微波通信接收系统噪声的研究

本文全面论述了微波通信接收系统的噪声来源和分类，并较详细地分析了噪声系数及网络的噪声特性。专门讨论了调频制卫星通信和微波中继通信系统中的噪声对多路电话通信的影响。     

用最小均方误差对数短时谱幅值估计法增强语音信号

本文主要研究语音增强系统在短时频域内,以对数最小均方误差作为语音幅值估计的准则.对含噪语音进行消噪处理。首先推导了公式,并从理论上作了分析研究.在此基础上作了大量实验,与类似的最小均方误差短时谱幅值估计法(MMSE STSA)作了性能比较.实验结果表明,由MMSE LOG-STSA增强方法得到的语音输出的质量优于由MMSA STSA方法得到的质量.语音的失真度和清晰度均有显著改善,同时大大降低了语音中的“音乐噪声”.     

电视视频噪声功率与加权压缩分析

本文对电视接收机的视频通道噪声功率互换前后进行了讨论。根据ＣＣＩＲ推荐的加权网络，采用加权压缩后对图象质量的实际受损情况进行修正，使被测结果与主观评价一致。     

模糊多参考模型自适应控制及仿真研究

将模糊理论应用于参考模型的选择，提出一种将模糊选择和自适应控制相结合的模糊多参考模型自适应控制算法。此方法通过模糊规则选取合适的参考模型，能克服传统自适应算法中由于系统参数跳变而带来的控制困难，并且具有较好的鲁棒性能。在无刷直流电机调速系统模型中的仿真表明，此方法控制的无刷直流电机在电机参考转速和负载转矩变化的情况下仍具有良好的动态性能和控制精度。     

小城镇住宅排水系统存在问题调查分析

随着社会的发展,国民对居住环境质量的要求越来越高,对建筑排水系统中排水噪声大、排水器具返臭气、漏水、排水不畅等诸多问题的反映也越来越强烈。根据对台州市椒江区调查的住宅排水系统实态资料,对国内小城镇住宅排水系统存在的主要问题进行了统计分析,并提出相关建议。     

人工合成噪声环境下的连续英文数字识别系统

噪声鲁棒性问题是当前语音识别的一个重点,作者提出了一个在已有数据库下通过人为地将噪声和语音信号混合的方法,实现实际环境下的连续英文数字语音识别系统.即通过自设计的程序将采集到的噪声文本根据不同的信噪比随机地添加到现有的语音数据库的语音文本中,使新的数据库中的语音文本符合实际的语音环境.实验结果表明,本系统对带噪声环境下的英文数字的识别率效果好,单词的总体正确识别率达到95.86%.     

Microbes,mathematics, and models

Microbial model systems have a long history of fruitful use in fields that include evolution and ecology. In order to develop further insight into modelling practice, we examine how the competitive exclusion and coexistence of competing species have been modelled mathematically and materially over the course of a long research history. In particular, we investigate how microbial models of these dynamics interact with mathematical or computational models of the same phenomena. Our cases illuminate the ways in which microbial systems and equations work as models, and what happens when they generate inconsistent findings about shared targets. We reveal an iterative strategy of comparative modelling in different media, and suggest reasons why microbial models have a special degree of epistemic tractability in multimodel inquiry.     

Varieties of noise: Analogical reasoning in synthetic biology

The picture of synthetic biology as a kind of engineering science has largely created the public understanding of this novel field, covering both its promises and risks. In this paper, we will argue that the actual situation is more nuanced and complex. Synthetic biology is a highly interdisciplinary field of research located at the interface of physics, chemistry, biology, and computational science. All of these fields provide concepts, metaphors, mathematical tools, and models, which are typically utilized by synthetic biologists by drawing analogies between the different fields of inquiry. We will study analogical reasoning in synthetic biology through the emergence of the functional meaning of noise, which marks an important shift in how engineering concepts are employed in this field. The notion of noise serves also to highlight the differences between the two branches of synthetic biology: the basic science-oriented branch and the engineering-oriented branch, which differ from each other in the way they draw analogies to various other fields of study. Moreover, we show that fixing the mapping between a source domain and the target domain seems not to be the goal of analogical reasoning in actual scientific practice.     

一种鲁棒的被动声目标识别方法

针对噪声环境下一些声目标识别技术性能严重下降的问题,提出了一种基于一阶补偿的径向基函数网络模型,并给出了该网络参数选择方法。实际应用表明,这种神经网络对噪声具有较强的鲁棒性,与传统的径向基函数网络相比,其识别性能等同于信噪比提高大约１０～１５ｄＢ。     

重庆市中昆铝业噪声污染现状调查

随着中国城市的迅速发展,城市噪声污染也日益突出,噪声正逐渐成为中国城市环境污染的重要因素之一。本文对重庆中昆铝业进行了环境现状监测,并给出噪声污染结果。