不同浓度萘和芘处理对红树植物秋茄胚轴萌发和幼苗生长的影响

在实验室条件下．分别以0．1、1和10mg／L三个浓度的萘和芘培养红树植物秋茄(Kandclia candel (L.)Druce)幼苗．培养基盐度15．培养期60d．以不加污染物培养为对照．分析了萘和芘对幼苗萌发和生长的影响．研究结果表明：低浓度萘和芘(0．1mg／L)对秋茄胚轴萌发没有影响，对幼苗生长甚至有一定的刺激作用．高浓度处理(10mg／L)则对胚轴第二对叶的展开有明显的抑制作用．高浓度萘处理的幼苗根、茎、叶及总量与对照组相比分别降低了95．2％、89．7％、85．5％和91．6％；高浓度芘处理则分别降低了50．4％，52．9％、73．9％和57．6％．在抑制程度上。萘处理明显大于芘处理．     

协同增敏同步荧光法测定自来水与人尿中的1-羟基芘

使用正丙醇这一小分子脂肪醇,进一步促进β-环糊精有序介质对1-羟基芘的荧光增强作用,基于此,利用同步荧光法测定水样中的1-羟基芘,检测限达到2.5×10-11m ol/L,相对标准偏差为3.8%(n=5),运用该方法测定了自来水与人尿样品中的1-羟基芘,结果满意。     

微波法制备的煤基活性炭对芘吸附行为的研究

持久性有机污染物多环芳烃(PAHs)由于其难生物降解的特性对环境造成了极大的危害,本研究以新疆丰富的煤炭为原料,采用微波法制备煤基活性炭(CAC),并利用其吸附性能对典型PAHs芘进行吸附去除,研究各因素对吸附的影响。结果表明:随着温度的升高,吸附率和吸附量降低;随着CAC用量的增加,吸附率升高,吸附量降低;随着溶液初始浓度的增加,吸附率降低,吸附量增大,而溶液的初始pH和转速对吸附影响较小;在温度25~55℃之间探讨了其吸附等温线及吸附动力学,Langmuir模型和拟二级动力学模型可很好地描述吸附行为,表明CAC对芘的吸附属单分子层吸附且吸附过程存在化学作用;CAC对芘的吸附量高达88.08 mg/g,具有良好的吸附作用,表明利用CAC可控制PAHs对环境造成的污染。     

二甲基硅取代基对芘环的紫外吸收和荧光性质的影响

文章发现被一取代二甲基硅芘和三甲基硅芘的最大吸收波长相等,而未取代的芘相比较红移10nm。二取代二甲基硅芘的紫外吸收波长比一取代二甲基硅芘最大吸收波长有红移10nm。荧光强度随硅烷基数的增多增强,而甲基数目对紫外和荧光性质没有大的影响。     

微生物对高分子量多环芳烃苯并芘的降解研究

苯并[a]芘（BaP）是一种由5个苯环组成的分布广泛、致癌性极强的多环芳烃,是目前国内外环境监测的重要指标之一。研究苯并[a]芘在环境中的产生、迁移、转化、降解及毒理作用,判断多环芳烃的污染情况。本文综述了苯并[a]芘的来源与分布,以及微生物对苯并[a]芘的代谢途径,并对该领域的研究做了展望,希望可以为相关工作的进一步开展提供依据。     

Label-free selective sensing of Pb2＋ lead（II） sensors based on the aggregation of a pyrene fluorescent probe

