长江中游平原地区黑杨派南方型无性系立地质量评价——Ⅰ.土壤-立地因子分析

影响黑杨派南方型无性系生长的综合土壤-立地因子有:有效水分、物理性状、通气条件和土壤养分.综合土壤-立地因子由反映立地质量的土壤-立地子因子构成.通径分析表明:影响土壤有效水分的土壤-立地子因子主要是局域位置、地形条件和地下水位;影响物理性状的是质地与结构;影响通气条件的是经营水平;而影响土壤养分的土壤-立地子因子是速效钾和pH值.     

基于BP神经网络的避洪安置区选址研究

为了解决洪水灾害应急管理中避洪安置区的选址问题,在总结前人研究成果的基础上,从自然环境、可行性、生活条件、社会环境、实用性等5个方面出发,通过17个具体指标,构建了避洪安置区选址评价体系;在安置区的选址分析中引入BP神经网络,构建了基于BP神经网络的安置区选址模型,根据选址评价体系及相关经验确定网络模型各层次的神经元节点数量,并采用样本对模型进行训练分析,建立了稳定的网络结构,最终实例验证了该模型在避洪安置区选址问题中的有效性及可行性。     

周口店北京人遗址环境地质条件及地质病害机理分析

自周口店北京人遗址区被发现后的几十年以来,由于自然和人为因素的影响,在各发掘点内出现了诸多不同类型的地质病害,严重威胁着遗址区的安全与保护.基于此,通过现场及室内试验对遗址区环境工程地质条件进行了分析并在此基础上通过岩石薄片镜下鉴定、岩石化学分析及崩解试验等对影响遗址区病害的因素及机理做了分析.结果发现,周口店遗址区7个发掘点共有20处类型不一、规模不等、变形程度不同的潜在地质病害点.其破坏的原因可以归结为地质、环境及人类活动3个因素,其中着重讨论了环境因素的影响.环境因素分析结果表明,不同地点处由于其胶结物成份不同所以环境因素对其的影响方式也不同.图12,表3,参8.     

An atomistic simulation of site preference and vibrational properties of UMxAl12-x （M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cr and Mn） and UMxAl1z-xHx

A series of lattice inversion pair potentials are used to evaluate the phase stability and site preference for uranium intermetallics UMxAl12-x (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cr and Mn) and their related hydrides. Calculated results show that Fe, Co, Ni, Cr or Mn atoms preferentially substitute Al at the 8f site. Interstitial H atoms only occupy 2b interstitial sites in UMxAl12-x. Calculated lattice constants are found to agree with a report in the literature. Elastic constants and bulk modulus of UMxAl12-x and UMxAl12-xH were also investigated. In particular, the phonon densities of states (DOS) of these actinide compounds were evaluated for the first time.     

皖东南山区杉木人工林立地质量数量化评定与产量预测

对皖东南低山丘陵地区１２个国有林场杉木人工林进行调查，用层次分析法对立地质量进行数量化评定，评定的结果与情况吻合；分析杉木各生长因子和产量之间的关系，用ＳＡＳ软件建立了蓄积，树高，胸径的数学预测模型，所建的模型把年龄，林分密度和立地指数有机结合起来，为该地区杉木人工林生长预测和产量预测提供可靠的依据。     

Research on the disappearance causes of the Tenghualuo Site in Lianyungang,Jiangsu Province, China

