-19)的病因、病机进行分析,并据此提出合理的诊疗、防控策略。认为新冠病毒是一种伤寒病毒,由其引发的新冠肺炎应该定义为张仲景所说的伤寒,新冠病毒感染的怕冷发热病人不宜采用输液消炎的方式降温。该结论不仅能为此次新冠肺炎疫情的防控提供指导意见,还能为以后类似流行性传染病的防控起到借鉴作用。     

网络游戏成瘾的动机及抑制性因素作用的实证研究

网络游戏成瘾往往会给青少年造成极大的身心危害,迄今为止学术界对网络游戏成瘾动机的研究已有一些研究成果,但对如何抑制网络游戏成瘾尚无任何实证研究成果.构建了一个模型包含网络游戏成瘾动机因素和抑制性因素的综合模型,用以测量各种措施对青少年网络游戏成瘾行为的影响作用.该研究对上海多个中学进行问卷调查,共采集到623个有效样本.研究结果显示,在所有抑制性因素中,只有兴趣转移和父母监控与网络游戏成瘾呈显著负相关,而经济开销对网络游戏成瘾影响很小.另外,在所有动机因素中,只有机制(Mechanics)、关系(Relationship)和逃避(Escapism)显著正相关于网络游戏成瘾.     

言语运动分析软件(MSP)的参数研究

近年来,计算机技术飞速发展,通过计算机的言语分析软件对动态病理言语评估更具有客观性和稳定性.文章介绍美国Kay公司生产的言语运动分析软件(MSP),该程序能够提取有关言语障碍的声学参数,将患者的语音通过软件分析处理,与正常人标准样本对比,总结出带有图形和数值信息的综合性报告,从而达到评估动态病理言语的目的,为临床诊断和治疗提供了依据.