The Difference of the Pulmonary-Artery Pressure of the Migrants from Difference Elevation at the 4636 - 4907 m Altitude

Study Objective： To compare and analyze the changes of the pulmonary-artery pressure of the migrants coming from different elevation in the hypoxic environment of 4636 - 4907 m extreme altitude. To explore the susceptibility to hypoxic pulmonary-artery hypertension （PH） in the subjects from different altitude and profession. Methods： By using Color Doppler Ultmsonography （CDU）, measuring the pulmonary-artery pressure of 207 healthy men, who had continuously being lived and worked at the extreme altitude for more than six months, and then were divided into three groups according to their profession and the altitude of original living place. Results： There was a significant difference in the outcomes of pulmonary-artery pressure from the 3 groups. Conclusions： Altitude of original living place, labor intensity are some of factors that impact the pulmonary-artery pressure of the people who exposure to a hypoxic environment. The pulmonary- artery pressure of person without strenuously physical work experience was more sensitive to hypoxic surroundings than that of labor workers. It was not always the fact at an extreme altitude that the moderate altitude mountaineers were superior to other migrants from a lower altitude or plain. The higher PH was found in the groups of the moderate altitude mountaineers and labor workers. It is unlikely certain that one with PH would surfer from HAPE.     

Discovery of the granulite xenoliths in Cenozoic volcanic rocks from Hoh Xil,Tibetan plateau

Two-pyroxene granulite and clinopyroxene granulite xenoliths have been recently discovered in the Late Paleogene toNeogene volcanic rocks (with ages in the range of 4.27～44.60 Ma) that outcropped in Hoh Xil, central Tibetan plateau. Based on theelectron microprobe analysis data, the xenoliths provide constraints for the formation equilibrium temperatures of the two-pyroxene gran-ulite being about 783 to 818℃ as determined by two-pyroxene thermometry and the forming pressure of the clinopyroxene granulite beingabout 0.845 to 0.858 GPa that is equivalent to 27.9～28.3 km depth respectively. It indicates that these granulite xenoliths represent thesamples from the middle part of the thickened Tibetan crust. This discovery is important and significant to making further discussion onthe component and thermal regime of the deep crust of the Tibetan plateau.     

A Study on Forest Species Diversity and Its Ecological Service Function in the Plateau Area of Western Sichuan

This paper presents a study on species diversity and its ecological service function in the plateau area in western Sichuan. The results show that species diversity in the plantations on the cutover land has a tendency to increase and that its ecological service function is to be improved with stand age growing. The species diversity in forest communities is also gradually increased on different succession stage till reaching a climax level. But the species diversity in the climax community is slightly decreased before it reaches a relatively constant status. Ecological service function of diversity is gradually strengthened with the progress of succession. In addition, species diversity in a stand in a similar site and at a same age differs among forest types. Species diversity index within a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest is larger than that within a coniferous forest. Meanwhile, species diversity enriches as the tree density increases.     

黄土高原坡耕地生态退耕的植被建设研究--以陕西省黄土高原生态退耕县为例

通过对陕西省黄土高原地区生态退耕县坡耕地的数量、质量调查，指出实现坡耕地退耕的措施?提出在各生态类型区的自然条件下适宜种植的树种、草种和提高植被成活率的途径，分析坡耕地生态退耕后植被建设将带来的经济和生态效益，对整个黄土高原地区的植被建设具有重要的指导作用。     

黄土塬区域城市地表水下渗问题研究

在大规模现场试验及分析基础上,研究了黄土塬区域城市地表水下渗能力、对工程地质及地下水污染的影响问题.结果表明,黄土对地表水有较强的下渗能力,采用0.3～0.5 m/d的稳渗率作为下渗工程设计参数是比较合理的.湿陷性黄土层厚达20 m左右,各类建筑与新建下渗水池之间的距离不得小于60 m.黄土塬地表水下渗的规律是以垂直裂隙下渗为主,水平方向下渗量很小,且为不均匀下渗.为保护地下水,雨水可以下渗,污水严禁下渗.为黄土塬区域城市水土保持提供了理论参考.     

黄土高原城市化过程对水土保持的影响

应用系统分析的方法研究了黄土高原城市化的发展趋势和由此带来的城市水土流失的新形式和其危害．提出在黄土高原城市规划和建设中，要积极应对城市化过程造成城市规模的扩大，在城市建设中要建成新的城市功能和体系，要将生活污水、工业污水和排沙分为3大系统，设立环城防护林带，兴建城市不同的功能区，并要完善城市水土保持执法体系，以法规制度来监管防治城市的水土流失．     

一株来自青藏高原土壤日本曲霉菌的分离鉴定及其杀东亚飞蝗活性研究

采用稀释涂布法从青藏高原采集的土样中分离得到一株具有杀蝗虫活性真菌D3-19.通过形态学观察以及ITS序列的分析,初步将D3-19鉴定为曲霉属日本曲霉(Aspergillus japonicas).室内活性测定结果表明日本曲霉D3-19发酵液和孢子均有杀东亚飞蝗活性.其中,真菌发酵液对东亚飞蝗校正死亡率为:96h(86.67%),144h(100%).与此同时,真菌孢子悬液对东亚飞蝗的LC50(致死中浓度)为3.42×105孢子/mL.研究结果表明,3×108孢子/mL的D3-19孢子悬液对不同年龄阶段东亚飞蝗均有致死效果.其LT50(半致死时间)值分别为:羽化成虫(155h),四至五龄成虫(104.8h),三龄幼虫(54.6h),二龄幼虫(30.6h).     

高原环境下AMT汽车动力性换挡规律分析

针对内燃机汽车性能受高原地区海拔高度的影响,在分析海拔高度的改变对发动机性能影响的基础上,建立整车动力传动系统仿真模型,分析高原环境下AMT汽车动力性换挡规律。通过对最佳动力性换挡规律控制参数进行修正,提出了基于不同海拔高度的动力换挡规律制定方法,并进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明:在高原行驶环境下,采用所提出的高原环境动力性换挡规律,明显改善了AMT汽车在高原环境行驶时的动力性能,提高了汽车高原环境适应能力。     

云南高原湖泊群的统计学聚类识别 及水质响应模式研究

为探究湖泊群水质变量的响应模式,构建适用于监测数据匮乏的湖泊群聚类和响应模式识别方法体系(PCA-BN),包括4个步骤:数据预处理、PCA降维与湖泊聚类、贝叶斯网络构建及参数学习、湖泊响应关系模拟。以云南高原湖泊群为例开展研究,结果表明:所研究的26个湖泊可分为两类;由于第一类湖泊受到的人为干扰更严重,因而叶绿素a对总氮和总磷的响应比第二类湖泊更敏感;第一类湖泊表层水温高,溶解氧趋近饱和,随叶绿素a变化不显著,第二类湖泊溶解氧随叶绿素a升高而显著升高;两类湖泊的透明度与叶绿素a的关系一致。