With brilliant civilization during the transitional period from a original clan society to a state society in prehistory,the Neolithic Tenghualuo Site in Lianyungang was discovered by archaeological survey in 1989,which was titled as‘one of the nation’s ten great archeological discoveries in 2000’.However,the transgression and the anthropogenic environment deterioration have ever been employed to explain the abandonment of the site.Based on a dynasty framework established by the 14 C dating,and using the experimental methods such as micro-paleontology identification in foraminifera and charophytes, the content test of Rb and Sr,susceptibility analysis as well as granularity and sedimentary facies analysis,some researches on the sediments from the two exploration layers at Tenghualuo Site were conducted,and the following new findings have been gained:Firstly,foraminifera which are relevant to the marine environment were not found in the sediment layer,however,25 charales,which usually live in the freshwater environment,in 07LTT1 exploration samples were found.Among them,3 charales were found in the samples from the forth sediment layer below the late Longshan Cultural layer and 22 charates were from the second sediment layer above the late Longshan Cultural layer.Furthermore,5 plant seeds and 41 fungal spores,together with many carbonation holes,plant seed shells,as well as their roots and stems were also found in the second sediment layer above the late Longshan Cultural layer.Secondly,the cumulative probability curves of the sediments’granularity in both the last and its overlying culture intermittent layers have characteristics of three-phase river sediment curve,and the ratios between Rb and Sr are both quite high in samples from two layers sedimented during the disappearing time of the site.All above-mentioned evidences indicate that disappearance of the Tenghualuo Site was not related to the transgression.The late Longshan Culture of the site could be completely abandoned after a relatively long-ter     

古遗址目标提取方法研究

目的研究根据获取的遥感信息从背景"影"像中有效识别和提取文物遗存的方法。方法分析研究区遗址影像波谱特征基础上,运用高光谱分析技术获得已知遗址目标波谱曲线,最终利用约束能量最小化(CEM)算法,从背景地物中分离遗址目标。结果当遗址与周围背景物性差异明显,引起明显的光谱异常时,CEM算法能够基于真实的物理模型进行波谱提取、识别和探测古遗址目标。结论 CEM算法提取古遗址信息是可行性强的一种方法,且识别效果与MNF变换后图像的维数有关,选择特征值较大的波段组合参与CEM运算,能有效地避免噪声对目标探测的干扰,使得探测率提高。     

公路网灾害应急救援点多目标选址模型及算法

为减少自然灾害频发对公路交通带来的损失,研究并建立针对自然灾害的区域公路网应急救援点显得十分必要。本文首先从公路自然灾害应急救援点的功能需求、选址影响因素、选址要素（顾客、设施、空间、度量）和选址目标等方面对救援点选址规划特征进行了研究。然后从公路应急救援的快速反应、集合覆盖、灾害损失最小化等三个方面提出了公路网应急救援点的多目标选址优化模型,并探讨了模型的求解算法和求解步骤,通过lingo软件编程实现优化目标的求解。最后通过浙江桐庐公路网的应急救援点规划这一实例对提出的选址优化模型进行了应用。     

从共同的易学表现形式看人类文明同源——人类文明同源研究之二

人类文明在什么时间、什么地点,以什么模式起源,这是学术界迄今为止尚未解决的问题。为此,笔者作了人类文明同源课题研究,提出人类文明起源模式为远古中国阴阳易学的学术观点。本课题从壮侗语支民族后裔之一壮族把“天”和“太阳”叫做“干”的语言切入,通过中国云南抚仙湖水下远古遗址所见文字符号、图案与两河流域美索不达米亚文明遗址所见文字符号、图案的比较研究,发现两地远隔千山万水,但注重阴阳易学的哲学观念是一致的。当时的易学观念主要以数字“十”和三角符号出现,普遍见于中国黄河、长江流域仰韶文化时期遗址和两河流域美索不达米亚文明遗址。在此基础上展开甲骨文、金文与两河流域楔形文字有关王权记载的比较研究,同样发现阴阳易学哲理对文字的影响很深。特别是殷商、西周时期的金文,无不蕴藏着“干”的读音分别是“太阳”和“天”的两重内涵,这种读音和语义分明是壮侗语支民族后裔之一壮族语言中的意思。这种读音有考古文物佐证和支撑,是阴阳易学在人类文明发展进程中的客观反映。在这方面,我们还可以从文献中对侗台语民族先祖建立的吴、越古国的记载中找到相关的证据。本文是课题的第二部分。