基于单片机红外线遥控器的设计

红外线遥控装置具有体积小、功耗低、功能强、成本低等特点,继彩电、录像机之后,在录音机、音响设备、空凋机以及玩具等其它小型电器装置上也被纷纷采用。遥控器分为发射和接收两大模块,本设计在发射模块部分主要采用HT6221作为红外编码芯片进行相应编码;在接收部分主要采用一体化红外接收器MK0038和单片机AT89C51组成解码系统。     

The Simuliidae (Diptera) of the River Oder and its tributaries,with special reference to the re-appearance of Simulium (Schoenbaueria) nigrum (Meigen) in larger rivers in Central Europe

An investigation was carried out over a five-year period into the blackfly fauna of one of the most important rivers of the North-Central European lowlands, the Oder, together with its major tributaries (Nysa, Stobrawa, O?awa, Barycz, Bobr, Kroisa, Lausitzer Neisse, Warta, Notec), from its source in the Oder Hills to its mouth in the Baltic Sea. Thirteen species were found. The two dominant indicator species, Simulium (Simulium) reptans (Linnaeus) and Simulium (Schoenbaueria) nigrum (Meigen), develop populations of plague proportions within this catchment area. Blackflies of the subgenus Schoenbaueria Enderlein have not been found in Germany or Poland for more than 70 years. However, since 1997, the species S. (Sch.) nigrum was found in the River Oder in enormous numbers together with S. (S.) reptans, and in the vicinity of their breeding sites in Poland and eastern Germany both species are serious pests of man and grazing animals. Notes are given on the biology, distribution and habitat preferences of S. (Sch.) nigrum. The paper concludes with a comparison of the River Oder with some other Central European rivers in respect of its blackfly fauna, together with data on the phenology of the two indicator species.