Quantum decoherence and the approach to equilibrium (II)

In a previous paper [Hemmo, M & Shenker, O (2003). Quantum decoherence and the approach to equilibrium I. Philosophy of Science, 70, 330–358] we discussed a recent proposal by Albert [(2000). Time and chance. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Chapter 7] to recover thermodynamics on a purely dynamical basis, using the quantum theory of the collapse of the quantum state of [Ghirardi, G, Rimini, A and Weber, T., (1986). Unified dynamics for microscopic and macroscopic systems. Physical Review, D 34, 470–479]. We proposed an alternative way to explain thermodynamics within no collapse interpretations of quantum mechanics. In this paper some difficulties faced by both approaches are discussed and solved: the spin echo experiments, and the problem of extremely light gases. In these contexts, we point out several ways in which the above quantum mechanical approaches as well as some other classical approaches to the foundations of statistical mechanics may be distinguished experimentally.     

改进QDPSO算法在BP网络训练中的应用

QDPSO（Quantum Delta-Potential-Well-based Particle Swarm Optimization）算法是基于量子空间的粒子群算法，对QDPSO算法进行了改进，结合Iris分类问题，应用到BP网络的权值优化中，并和基于标准PSO算法的方法进行了比较。实验结果表明：该算法性能优于所比较的两种算法，并且具有良好的收敛性和稳定性。     

原子结构中的物理理论

本文较系统地介绍了有关原子结构方面的一些基础理论,由定性到定量,并应用量子力学知识描绘了原子结构状态。     

利用量子么正变换引起拓扑项的可移性求微扰项对Berry相因子的贡献

利用量子么正变换引起拓扑项的可移性，求出了一维无限深运动边界方势阱在压缩变换中出现的微扰项在一级近似下对Ｂｅｒｒｙ相因子的贡献。     

Why the Afshar experiment does not refute complementarity

A modified version of Young's experiment by Shahriar Afshar demonstrates that, prior to what appears to be a “which-way” measurement, an interference pattern exists. Afshar has claimed that this result constitutes a violation of the Principle of Complementarity. This paper discusses the implications of this experiment and considers how Cramer's Transactional Interpretation easily accommodates the result. It is also shown that the Afshar experiment is analogous in key respects to a spin one-half particle prepared as “spin up along x”, subjected to a nondestructive confirmation of that preparation, and post-selected in a specific state of spin along z. The terminology “which-way” or “which-slit” is critiqued; it is argued that this usage by both Afshar and his critics is misleading and has contributed to confusion surrounding the interpretation of the experiment. Nevertheless, it is concluded that Bohr would have had no more problem accounting for the Afshar result than he would in accounting for the aforementioned pre- and post-selection spin experiment, in which the particle's preparation state is confirmed by a nondestructive measurement prior to post-selection. In addition, some new inferences about the interpretation of delayed choice experiments are drawn from the analysis.     

钠光谱分析中运算方法的改进

本文对近代物理实验项目《钠原子光谱的拍摄与分析》的传统教学内容提出了改进,并将微机引入了实验教学。     

量子阱中束缚光学极化子

采用线性组合算符及幺正变换方法研究了量子阱中强、弱耦合束缚光学极化子的性质．导出了量子阱中束缚光学极化子的基态能量与库仑束缚势、电子-LO声子的耦合强度和阱宽的变化关系．通过数值计算结果表明：基态能量因电子-LO声子的耦合强度和库仑束缚势的不同而不同，它随电子-LO声子的耦合强度和库仑束缚势的增大而增大，当电子-LO声子的耦合强度和库仑束缚势取某一定值时随阱宽的增大而增大．     

定态量子流体动力学模型解的一些估计

有关量子流体动力学模型的研究成为了一个热点问题。研究了当电子密度为正,引入新的变换ω=ρ后,得到稳定态半导体量子流体动力系统的解的L∞估计、H1估计和H2估计。     

量子点中的磁极化子:压缩态变分法

采用基于逐次正则变换的变分方法研究了利用单模压缩态变换处理双线性项的情况下抛物量子点中磁极化子的基态能量．讨论了在弱耦合情况下，受限长度，回旋频率，电子一声子耦合常数与基态能量的依赖关系．     

关于量子超光速通信的一个理论设想

本文深入分析了拟议中的量子超光速通信理论,提出了实现量子超光速通信的原理与技术方案。此外,本文还讨论了适用于量子超光速通信的新的时空变换,并提出了两种检测特惠Lorentz参照系的实验方法。