利用卫星数据和全球大气化学传输模式研究中国东部大城市对流层NO2季节变化原因

利用卫星观测数据(GOME和SCIAMACHY)分析了1996年3月至2008年3月中国地区对流层NO₂的分布特征和选定地区对流层NO₂的变化趋势,并结合大气化学传输模式（MOZART-2）对中国东部大城市上空对流层NO_2显著季节变化的原因进行了分析。研究发现：1）中国地区对流层NO₂高值区主要分布在京津冀地区、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲;中国东部污染地区对流层NO₂呈现显著的增长趋势,年平均增长值达到0.9×1015cm_-2。2）中国东部大城市上空对流层NO_2存在明显的季节变化,原因是OH对于对流层NO₂的有效清除机制,对流层NO₂在冬季出现高值,夏季迅速降低至一年中最低值;在以自然排放源为主的中国西部背景地区,对流层NO₂则呈现明显的夏季高冬季低的特征。     

Satellite remote sensing of changes in NO x emissions over China during 1996–2010

Satellite derived NO2 column data have been used to study Chinese national fossil fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.Based on NO 2 retrievals from two satellites (GOME and SCIAMACHY) for 1996-2010,we analyzed the characteristics and evolution of regional pollution related to NO x emissions in China.Satellite observations indicated that the highly polluted regions were expanding.Anthropogenic emission dominated areas have expanded from the east to central and western China,and new highly polluted regions have formed throughout the nation.Bottom-up emission estimates suggested a 133% increase in anthropogenic NOx emissions in East Central China during 1996 to 2010,which was lower than the 184% increase of the NO2 columns measured by the satellites.We found that growth rates of NOx emissions have slowed in Chinese megacities over recent years,in contrast to which,the NOx emissions were soaring in medium-sized cities,indicating that strict controls of NOx emissions from coal-fired facilities are required in China.