尿囊素在润肤奶液中的应用

本介绍尿囊素在润肤奶液中的应用，以及尿囊素在该产品中的保湿效果和应用前景。     

从如新营销模式谈直销创新

从安利、雅芳到如新,一个个国外品牌进入中国市场,采用的都是直销方式.本文从如新公司出发,运用SWOT分析了如新直销方式的内外部威胁和优势,试图探索一条直销创新模式.     

Guide for Authors

<正>The journal of"Progress in Natural Science:Materials International(PROG NAT SCI-MATER)"sponsored and organized by both Chinese Materials Research Society(C-MRS)and Inter national Union of Materials Research Societies(IUMRS)started to publish     

多媒体教室设备故障快速反馈系统设计

利用VB语言开发出一套多媒体教室设备快速反馈系统,为上课教师和多媒体管理人员之间搭建了一个平台,实现了设备出现问题可以快速反馈到设备管理人员,经过使用,效果良好,达到设计目标。     

地下连续墙垂直承载力试验研究

近年来，把地下连续墙作为承重结构的工程实例越来越多，为了给方后的设计和施工提供合理的依据，我们在国内首次进行了单片的连续墙的垂直静荷载现场试验，对地下墙的荷载传递机理及垂直承载力进行了研究，分析了墙端阻力和侧壁摩阻力随位移发展而发挥的特性及它们之间的相互影响关系，提出了侧壁摩阻力的计算模型及地下连续墙垂直承载力的设计方法，可供工程界参考应用。     

射孔参数对油井产能影响的分析

射孔完井后的油井产能计算和分析是油田开发与开采中的重要环节.为了研究各种射孔参数对油井产能的影响.本文以有限元法为基础建立了油井射孔的三维、多孔眼模型.进而应用非线性回归的方法建立了计算油井产能的公式.并编制了系统软件.对9种射孔参数的影响进行了分析研究.并与国外的研究结果进行了分析对比.此外.对每一个影响因素对产率比的敏感性进行了分析.得出各参数在射穿污染带与未射穿污染带及高污染与低污染等不同情况下对产率比的影响程度排序.     

Isolation of human epidermal stem cells by adherence and the reconstruction of skin equivalents

The isolation of human epidermal stem cells is critical for their clinical applications. In the present study, we isolated three populations of epidermal keratinocytes according to their ability to adhere to collagen type IV: i.e., rapidly adhering (RA), slowly adhering (SA), and non-adhering (NA) cells. The aim of this study was to characterize RA cells and to investigate the possibility of using these cells for epidermis reconstruction. To identify RA cells, flow cytometric analysis was performed using anti-₆ integrin and anti-CD71 antibodies. RA cells express high levels of ₆ integrin and low levels of CD71, which are considered as markers of an epidermal stem cell nature. Furthermore, electron microscopy showed that RA cells are small and have a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, whereas SA and NA cells have well-developed cellular organelles and abundant tonofilaments. Western blot analysis showed that RA cells are slow cycling and express p63, a putative epidermal stem cell marker, whereas SA and NA cells express c-Myc, which is known to regulate stem cell fate. To compare epidermal regenerative abilities, skin equivalents (SEs) were made using RA, SA, and NA cells. The epidermis constructed from RA cells was well formed compared to those formed from SA or NA cells. In addition, only SEs with RA cells expressed ₆ integrin and ₁ integrin at the basal layer. These results indicate that RA cells represent epidermal stem cells and are predominately comprised of stem cells. Therefore, the isolation of RA cells using a simple technique offers a potential route to their clinical application, because they are easily isolated and provide a high yield of epidermal stem cells.Received 2 July 2004; received after revision 20 August 2004; accepted 10 September 2004     

Decision-making at the surface of the intact or barrier disrupted skin: potential applications for vaccination or therapy

The skin is a highly accessible organ and constitutes an active immunological site. Both these properties make this surface an attractive route for what promises to be a cost-effective, simple, practical and needle-free delivery of vaccines and immunomodulators. Less obvious is the fact that the state of the skin barrier can influence quantitative and qualitative aspects of antigen-specific immune responses. The everyday decision-making at the skin epithelium concerns the choice between the induction of an immune response and the establishment of a state of non-responsiveness (tolerance). This decision is influenced by various factors such as the dose, the route (intact vs barrier-disrupted skin), the cytokine microenvironment and the nature of the antigenic stimulus. By increasing our understanding of how immune responses are regulated in the epidermis we can envisage the development of immunisation protocols aimed at eliciting a protective immune response or inducing tolerance, with direct applications to preventive or therapeutic vaccination, respectively.Received 29 November 2004; received after revision 2 February 2005; accepted 22 February 2005     

考虑表皮和井筒储存效应的圆形封闭油气藏试井数学模型

本文建立了考虑表皮和井简储存影响的圆形封闭油气藏试井数学模型,并推导出其压力表达式,用于现场实际分析,取得了满意效果。