In the present work, we report a label-free fluo- rescence turn-on approach for the sensitive and selective sensing of Pb2＋. Pyrene with one positive charge was used as the fluorescent probe, and thrombin aptamer （TBA）, which was a G-rich oligonucleotide, was employed to form G-quadruplex with lead（II）. When TBA and Pb2＋ were mixed with lead（II） in an aqueous solution, it was folded into a stable G-quadruplex. Subsequently, a single-stranded nucleic acid-specific nuclease S1 was added. The G-quad- ruplex stabilized by Pb2＋ lead（II） had markedly a significant resistant ability to nuclease S1 digestion. However, in the absence of Pb2＋ lead（II）, no quadruplex or less stable quadruplex was formed and TBA was digested by nuclease S1 in 3 min under the optimized experimental conditions. Finally, pyrene probe was Pb2＋ lead（II）. Electrostatic mixed with oligonucleotide in interactions between oligonu- cleotide （a polyanion） and the probe induced the aggregation of the probe, which in turn produced strong emission of the strong pyrene excimer emission. The intensity of the induced excimer emission was directly proportional to the amount of Pb2＋ added. Our approach shows good selectivity and sen- sitivity for the detection of Pb2＋ with a limit of detection limit as low as 800 nmol/L.     

A designed amphiphilic peptide containing the silk fibroin motif as a potential carrier of hydrophobic drugs

The amphiphilic peptide is becoming attractive as a potential drug carrier to improve the dissolvability of hydrophobic drugs in an aqueous system; thus, facilitating drug uptake by target cells. Here, we report a novel designed amphiphilic peptide, Ac-RADAGAGARADAGAGA-NH₂, which was able to stabilize pyrene, a hydrophobic model drug we chose to study in aqueous solution. This designed peptide formed a colloidal suspension by encapsulating pyrene inside the peptide-pyrene complex. Egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) vesicles were used to mimic cell bilayer membranes. We found that pyrene was released from the peptide coating into the EPC vesicles by mixing the colloidal suspension with EPC vesicles, which was followed by steady fluorescence spectra as a function of time. A calibration curve for the amount of pyrene released into the EPC vesicles at a given time was used to determine the final concentration of pyrene released into the lipid vesicles from the peptide-pyrene complex. The release rate of the peptide-pyrene complex was calculated to quantify the transfer of pyrene into EPC vesicles.     

木糖氧化无色杆菌P1对芘降解的研究及其在两相分配生物反应系统中的应用

采用富集培养技术筛选芘降解微生物，得到一株纯培养条件下可以有效降解芘的细菌，命名为P1，经鉴定为木糖氧化无色杆菌（Achromobacter xylosoxidans）。研究了培养条件对P1降解的影响，在此基础上考察了其在两相分配生物反应系统中对芘的降解。研究结果表明：菌株P1可以有效降解培养体系中的芘，在芘的初始质量浓度为100 mg/L，pH为7，温度为30 ℃时，对芘的降解效果最好；在两相分配生物反应系统中菌株P1对芘的降解速率大于单相反应系统，且降解率受到非水相类型和芘初始浓度的影响，其中以十一醇为有机相的双相反应系统较十二烷和硅油更能促进生物降解，5 d内降解率为78.8%。     

3,6-芘基-9-乙烷基咔唑的结构和光学性质

一种新的蓝光咔唑衍生物3,6-芘基-9-乙烷基咔唑在实验上被设计合成.它具有高荧光效率,可作为空穴传输型材料.本论文采用量子化学方法研究了该物质的结构和光学性质.计算结果表明,3,6-芘基-9-乙烷基咔唑以优良的性能在有机电致发光器件中可用于蓝色空穴传输型发光材料.     

苯并〖DK(〗［a］芘(BaP)〖DK)〗对真鲷细胞色素P450和芳香烃受体基因表达的影响

 通过水体暴露方式对海水养殖真鲷进行BaP持续染毒,利用实时定量PCR技术研究了真鲷细胞色素P450基因(CYP1A1)和芳香烃受体基因(AhR2)随BaP暴露剂量、时间的动力学变化。结果发现,01～15 μg/L环境浓度的BaP能够显著性诱导CYP1A1基因和AhR2基因的表达,且AhR2 mRNA早于CYP1A1 mRNA被诱导表达;BaP持续暴露48 h,CYP1A1和AhR2基因的表达水平均随暴露时间的延长而显著升高,染毒72 h后又回复到本底水平,实验表明这两个基因的表达与BaP的暴露剂量和暴露时间之间具有显著性的剂量-效应和时间-效应关系。