ELISA定量测定单克隆抗体方法改进

本文介绍了以亲和层析纯化的免抗鼠IgG类抗体及其酶标物作为捕获及检测抗体进行鼠杂交瘤培养上清及腹水中IgG类单克隆抗体的ELISA定量测定方法。结果表明:小牛血清(BS)、免血清(RS)、马血滑(HS)、人血清(HuS)及非抗体产生细胞的培养上清对本项εLISA实验无干扰,使测定的结果较可靠,测定的鼠IgG各亚类的标准曲线的线性范围均在5～100ng/ml之间,因此这个快速、可靠的方法可为鼠IgG类单克隆抗体的定量测定提供一种实用的手段。     

QC-PCR测定HIV-Ⅰ型DNA含量

为人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）含量测定提供一种定量的方法。方法 以HIV－Ⅰ型感染小鼠，用竞争性定量多聚酶链式反应（Quantitative Competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction,QC-PCR)和增强化学发光法测定HIV含量。结果 用QC－PCR方法测定HIV含量简单、快速、准确而且无污染。结论 QC－PCR可作为HIV DNA测定的新方法，是AIDS早期诊断、疗效观察及愈后判断的监控手段。     

Induction of vanadium accumulation and nuclear sequestration causing cell suicide in human Chang liver cells

Very little is known about the modulation of vanadium accumulation in cells, although this ultratrace element has long been seen as an essential nutrient in lower life forms, but not necessarily in humans where factors modulating cellular uptake of vanadium seem unclear. Using nuclear microscopy, which is capable of the direct evaluation of free and bound (total) elemental concentrations of single cells we show here that an NH₄Cl acidification prepulse causes distinctive accumulation of vanadium (free and bound) in human Chang liver cells, concentrating particularly in the nucleus. Vanadium loaded with acidification but leaked away with realkalinization, suggests proton-dependent loading. Vanadyl(4), the oxidative state of intracellular vanadium ions, is known to be a potent source of hydroxyl free radicals (OH^.). The high oxidative state of nuclei after induction of vanadyl(4) loading was shown by the redox indicator methylene blue, suggesting direct oxidative damage to nuclear DNA. Flow cytometric evaluation of cell cycle phase-specific DNA composition showed degradation of both 2N and 4N DNA phases in G₁, S and G₂/M cell cycle profiles to a solitary 1N DNA peak, in a dose-dependent manner, effective from micromolar vanadyl(4) levels. This trend was reproduced with microccocal nuclease digestion in a time response, supporting the notion of DNA fragmentation effects. Several other approaches confirmed fragmentation occurring in virtually all cells after 4 mM V(4) loading. Ultrastructural profiles showed various stages of autophagic autodigestion and well defined plasma membrane outlines, consistent with programmed cell death but not with necrotic cell death. Direct intranuclear oxidative damage seemed associated with the induction of mass suicide in these human Chang liver cells following vanadium loading and nuclear sequestration.     

非线性量化因子模糊控制器及其应用

针对被控系统的随机动态过程,选取系统中的误差与误差变量,采用二者所集成的复合函数实现对系统的最优控制.同时,应用此复合函数设计了包含非线性量化因子的模糊控制算法.采用此模糊控制算法的仿真结果表明,此种方法不仅便于实现,而且与传统的控制方法相比具有较好的控制效果.